• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.6 s.115
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• pp.145-159
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• 2007

Freed from its traditional confinement to the human body, postmodernism in fashion exposes the defectiveness of body and abstracts from the body under. As the 20th century art put premium on self-expression, the body itself became a powerful medium of expression in fashion. Using 'body' to analyze the clothing form, my study develops a framework by which to classify the fragmentation of the body in fashion. In order to inquire the formative style and aesthetic values expressed in fragmentation of the body in fashion, my study examines subjects from the discourse on the body to the fashion collections of the late 20th and 21st century, The results of the study are as follows. Fragmentation of the body in fashion means the break away from the idealized and standardized body for mass productions. It tends to experiment with extreme exaggeration in form, refusing to subscribe to the traditional values that build on the balance and symmetry of the body. The formative aspects of fragmentation are achieved through body casting, displacement, and deconstruction. The absence of physicality in fashion opposes the sartorial convention and symbolism that results in the discord between signifiant and $signifi{\tilde{e}}$ of clothing. Fashion continues to explore forms and images that transcend the traditional representations of the clothed body. As a type of intimate architecture, fashion always mediates the dialogue between clothes and body, or fashion and figure. My study suggests a framework to analyze fragmentation of the body in fashion, focusing on the relationship between the clothes and body.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.511-518
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• 2009

Freed from its traditional confinement to the human body, postmodernism in fashion exposes the defectiveness of body and abstracts from the body under. Deformation of the body denotes the break away from the idealized and standardized body for mass productions. It tends to experiment with extreme exaggeration in form, refusing to subscribe to the traditional values that build on the balance and symmetry of the body. Bodily deformation carried out historical and cultural pastiche opposes the sartorial convention and symbolism which results in the discord between signifiant and $signifi{\acute{e}}$ of clothing. As a type of intimate architecture, fashion always mediates the dialogue between clothes and body, or fashion and figure. My study suggests a framework to analyze bodily deformation as pastiche, focusing on the relationship between clothes and the body. In order to inquire the deformation of the body in fashion, my study examines subjects of the fashion collections of the turn of the 21st century, using the method of literature research and content analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2012

Recently due to the increasing of the importance on the green energy is getting higher by implementing EERS(Energy Efficiency Resource Standards) and NA(Negotiated Agreement) such as lacks of natural resources and The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. And the most practical solution is CHP(Combined Heat and Power) which performs the best energy efficiency. This paper developed optimal operation mechanism of CES(Community Energy System) for enhancement of energy efficiency using CHP(Combined Heat and Power), PLB(Peak Load Boiler) and ACC(ACCumulator) capacities. This method optimally operated these capacities calculated the maximum profits by Dynamic Programing. Through the case studies, it is verified that the proposed algorithm of can evaluate availability.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.481-490
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• 2007

WASP which is used to plan generation expansion has disadvantages that can't manage environmental factors and regional supply-demand planning. But with the effectuation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol, it is expected that reducing greenhouse gases affects power system in its long-term generation expansion planning. Therefore national countermeasures is needed. This paper formulates a mathematical model considering CO2 emission constraints and Emission Trading that will be enforced. This model is based on the MEFISET (Model for Economic Feasibility of Interstate Electrical Ties) which was made by Korea Energy Economics Institute and Hong-ik university and manages generation expansion planning. And this mathematical model is verified by studying a case system.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.209-219
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• 2005

o Korea consumed total 198.5 million TOE and the portion of crude oil n was 100.4 million TOE in 2002 which marked the 10th largest energy consuming country and ranks the $4^{th}$ crude oil consumer in the world. o Industries consumed 51.5% of the total energy and 93% of industrial energy was used at the manufacturing industries such as steel, textile, chemical, food and beverage, pulp and paper, and timber industries, which lead to energy intensive industries numbered 110,000. o Also Korea ranks the $10^{th}$ greenhouse gas emission countries of the world (134.9 million TC) which may cause Korean industries to suffer severely during the implementation of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). o Therefore, the target of the study is to develop a model for the analysis and design of industrial complex by integration of the energy usage and environmental problems. o The research work contents are as followings: -Analysis of Korea energy consumption -Concept of the integration of energy and environment problems - Basic concept of industrial complex planning - Case study (1) - Recommendation and conclusion

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.8
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• pp.1496-1503
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• 2009

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international environmental treaty to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. In order to fulfil the commitments of the countries in an economically efficient way, the UNFCCC adapted the emission trading scheme in the Kyoto Protocol. If the UNFCCC's scheme is enforced in the country, considerable changes in electric power industry are expected due to the imposed greenhouse gas emission reduction. This paper proposes a game theoretic model of the case when generation companies participate in both competitive electricity market and emission market simultaneously. The model is designed such that generation companies select strategically between power quantity and greenhouse gas reduction to maximize their profits in both markets. Demand function and Environmental Welfare of emission trading market is proposed in this model. From the simulation results using the proposed model the impact of the emission trading on generation companies seems very severe in case that the emission prices are significantly high.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.7-15
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• 2003

This paper is intended as an investigation of introduction of Maritime Security System. In the last few years, several articles have been devoted to the study of ISPS Code(International Code for the Security of Ships and of Port Facilities). The Diplomatic Conference on Maritime Security held in London in December 2002 adopted new provisions in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 and this ISPS Code to enhance maritime security. These new requirements form the international framework through which ships and port facilities can co-operate to detect and deter acts which threaten security in the maritime transport sector. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to suggest an introduction of Maritime Security System and understanding of ISPS Code.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.58
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• pp.329-351
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• 2013

Since the Kyoto Protocol was released in 2005, there has been a number of mechanisms about funding and how to allocate the burdens. The UNFCCC(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)have discussed establishing an international fund to support the reduction of a greenhouse gas. As the availability of adaption finance for developing countries increase, it's needed for a way of prioritizing countries. This article analyzes the carbon reduction system that includes a emission trading scheme, a carbon tax and examines GCF(Green Climate Fund)'s role and needs. A solution to finance Green Climate Fund is more preferred a harmonized carbon tax that across all nations with carbon tax. Especially the role of industrialized countries is important that based on their historical responsibility for fossil fuel emission. That is, they should get more shares of the global costs than developing countries.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.343-344
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• 2006

Consumption of fossil fuel has been increasing steadily, and it has seriously affected environment. Due to this situation, UN establish ed UNFCC (United rations Framework Convention on Climate Change), and since Feb. 2005, Kyoto Protocol has come into effect for UNFCC obligation. In Korean power system, coal and oil thermal generation emitting large CO2 form about 46% of total generation. Moreover since electricity dem and has been increasing continuously, various alternatives should be designed to comply with Kyoto Protocol. In this paper, we analyze changes of each GENCO's generation pattern and resource planning under CO2 emission constraints. For this analysis, we incorporate CO2 emission constraints and the emission trading mechanism into the conventional OPF model.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.46-48
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• 2006

WASP which is used to plan generation expansion has disadvantages that can't manage environmental factors and regional supply-demand planning. But with the effectuation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol, it is expected that reducing greenhouse gases affects power system in its long-term generation expansion planning. Therefore national countermeasures is needed. This paper formulates a mathematical model considering CO2 emission constraints and Emission Trading that will be enforced. This model is based on the ORIRES which was made by ESI, Russia and manages generation expansion planning. And this mathematical model is verified by studying a case system.