• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제12호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1997

The fast growth of the elderly population and nuclear families have been creating substantial needs for residential facilities of aged people in Korea. In this study, reviews on housing preference and physical constraints have been performed based on previous researches. In this study, the results of the analyses propose developmental strategies for the elderly housing in Korea as follows: 1)Housing preference and other psychological trends of Korean elderly are rooted in changeable condition of the emotion and lack of knowledge. Therefore, the housing preference of the Korean elderly should not be considered a fixed reflection ; rather, it should be regarded as a continuously adjusted trends according to later experience and emotional status after residing in the elderly care facilities. 2)Design of elderly housing should be guided within two principles of easy access and high usability. The principles also require maximazation of social interactions among frail elderly residents on age-segregated structure. 3) The experiment among 201 frail elderly shows that each shower stall should accommodate 5-by-5 feet square for wheelchair u-turn, and 48 inch height for kitchen topsink. Finally, the experiment shows that ramp slope of the ederly housing should be within 1/16 and 1/20.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.347-357
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between frailty and oral health among some elderly community residents. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 240 elderly in the Gwangju-Jeonnam area from October 1, 2019, to November 30, 2019, based on convenience sampling. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, frailty level (Kihon checklist), and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index. Results: There were 66 (27.5%) frail elderly, and the GOHAI group with a score less than 45 constituted 187 (77.9%), which was higher than the group with a score of 45 or higher. The distribution of the frail elderly was indicated to be higher in the people with older age (p<0.05), lower educational level (p<0.01), current economic inactivity (p<0.05), living alone (p<0.01), more chronic diseases (p<0.01), and GOHAI score below 45 (p<0.01). Compared to those with a good oral health-related quality of life, those with a poor quality of life showed a 3.03 times higher risk of frailty (95% CI=1.291-7.107)(p<0.05). Conclusions: By recognizing the need for oral health care of the elderly through these results and by identifying the relationship between frailty and oral health, it is possible to consider oral health as a predictor of frailty.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.995-1003
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• 2021

Objective : People are living longer and the elderly population continues to increase. The incidence of degenerative spinal diseases (DSDs) in the elderly population is quite high. Therefore, we are facing more cases of DSD and offering more surgical solutions in geriatric patients. Understanding the significance and association of frailty and central sarcopenia as risk factors for spinal surgery in elderly patients will be helpful in improving surgical outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of prospectively collected data to assess the impact of preoperative central sarcopenia, frailty, and comorbidity on surgical outcome in elderly patients with DSD. Methods : We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent elective spinal surgery performed from January 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020 at our hospital. We included patients aged 65 and over who underwent surgery on the thoracic or lumbar spine and were diagnosed as DSD. Central sarcopenia was measured by the 50th percentile of psoas : L4 vertebral index (PLVI) using the cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle. We used the Korean version of the fatigue, resistance, ambulation, illnesses, and loss of weight (K-FRAIL) scale to measure frailty. Comorbidity was confirmed and scored using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). As a tool for measuring surgical outcome, we used the Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification for postoperative complications and the length of stay (LOS). Results : This study included 85 patients (35 males and 50 females). The mean age was 74.05±6.47 years. Using the K-FRAIL scale, four patients were scored as robust, 44 patients were pre-frail and 37 patients were frail. The mean PLVI was 0.61±0.19. According to the CD classification, 50 patients were classified as grade 1, 19 as grade 2, and four as grade 4. The mean LOS was 12.35±8.17 days. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that postoperative complication was significantly associated with surgical invasiveness and K-FRAIL scale. LOS was significantly associated with surgical invasiveness and CCI. K-FRAIL scale showed a significant correlation with CCI and PLVI. Conclusion : The present study demonstrates that frailty, comorbidity, and surgical invasiveness are important risk factors for postoperative complications and LOS in elderly patients with DSD. Preoperative recognition of these factors may be useful for perioperative optimization, risk stratification, and patient counseling.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.302-314
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aimed to validate instruments to classify the frailty of Korean elderly people in community. Methods: For this study, 632 elders were selected from community-based elderly houses and home visiting registries, and data on frailty were collected using three instruments during November, 2008. The Korean Frail Scale (KFS) was composed of 10 domains with the maximum score of 20. The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) had 10 domains with the maximum score of 17. The 25_Japan Frail Scale (25_JFS) was composed of 6 domains with the maximum score of 25. Internal consistency was measured with Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) of ROC were measured to see validity with long.term care insurance grade as a gold standard. Results: The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .72 for KFS, .55 for EFS, and .80 for 25_JFS. Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 70.0%, 83.2%, and .83, respectively, at cutting point 10.5 for the KFS, 50.0%, 80.9%, and .66, respectively, at 8.5 for EFS, and 80.0%, 85.9%, and .86, respectively, at 12.5 for 25_JFS. Conclusion: KFS and three JFS showed favorable internal consistency and predictive validity. Further longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm predictive validity.

• 한국노년학
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.963-979
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• 2018

본 연구는 생애에 걸쳐 축적된 노인의 이질성을 기반으로 노년기 허약유형을 발견하고 허약 유형별 영향요인을 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 지역사회에 거주하고 있는 70세 이상 노인으로 한정하였으며, 전국 70세 이상 노인의 성별과 연령, 그리고 지역(시 도)을 기준으로 비례할당을 통해 표본을 추출하여 최종적으로 403명의 자료가 분석에 사용되었다. 노년기 허약수준과 유형 파악은 15개 문항으로 구성된 Tilberg의 허약지표(Tilberg frailty indicators)를 활용하였다. 잠재계층분석(latent class analysis)을 통해 노인의 허약유형을 도출하였으며, 허약유형의 결정요인을 밝히기 위해 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 우리나라 노인의 허약유형은 다차원허약형(27.0%), 심리적 허약형(26.8%), 일상도움필요형(46.2%) 등의 세 가지 유형으로 나타났다. 세 유형 모두 일상생활문제를 처리하는데 어려움이 있으나 도움을 충분히 받고 있지 못한다는 공통점이 발견되었다. 그 밖에 다차원허약형은 다른 유형에 비해 신체 및 심리적 허약 위험이 높고, 부분적으로 사회적 허약수준이 높았다. 심리적 허약형은 우울이나 슬픔, 불안과 초조 등과 같은 심리적 허약 가능성이 높은 유형이며, 일상도움필요형은 신체적 및 심리적으로 건강한 편이나 일상생활 문제처리의 어려움이 있으나 주변으로부터의 도움이 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 일상도움필요형을 기준집단으로 허약유형별 차이를 가져오는 요인을 분석한 결과, 다차원허약형은 일상도움필요형에 비해 교육수준이 낮고, 경제활동을 하지 않으며, 영양관리상태가 상당히 열악한 것으로 나타났다. 일상도움필요형에 비해 심리적 허약형은 남성 노인일 가능성이 높고, 교육수준이 낮으며, 중소도시보다는 대도시에 거주할 가능성이 높으며, 흡연율은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 기반으로 우리나라 노인의 허약유형과 궤적에 대한 논의와 허약으로의 진행을 예방할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2009

As a result of rapid aging speed in our society, many problems related to elderly people have happened in many parts of our society. Among them, supply for elderly housing is one of the biggest problems. To solve these problems, 'long-term care insurance' has been put in operation from July 2008. By the time of the insurance operation, Ministry of Health and Welfare is increasing facilities every year according to '10-year expending plan of Care service infra' from 2002. As a result, the supply rate of elderly facilities has been raised. But the differences of facility supply rate between regions are very high in some cases. Therefore older people who need care sometimes cannot get proper care services in some areas. In that case, the frail older people have to use other care facilities of other regions. This is not a proper situation from the point of "Aging in Place". In order to prevent that case, it is necessary to set up proper 'Daily Living Spheres' and establish elderly care plan for it. Considering the points above, this study proposes the size of 'Daily Living Spheres' for the elderly, the kind and amount of elderly care facilities in it for the construction of Community Based Elderly Care System.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2012

The purposes of this study were to identify the needs for ubiquitous home services in residential environment of elderly single or elderly couple households living without children and also to analyze the differences of the needs according to their demographic and housing characteristics. For this study, a literature review and field works on ubiquitous home services for older people were performed. Also, 1 to 1 interview by using the questionnaire which was developed by the researchers in this study was conducted and 270 elderly residents in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do were responded. Seventy-one ubiquitous service items which were adopted to home electronic appliances and furniture for older people were developed for 1 to 1 interview questionnaire. The major findings of the study were as follows: the elderly residents expressed highest need for ubiquitous home service items related to safety and health issues. Among ubiquitous service items applied to gas stove, vacuum cleaner, TV, telephone, sofa and toilet, the items related to safety and health aspects were most needed. And residents' income level and health status were the two major variables to show group differences in the need of ubiquitous home services. In other words, the elderly residents who were high income and frail tended to have the highest demand for ubiquitous home services adopted to home electronic appliances and furniture.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.872-881
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the formal education program provided by the Korean government for care workers for frail elderly people. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey in which 438 certified care workers who had completed the education program participated. Data were collected from June to October 2009, using a self-report questionnaire consisting of satisfaction with, and understanding of the education program. Results: The participants had a mean age of 46.7 yr, 87.9% were female and 58.2% were high school graduates. For the theory part of the education, the highest score for understanding was for 'supporting household & activities of daily living' while the lowest score for understanding was for 'care for death and dying'. For the practical education, the highest score for understanding was for 'talking with the client' and the lowest score was for 'first aid & basic life support'. There was a significant difference in satisfaction and understanding of the theoretical and practical parts according to educational level. Conclusion: Continuing education programs are needed for care workers for elders, both in the theoretical and practical areas. Also the content of programs should address the weak points of this formal education program.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제5권9호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1999

Most of elderly residents who live in nursing home for a long time have been suffering from chronic sickness. Therefore, residential part should be the place to recover social relationship, to get over isolation and to be able to make communication through contact of personal activities. The purpose of this study is to offer the guideline of planning and scale of the shared place which makes better housing environment of the elderly. also, the character of the elderly and element of environments appropriate for the frail elderly people were study.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of taking calcium/vitamin D supplements and performing Taekkyeon exercises on the frailty of the elderly targeting a vulnerable senior social group. Methods: A total of 124 people aged 65 and older consisting of 60 persons in the experimental group, and 64 persons in the control group participated in this study, and this study is a non-equivalent control group pre/post-test design quasi-experimental study. This study analyzed the homogeneity between the experimental group and the control group using a chi-square test and t-test while analyzing the difference in the degree of frailty and bone density with the practice of Taekkyeon and a calcium agent using t-test and GEE. Results: The study results showed that the frailty and bone density of the experimental group significantly improved. Conclusion: Through this study, it was confirmed that calcium/vitamin D intake and Taekkyeon exercises were an effective intervention which strengthened the elderly's physical condition.