• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2004

Purpose: Problematic late sequelae are common following a calcaneal fracture regardless of the initial treatment. We retrospectively evaluated the painful conditions and reviewed the results of the operative treatment in patients with previously treated calcaneal fractures. Materials and Methods: Between October 1996 and September 2001, forty-three patients who underwent subsequent surgical treatment for late sequelae of calcaneal fracture were reviewed. The initial treatment consisted of only immobilization in a cast in 7 patients, closed reduction with pin fixation (Essex-Lopresti technique) in 22 and open reduction and internal fixation in 14. Painful conditions in the hind foot included subtalar arthritis in 31 patients, calcaneofibular impingement in 13, peroneal tendinitis in 6, displaced posterior bony fragment in 3, sural neuritis in 2, subtalar and midtarsal arthritis in 1 and displaced plantar bony fragment in 1. The surgical procedures for the late complications were performed at a mean of 19 months (range, 6 to 35 months) after the injury and consisted of lateral wall ostectomy and in situ subtalar fusion in 28 patients, only lateral wall ostectomy in 5 patients, lateral wall ostectomy and subtalar distraction arthrodesis in 3, removal of displaced posterior bony fragment in 3, sural nerve transposition in the peroneus brevis in 2, triple arthrodesis in 1 and removal of displaced plantar bony fragment in 1. Mean postoperative follow up period was 57 months (range, 33 to 82 months). The results of treatment were evaluated on the basis of pain, improvement in the ability to perform activities of daily living, to return to work or to a pre-injury level of activity. Results: Pain was partially relieved in 38 patients (88%), but not relieved in 5. Function improved in 34 patients (79%), and 32 (74%) returned to work or to a pre-injury level of activity. There was a trend that the longer the interval between the injury and the operation, the longer the subsequent interval until the patient returned to full activities or work. Conclusion: Meticulous physical examination and intensive prompt treatment for remaining pain after initial treatment of calcaneal fractures are recommended for patient's satisfaction and returning to work.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 1990

Ureteroscopic removal of the stone is now popular for the management of the lower ureteral stone. A clinical study was performed on our 75 patients with lower ureteral stone treated with ureteroscopy. Of the 75 stone manipulations 62(83%) were immediately successful and the final success rate including spontaneous delivery of stone or fragment after the procedure was 87 percents(65 cases). Of 57 smaller calculi than 1Cm(radiographic largest diameter) 50(88%) were removed successfully. Mean duration of postoperative hospitalization was 5.6 days. There were no interrelations between the success rate and anesthetic methods. Significant complications durinf or after procedure were not identified. We conclude that ureteroscopic removal of stones under direct vision can be done safely and be the first choice of procedure for the lower ureteral stones.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 2001년도 학술 발표회 진행표 및 논문초록
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• pp.22-22
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• 2001

At the eukaryotic replication fork, discontinuous synthesis of lagging strand DNA gives rise to Okazaki fragments carrying ribonucleotides derived from the primer RNA at their 5' ends. Efficient removal of these ribonucleotides is vital for maintaining genome integrity. In this report we show that the endonucleases Dna2 and Fen1 act sequentially to facilitate the complete removal of the primer RNA.(omitted)

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2012

치관-치근 파절은 법랑질, 상아질, 백악질이 모두 포함된 치아의 파절로, 파절선이 대부분 절단연이나 순측의 변연부 치은에서 구개측 치은열구 하방으로 사선으로 진행된다. 파절선의 위치가 치은 연상이라면 파절편의 제거 및 치은연상 수복을 시행하고, 치은 연하라면 파절면의 외과적 노출술, 교정적 정출술, 외과적 정출술을 이용한 치아의 수복이 이루어진다. 그 외에 섬유 강화형 포스트를 삽입하여 치관 수복물의 유지력을 높이고, 레진 접착 시스템을 사용하여 치관 파절편을 재부착함으로써 생물학적으로 최소한으로 침습적인 치료를 하는 방법도 있다. 만약 파절의 정도가 치은 연하로 깊은 경우 발치나 치관절제술을 이용한 치근의 유지 등을 고려할 수 있다. 본 증례는 치관-치근파절로 내원한 12세 환아로 섬유강화형 포스트를 사용하여 치관 파절편 재부착을 시행하였으며 양호한 경과를 보여 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2005

Objective : Upper lumbar disc herniation is rare disease, compared with lower. The lamina of this high level lumbar vertebra is narrower than that of low level, and this have taken surgeon into important consideration for surgical methods because partial removal of lamina for discectomy weakens the base of the articular process and may result in fracture. The authors an accurate preoperative diagnosis that enables the surgeon to operative approach for preserving the facet joint. Methods : Thirteen patients with upper lumbar disc herniation have underone surgical procedure by midline approach for removal of ruptured disc fragment and paraspinal approach for removal of residual disc materials simultaneously without instrumentation. All patients who underwent surgery were analyzed and long-term follow-up was conducted. Results : At a mean follow-up of 24months, there were complete resolution of presenting radiating leg pain in 85% of the patients, 7.5% were left with minimal residual discomfort, and 7.5% derived little or no benefit from surgery. The follow-up radiologic findings of all patients shows that lamina and facet joint have preserved safely and no instability. Conclusion : Simultaneously, paraspinal with midline approach provides highly satisfactory operating methods by simplifying exposure and greatly limiting the risk of complications. This provides the basis for a planned surgical approach in which destruction of the facet joint can be avoided.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2012

Removal of methane, benzene and toluene was evaluated in a lab-scale biocover packed with a soil mixture of forest soil and earthworm cast (75:25 weight ratio). The bacterial community in the biocover was characterized using quantitative real-time PCR and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Methane was removed at the upper layer of the biocover (-0.1 ~ -0.4 m), where the oxygen concentration was remarkably lower. The average removal efficiencies for methane and benzene/toluene were 90% and 99%, respectively. The pmoA gene copy numbers, responsible for methane oxidation, in the upper layer were higher than those in the lower layer. While type I methanotrohs dominated the lower layer, type II methanotrophs, such as Methylocystis and Methylosinus, were noted to be predominant in the upper layer. Benzene and toluene were removed from the lower layer (-0.6 ~ -0.9 m) as well as the upper layer. Moreover, the tmoA gene copy number, responsible for benzene/toluene oxidation, seen in the upper layer was not significantly different from those seen in the lower layer. These results suggest that a biocover packed with a soil and earthworm cast mixture is a promising method which could be utilized for the control of methane and volatile organic compounds such as benzene and toluene.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.535-544
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• 2005

The management of mandibular condyle fractures continues to be a subject of much debate. It is suggested that, if not properly managed, these fractures may give rise to serious problems, such as malocclusion, mouth opening limitation, temporomandibular joint disorders. Treatment planing of mandibular condyle fractures is very important. The aim of this present study was to evaluate the long-term results according to treatment methods in condylar fractures. Also, it was to evaluate results of treatment according to condylar fracture level. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 43 mandibular condyle fractures. 43 patients followed for average period of 9.00 years(mini. 7yr, max. 12yr). All patients underwent a clinical and radiologic evaluation focusing on mouth opening, mandibular movements, TMJ function, change of ramal height, condylar remodelling. If the level of fracture was positioned in high, especially in level II, mandibular movement disability and ramus length loss was more prominent. This results were similar to the cases of treatment of fragment removal. In high level fracture and fragment removal cases, It is thought that more intensive and long term management are needed than other treatment cases using different operation methods. Also, direct fixation by each approach showed good results in mandibular movement, ramal height change and condylar shape. Through this results, accurate reduction of the mandibular condyle fractures was a very important factor in postoperative prognosis.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2008년도 제16차 학술대회
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• pp.178-178
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• 2008

In order to improve static stability and healing of reattached labrum, we combined the advantages of suture bridge and transosseous technique. Using the conventional 3 portal for anterior instability, check stability of bony Bankart and preparation of glenoid bed in 3 way including removal, reshaping or mobilization of bony fragment. Two anchors were inserted to the superior and inferior portion and medial edge of bony Bankart lesion. It usually corresponded to the area of IGHL. Medial mattress sutures were applied around IGHL complex to get enough depth of glenoid coverage using suture hook. Make 3.5mm pushlock anchor hole to the articular edge of glenoid cartilage. Proximal suture bridge was applied at first and then distal suture bridge was inserted to mobilize the labrum in proximal direction. These construction can provide more stable labral repair with wide contact and compression in case of deficient bony stability. It not only avoids technical disadvantage of point contact with anchor fixation, but also decreasing gap formation through cross compression of labrum that couldn't gain even with the transosseous fixation which affords linear compression effect. Additional bony stability could be gained if the the bony fragment was mobilized to the glenoid margin with potential healing bed or reshaped for the good contact with reattached labrum.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1826-1835
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• 2008

An autotrophic denitrification reactor (ADR-l) and a heterotrophic denitrification reactor (HDR-2) were operated to remove nitrate and nitrite in an anoxic environment in raw sewage. The $NO_3$-N removal rate of ADR-l was shown to range from 52.8% to 78.7%, which was higher than the $NO_3$-N removal rate of HDR-2. Specific denitrification rates (SDNR) of ADR-l and HDR-2 were 3.0 to 4.0 and 1.1 to $1.2\;mgNO_3$-N/gVSS/h, respectively. From results of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the 16S rRNA gene, Aquaspirillum metamorphum, Alcaligenes defragrans, and Azoarcus sp. were $\beta$-Proteobacteria that are affiliated with denitritying bacteria in the ADR-l. Specifically, Thiobacillus denitrificans was detected as an autotrophic denitrification bacteria. In HDR-2, the $\beta$-Proteobacteria such as Denitritying-Fe-oxidizing bacteria, Alcaligenes defragrans, Acidovorax sp., Azoarcus denitrificans, and Aquaspirillum metamorphum were the main bacteria related to denitrifying bacteria. The $\beta$-and $\alpha$-Proteobacteria were the important bacterial groups in ADR-l, whereas the $\beta$-Proteobacteria were the main bacterial group in HDR-2 based on results of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The number of Thiobacillus denitrificans increased in ADR-l during the operation period but not in HRD-2. Overall, the data presented here demonstrate that many heterotrophic denitritying bacteria coexisted with autotrophic denitrifying bacteria such as Thiobacillus denitrificans for nitrate removal in ADR-l. On the other hand, only heterotrophic denitritying bacteria were identified as dominant bacterial groups in HDR-2. Our research may provide a foundation for the complete nitrate removal in raw sewage of low-COD concentration under anoxic condition without any external organic carbon or the requirement of post-treatment.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2016

Purpose: Cemental tear is a specific type of root surface fracture characterized by a complete separation of a cemental fragment along the cementodentinal junction or a partial split within the cementum along an incremental line. It is suggested to be a factor for periodontal or periapical tissue destruction. The aim of this study is to present a diagnosis and treatment of cemental tear associated with periapical lesion with root canal treatment and regenerative periodontal surgery. Treatments: A 60-year-old male who had a history of sports trauma on the mandibular right central incisor about 10 years ago presented with apical cemental tear. Clinical examination showed a slightly dark yellowish discoloration and sinus tract that was located on the apical labial mucosa. The mobility and percussion were also assessed on the diseased tooth and recorded as $Miller^{\circ}{\phi}s$ Class II and tenderness to percussion. The probing depth was within the normal limit (<3 mm). Radiographic examination revealed a radiolucent lesion at the apical area and extended to distal aspect of the tooth along the fragment of cemental tear. After root canal treatment, periapical surgery was performed. The bony defect was exposed and then the detached root fragment was removed. Apical root resection and retrograde filling with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) were accomplished and the bony defect was filled with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and covered with biodegradable collagen membrane. Results: After 9-month follow-up, healing of the mandibular right central incisor was uneventful and no swelling, purulence or pain was revealed in the associated area. Probing pocket depth was favorably stable, and the tooth mobility was decreased to the Miller's Class I. Conclusions: Apical cemental tear associated periapical lesion could be successfully treated with removal of the detached cementum in combination with apical surgery and GTR procedure.