• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.73-76
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• 2015

The calcaneal insufficiency avulsion fracture usually occurs in an area of fused apophysis in adults without significant history of trauma or overuse activities. It is an uncommon injury which has been described in patients with complicated diabetes, Charcot neuroarthropathy, amyloidosis with neuropathy, severe osteoporosis, and other conditions. Discussion of the issue of fracture location is still not sufficient. We report on a case of a 50-year-old male who experienced a non-traumatic diabetic calcaneal insufficiency fracture. Intraoperatively, a biopsy specimen was obtained from the exposed fracture site for histological study. We assume that the calcaneal fused apophyseal line is the weak point of failure due to various incomplete mixtures of trabecular bone, woven bone, and cartilaginous tissues, and may fail when repeated tensile stress is imposed.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.157-163
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• 2019

This study is to report the usefulness of ultrasound in diagnosing rib fracture and the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided essential bee venom pharmacopuncture as a treatment of it. A 46-year-old unable to find a fracture by chest radiography was diagnosed it on ultrasound. The patient was applied integrative Korean medical treatments and ultrasound-guided essential bee venom pharmacopuncture at the fracture site for 4 weeks, 18 times total. Numeral rating scale (NRS) was used to evaluate the amount of pain. The chest pain when turning over the body was reduced from NRS 8 to 2 for 4 weeks. The remarkable aspect is that the pain was immediately relieved after phamacopuncture and its effect lasted for 3 hours. This report suggests ultrasound can be useful for diagnosing rib fracture and also helpful for safety and accuracy of pharmacopuncture. Additionally, essential bee venom can be considered one of the methods of treating rib fracture.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 2012

Purpose: Who may dare to state that optimal choice of treating nasal bone fracture is closed reduction? Few decades of authors' experience in nasal bone fracture has lead to believe that more active and assertive approach in nasal bone fracture by performing simultaneous lateral osteotomy may be applied in proper indications to acquire more accurate reduction and cosmetically satisfying result. Methods: From May 2008 to October 2009, among 241 nasal bone fracture patients, 20 patients underwent simultaneous lateral osteotomy with nasal bone fracture reduction. Followed by rigid septal correction, nasal cavity is packed to stabilize the fracture segment for safer osteotomy. Through intranasal incision, in selected cases of difficult reduction or for cosmetic purposes, various types of lateral osteotomy was performed corresponding to the fracture anatomy, conditions of the nasal cavity. Postoperative nasal packing was retained for one week and nasal dorsum splint for 3 weeks. Results: Lateral osteotomy was utilized for difficult cases of closed reduction, for correction of wide nose, hump and deviation in 9, 5, 2, and 4 cases, respectively. Patient satisfaction was scaled 90% in satisfaction and moderate in 10% (2 cases), complaining of mild nasal tip deviation. Physicians detected 2 cases of apparent deformity with patient recognition; one patient with mild step deformity at the osteotomy site and the other patient with minimal implant mobility. Conclusion: By accompanying profound understanding of the fracture anatomy, more active and assertive approach in nasal fracture reduction can be coincide with simultaneous lateral osteotomy to reduce the rate of secondary deformity and to obtain more cosmetically satisfying result.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.223-224
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• 2018

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.201-202
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• 2017

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.273-279
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• 2014

Purpose: This study assessed the association between eye symptoms (enophthalmos or diplopia) and site of damage, volume, deviated inferior rectus muscle (IRM) and type of fracture with computed tomography (CT). The intent is to anticipate the prognosis of orbital trauma at initial diagnosis. Methods: Forty-five patients were diagnosed with fractures of the inferior wall of one orbit. Fracture area, volume of displaced tissue, deviated IRM, and type of fracture were evaluated from coronal CT by one investigator. The association of those variables with the occurrence of eye symptoms (diplopia and enophthalmos) was assessed. Results: Of 45 patients, 27 were symptom-free (Group A) and 18 had symptoms (Group B) of enophthalmos and/or diplopia. In Group B, 12 had diplopia, one was enophthalmos, and five had both. By CT measurement, group A mean area was $192.6mm^2$ and the mean volume was $673.2mm^3$. Group B area was $316.2mm^2$ and volume was $1,710.6mm^3$. The volume was more influential on symptom occurrence. Each patient was categorized into four grades depending on the location of IRM. Symptom occurrence and higher grade were associated. Twenty-six patients had trap-door fracture (one side, attached to the fracture), and 19 had punched-out fracture (both sides detached). The punched-out fracture was more strongly associated with symptoms and had statistically significantly higher area and volume. Conclusion: In orbital trauma, measurement of fracture area and volume, evaluation of the deviated IRM and classification of the fracture type by coronal CT can effectively predict prognosis and surgical indication.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2004.03b
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• pp.113-120
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• 2004

Grouting works in fractured rocks have been performed to reinforce the underground and/or to block ground water flow at the foundation site of dam, bridge and so on. For the efficient grouting design, a prior knowledge of the fracture pattern of underground area to be grouted in very important. For the practical use, aperture sizes of open fractures that will be filled up with grouting materials will be kind of valuable information. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to develop a new technique (so called "GenFT") enable to form a three dimensional image of fracture aperture density distribution from Televiewer data. For this, the study is to focus on dealing with (1) estimating aperture size of each fracture automatically from Televiewer time image, (2) mapping extension of fracture planes on a given section, (3) evaluating aperture density distribution on the section by using both aperture size and fracture face mapping result of each fracture, (4) developing an algorithm that can transfer the previous results to any arbitrary(vertical and/or horizontal) section around the borehole. Since 3D imaging means "a strategy used to form an image of arbitrarily subdivided 2D sections with aperture density distribution", it will help avoid ambiguities of fracture pattern interpretation and hence will be of practical use not only for the design and assessment of grouting works but also for various engineering works. Examples of fields experiments are illustrated. It would seem that this technique might lead to reflecting future trend in underground survey.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.53-58
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• 2001

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of patients with fracture admitted in oriental hospital. Methods : From october 1996 to october 2001, we retrospectively evaluated the simple radiographic proven 8441 patients with musculoskeletal pain in oriental hospital. The patients included 3899 men and 4542 women. All fractures were analyzed in terms of location, age and sex. Results : 1. The fracture rate of radiologic study was relatively high in foot, chest, upper extremity and hand. The frequent fractures were in spine (257 cases), foot (119 cases), upper extremity (83 cases). and chest (68 cases). 2. The male patients with fracture were significantly higher than female in 0-40 years group: in 0-20 years group(8.5 % vs 4.0 %, p<0.01), in 21-40 years group (4.1 % vs 2.6, p<0.05), while female patients with fracture were significantly higher than male patients in more than 60 years group( 10.1 % vs 15.4 %, p<0.01). 3. The incidence of fracture showed significant association with increased age except 0-20 years group(p<0.01). Spine and chest cage in mate, and upper extremity, pelvis, spine, ankle and chest cage in female were significantly higher on older age groups. Conclusion : The overall fracture rate of radiologic study was 6.6 % for patients with musculoskeletal problem admitted in oriental hospital. The distribution of fracture showed significant difference in terms of age, sex and site. So we believe the radiologic study is helpful to evaluate fracture in oriental hospital.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2019

Purpose: We perform an analysis of infection risk factors for fracture patients and confirm that the risk factors reported in previous studies increase the risk of actual infection among fractured patients. In addition, injury severity score (ISS) which is used as an evaluation tool for morbidity of trauma patients, confirms whether there is a relationship with infection after orthopedic fracture surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1,818 patients who underwent fixation surgery at orthopedic trauma team, focused trauma center from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017. Thirty-five patients were infected after fracture surgery. We analyzed age, sex, open fracture criteria based on Gustilo-Aderson classification 3b, anatomical location (upper extremity or lower extremity) of fracture, diabetes, smoking, ISS. Results: Of 1,818 patients, 35 (1.9%) were diagnosed with postoperative infection. Of the 35 infected patients, nine (25.7%) were female and five (14.0%) were upper extremity fractures. Three (8.6%) were diagnosed with diabetes and eight (22.8%) were smokers. Thirteen (37.1%) had ISS less than nine points and six (17.1%) had ISS 15 points or more. Of 1,818 patients, 80 had open fractures. Surgical site infection were diagnosed in 12 (15.0%) of 80. And nine of 12 were checked with Gustilo-Aderson classification 3b or more. Linear logistic regression analysis was performed using statistical analysis program Stata 15 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). In addition, independent variables were logistic regression analyzed individually after Propensity scores matching. In all statistical analyzes, only open fracture was identified as a risk factor. Conclusions: The risk factors for infection in fracture patients were found to be significantly influenced by open fracture rather than the underlying disease or anatomical feature of the patient. In the case of ISS, it is considered that there is a limitation. It is necessary to develop a new scoring system that can appropriately approach the morbidity of fracture trauma patients.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.110-116
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• 1991

Fracture site osteomyelitis begins rarely with an acute event but rather has a subacute onset. It develops almost exclusively in the mandibular region. The treatment principles of mandibular fracture site osteomyelitis are complete removal of inflammatory tissue and drainage, rigid fixation with or without autogenous bone bone graft and specific antibiotic therapy. But hyperbaric oxygen used as a modality in the treatment of intractable osteomyelitis. In this paper, we reported that the three patients who have osteomyelitis accompying secondary in fection after mandibular fracture.