• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.154-158
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• 2020

The Asian crested ibis Nipponia nippon is one of the world's most endangered species. Except for the Sanxii population from China, it is known that all of the crested ibis populations from East Asia have been extinguished. In these days, most of them are being inbred as captive populations in China, South Korea, and Japan, which caused their low expected genetic diversity. Microsatellite markers are well known as a suitable DNA marker for exploring genetic diversity among captive populations of a variety of endangered species. In the present study, ten microsatellite markers were developed for the captive populations of the South Korean crested ibis, which were employed to examine the level of genetic diversity with the two founders from Sanxii, China and the 70 descendants of them. As a result, the mean number of gene diversity, observed heterozygosity, and expected heterozygosity of the captive population were 0.70, 0.84, and 0.70 respectively. It revealed that the captive population of South Korea is as genetically more stable than we expected. In addition, the principal coordinates analysis and genetic structure analyses showed that the captive population of N. nippon can be divided into the two different genetic groups. The developed microsatellite markers here could be helpful for crested ibis conservation in East Asian countries such as China and Japan as well as South Korea.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.406-416
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• 1997

Teacher's satisfaction with school lunch programs run by foodservice(FS) management types were surveyed with questionnaire at 5 middle and 4 elementary schools. The 88 middle and 104 elementary school teachers who participated and schools' FS management were of 5 types : self/conventional, contracted/conventional, contracted/commissary and contracted/dosirak delivery. Most teachers knew correctly their schools' present FS management types and thoroughly understood the main reasons for needing school lunch program with proper nutrition, better taste and balanced diets in addition to the first reason its less work than preparing homelunches. Teacher's satisfactions with their present school FS were high in self/conventional and contracted/conventional and was very low in contracted/commissary and contracted/ dosirak Taste, hygiene, nutrition and dining facilities in turn were pointed out to be improved : firstly hygiene in the self and firstly taste in the contracted. Particularly dining-rooms were found to have narrow space, uncomfortable chairs and tables, unclean, and having unpleasant smells. Teachers observed that the overall students' food habits such as eating more various foods and better table manners through that school lunch programs, particularly the self-managed types were improved. Conclusively most teachers emphasized school lunch programs to be continued and preferred self-managed types and contracted/conventional types as the second best in having less work to manage, better, taste, nutrition and hygiene, less cost and better nutrition education in turn. And they thought school founders should handle the finances needed to newly establish or repair the school FD facilities, otherwise provided with the partial aid of student's parents.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2006

To study the signaling effect of insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-1), transgenic mice containing IGF-1 Receptor (IGF-1R) cDNA fused to metallothionein promoter were produced by DNA microinjection into the pronucleus of mouse zygote. Three founders were produced with transgenic mice containing IGF-1R gene. Transgenic mice lines contained approximately $4{\sim}20$ copies of transgenes per cell and transmission of this gene into the progeny with Mendelian manner were determined. The founder mice were mated with normal mice to produce $F_1$ mice and then $F_2$ mice. Transmission rates of IGF-1R transgene in the progeny mice were $25{\sim}60%$ in $F_1$ generation and $40{\sim}50%$ in $F_2$ generation. The mRNA expression of IGF-1R transgene in liver was analyzed using RT-PCR for IGF-1R gene in liver. When body weights of transgenic pups were measured during 4, 10 and 14 weeks after birth, IGF-1R transgenic mice grew faster than non transgenic littermates. This study indicated that growth regulation by IGF-1 signaling through IGF-1R can be elucidated using IGF-1R transgenic mice.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2018

본 연구는 정부 정보나 공공데이터의 활용과 국민이 체감할 수 있는 서비스를 제공하기 위해 수요자 중심의 서비스 디자인을 활용해 정책 서비스 개발을 혁신하고자 하였다. 2015년 대구지역 동북지방통계청이 운영한 국민디자인단의 사례는 통계청이 보유하고 있는 GIS공간정보에 대한 데이터마이닝과 카드사의 실시간 결제정보를 활용해 예비창업자들을 위한 '창업 의사결정 지원'서비스를 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서비스디자인의 프로세스와 방법론을 채택하였고, 다양한 이해 관계자의 참여를 통해 이루어졌다. 본 연구를 통해 서비스디자인을 기반으로 한 국민디자인단 활동은 정부 정보 공개에 기반 한 공공서비스를 혁신하는데 유효함을 시사한다. 또한, 정부가 정보나 공공데이터를 국민에게 유용한 형태로 공개하거나 개방하고자 할 때 고려할 수 있는 접근 방법으로서 가치 있는 연구로 사료된다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.130-147
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• 2008

1770년대에 스페인의 선교사들이 캘리포니아에서 종교적 의식에 사용할 목적으로 포도를 재배하고 포도주를 생산하기 시작했고, 그로부터 100년이 지난 후 캘리포니아에서 상업적 목적의 포도주 생산이 시작되었다. 미국은 이제 프랑스, 이탈리아, 호주 다음 가는 포도주 생산국이 되었으며, 캘리포니아는 미국 포도주 생산의 95%를 차지하게 되었다. 또한 캘리포니아 포도재배 및 포도주 생산기술은 1970년대 초반부터 세계적인 수준에 이르렀음이 확인되었다. 이러한 캘리포니아 포도주 생산의 중심에는 나파와 소노마가 있다. 나파와 소노마에는 포도재배 및 포도주 생산, 그리고 와인투어 등, 1차, 2차, 3차 산업을 통합하는 의미 있는 와인산업 클러스터가 조성되어 있다. 본 연구는 지역혁신체제론에 입각한 분석틀에 기초하여 나파와 소노마의 와인산업 클러스터의 성장과정과 혁신주체, 그리고 그들이 형성하고 있는 거버넌스를 규명하고, 정책적 시사점을 도출한다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.225-251
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• 2011

이 연구는 우리나라 사회복지조직의 조직성장유형을 알아보고 각 조직성장유형의 조직운영방식을 살펴보았다. 본 연구를 위해서 사회복지서비스 제공 역사가 40년 이상된 사회복지법인의 설립자와 동일 법인에서 20년 이상 근무한 관리자가 연구에 참여하였다. 연구자는 연구에 참여한 20명과의 심층인터뷰, 문헌을 통한 정보수집, 결과에 대한 참여자의 확인과 동료연구자와의 협력적 분석을 진행하였다. 자료분석은 근거이론 방법을 활용하여 총 169개의 개념, 49개의 하위범주 그리고 21개의 상위범주가 유목화되었다. 연구결과 우리나라 사회복지조직의 조직성장유형은 '가족애(家族愛) 실천형', '지역사회변화 유도형', '선도(善導)적 선도(先導)형' 등 3가지 유형이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 우리나라 사회복지조직이 가지고 있는 태생적 특성에 대한 심층적 이해, 사회복지조직성장유형의 이론 구축 그리고 사회복지조직운영에 대한 실천적 함의를 제시하고 있다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2001

The goal of this paper was to examine the qualify zygote-acquiring method for in-vitro culture and the in-vitro culture method of the acquired zygote from a technological perspective. We have reported the results on the introduction of foreign DNAs using the described culturing method. After performing in-vitro and surrogate eggshell culture on a zygote acquired from the abdomen of a hen, 25.8% hatchability was acquired. After microinjecting foreign DNAs into the acquired zygote and performing in-vitro and surrogate eggshell culture using the same method, 13.1∼11.7% hatchability was acquired. Having compared the developments of the control subjects and the experimental subjects, the viability of the experimental subjects on the 4∼5th day of culturing was much lower compared to that of the control subjects. This is a result that shows that the microinjection process of foreign DNAs might have a negative effect on the existence of the embryo; therefore, various technical attempts should be made to minimize such negative effects. Having microinjected foreign DNAs into the zygote of a hen to produce transgenic chickens, 3 transgenic founders were Produced and 70 G1 progeny were produced as a result of the progeny test that had been performed to the present.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.482-486
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• 2007

Basic objective of this research was to compare the milk yield and composition of New Zealand White transgenic rabbit females expressing recombinant human factor VIII (hFVIII) in mammary gland during lactation with that of non-transgenic rabbit females of the same age during 30 days of lactation. Transgenic founders were generated by the microinjection of foreign DNA (mWAP-hFVIII gene construct) into the egg. F1, F2 and F3 generations of transgenic rabbits were obtained after mating of transgenic founder rabbits with non-transgenic rabbits. The amount of milk rejected was measured by weight-suckle-weight method at $10^{th}$, $20^{th}$and $30^{th}$ day of lactation. Quality of milk (content of fat, protein, lactose, dry ash, and some minerals) from transgenic and non-transgenic rabbit was also determined. Comparison of milk yield, determined by weight-suckle-weight method, showed significantly higher (p<0.05) milk production at day 20 of first lactation in non-transgenic females, but on the same day of second lactation higher milk yield was measured in transgenic ones. Significantly higher (p<0.05) content of milk fat and protein was determined in transgenic milk whilst higher content of lactose was found in non-transgenic milk. The content of minerals (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and sodium) did not differ in both experimental and control groups. Our results showed that milk yield and composition of transgenic rabbit females (mammary specific transgenic over-expression of hFVIII) over several generations is only slightly and transiently different from milk yield of non-transgenic females, which had no significant consequence on the litter size and viability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2015

The complex analysis of the pedigree records of Czech Landrace (CLA), Czech Large White-dam line (CLWd), Czech Large White-sire line (CLWs), Duroc (DC), and Pietrain (PN) was performed to determine trends of genetic diversity (GD), and to find the main sources of the GD loss. The total size of the pedigree was 132,365, 391,151, 32,913, 13,299, and 7,160 animals in CLA, CLWd, CLWs, DC, and PN, respectively. Animals born in the years 2011 through 2013 were assumed as the reference population. The average pedigree completeness index for one generation back was 95.9%, 97.4%, 91.2%, 89.8%, and 94.2% for appropriate breeds. Number of ancestors explaining 100% of gene pool was 186, 373, 125, 157, and 37 in CLA, CLWd, CLWs, DC, and PN, respectively. The relative proportion of inbred animals (58%, 58%, 54%, 47%, and 25%), the average inbreeding (2.7%, 1.4%, 2.5%, 3.6%, and 1.3%) and the average co-ancestry (3.1%, 1.6%, 3.3%, 4.2%, and 3.3%) were found over the past decade in analysed breeds. The expected inbreeding under random mating increased during the last 10 years in CLWs and PN and varied from 1.27% to 3.2%. The effective population size computed on the basis of inbreeding was 76, 74, 50, 35, and 83 in 2012 in CLA, CLWd, CLWs, DC, and PN, respectively. The shortest generation interval (1.45) was observed for CLWd in sire to son selection pathway. The longest generation interval obtained PN (1.95) in sire to daughter pathway. The average relative GD loss within last generation interval was 7.05%, 4.70%, 9.81%, 7.47%, and 10.46%, respectively. The relative proportion of GD loss due to genetic drift on total GD loss was 85.04%, 84.51%, 89.46%, 86.19%, and 83.68% in CLA, CLWd, CLWs, DC, and PN, respectively. All breeds were characterized by a high proportion of inbred animals, but the average inbreeding was low. The most vulnerable breeds to loss of GD are DC and PN. Therefore, a breeding program should be more oriented to prevent the increase of GD loss in these breeds.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2015

처음 창업을 하게 되면 성공과 실패의 순간을 맛보게 된다. 창업의 조건은 자신의 적성에 맞는 자금력 있는 입지선정과 강인한 창업가정신 등의 경영전략이 필요하다. 그런데 초보창업자는 부동산 거래에 있어서 이중매매와 같은 불의의 사고가 발생하는 경우가 있다. 우리나라 부동산거래 관행은 체계적인 도움을 받기 어려우며, 법률적으로 해결되었다고 하더라도 피해자의 피해는 그대로 남게 되는 어려운 문제가 발생하게 된다. 따라서 그동안 법률적으로 이중매매를 배임죄 등으로 가해자를 처벌하는 문제를 넘어서 이제는 피해를 입은 피해자에 대한 경영학적 접근을 통한 전략이 필요한 때이다. 부동산의 이중매매와 같은 거래사고에 대하여 초보창업자에게 부동산 거래사고 예방을 위한 경영전략은 어떠한지에 관하여 검토 해 보기로 한다.