• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.649-664
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• 2023

Structural inertial interaction is a representative the effect of dynamic soil-foundation-structure interaction (SFSI), which leads to a relative displacement between soil and foundation, period lengthening, and damping increasing phenomena. However, for a system with a significantly heavy foundation, the dynamic inertia of the foundation influences and interacts with the structural seismic response. The structure-to-foundation mass ratio (MR) quantifies the distribution of mass between the structure and foundation for a structure on a shallow foundation. Although both systems exhibit the same vertical factor of safety (FS_v), the MR and corresponding seismic responses attributed to the structure and foundation masses may differ. This study explored the influence of MR on the permanent deformation and seismic response of soil-foundation-structure system considering SFSI via numerical simulations. Given that numerous dimensionless parameters of SFSI described its influence on the structural seismic response, the parameters, except for MR and FS_v, were fixed for the sensitivity analysis. The results demonstrated that the foundation inertia of heavier foundations induced more settlement due to sliding behavior of heavily-loaded systems. Moreover, the structural inertia of heavier structures evidently exhibited foundation rocking behavior, which results in a more elongated natural period of the structure for lightly-loaded systems.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.1045-1075
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• 2016

Shallow footings are one of the most common types of foundations used to support mid-rise buildings in high risk seismic zones. Recent findings have revealed that the dynamic interaction between the soil, foundation, and the superstructure can influence the seismic response of the building during earthquakes. Accordingly, the properties of a foundation can alter the dynamic characteristics (natural frequency and damping) of the soil-foundation-structure system. In this paper the influence that shallow foundations have on the seismic response of a mid-rise moment resisting building is investigated. For this purpose, a fifteen storey moment resisting frame sitting on shallow footings with different sizes was simulated numerically using ABAQUS software. By adopting a direct calculation method, the numerical model can perform a fully nonlinear time history dynamic analysis to realistically simulate the dynamic behaviour of soil, foundation, and structure under seismic excitations. This three-dimensional numerical model accounts for the nonlinear behaviour of the soil medium and structural elements. Infinite boundary conditions were assigned to the numerical model to simulate free field boundaries, and appropriate contact elements capable of modelling sliding and separation between the foundation and soil elements are also considered. The influence of foundation size on the natural frequency of the system and structural response spectrum was also studied. The numerical results for cases of soil-foundation-structure systems with different sized foundations and fixed base conditions (excluding soil-foundation-structure interaction) in terms of lateral deformations, inter-storey drifts, rocking, and shear force distribution of the structure were then compared. Due to natural period lengthening, there was a significant reduction in the base shears when the size of the foundation was reduced. It was concluded that the size of a shallow foundation influences the dynamic characteristics and the seismic response of the building due to interaction between the soil, foundation, and structure, and therefore design engineer should carefully consider these parameters in order to ensure a safe and cost effective seismic design.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.169-177
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• 2021

In this paper, horizontal seismic responses of a structure built on a sunken mat foundation were compared with those built on a solid embedded mat foundation to investigate the effect of a sunken mat foundation on the horizontal response of a structure. Seismic analyses of a structure laid on the embedded mat foundation were performed by utilizing a pseudo-3D finite element software of P3DASS. Three bedrock earthquake records downloaded from the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center database were scaled to reproduce weak-moderate earthquakes. Weak, medium, and stiff soil layers were considered for the seismic analyses of the structure-foundation-soil system. Parametric studies were performed for foundation radius, foundation embedment depth, and shear wave velocity of a soil layer to investigate their effect on the seismic response spectrum. The study result showed that the design spectrum of a structure built on a sunken mat foundation was similar to that with a solid embedded mat foundation showing a slight difference due to almost the same seismic base motion beneath both embedded foundations.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.508-516
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• 2000

To study the possibility of F.E.M application to vibration and shock response of double stage elastic mounting system with complicated damped foundation structure like common-bed or raft in ships foundation structure model which has complicated damped sandwich cross-section is analyzed first. And then vibration responses experimental results and shock response of double stage elastic mounting system with complicated damped foundation structure like common-bed or raft in ships foundation structure model which adopts the above damped structure as intermediate foundation were compared. As a result it is found that F.E.M could be effectively used in analyzing the vibration and shock response of double and multi-stage elastic mounting system with complicated damped foundation structures.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.125-132
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• 2014

In this study, a series of dynamic centrifuge tests were performed for a soil-foundation-structural interaction system in dry sand with various embedded depths and superstructure conditions. Sinusoidal wave, sweep wave and real earthquake were used as input motion with various input acceleration and frequencies. Based on the results, a natural period and an earthquake load for soil-structure interaction system were evaluated by comparing the free-field and foundation accelerations. The natural period of free field is longer than that of the soil-foundation-structure system. In addition, it is confirmed that the earthquake load for soil-foundation-structure system is smaller than that of free-field in short period region. In contrast, the earthquake load for soil-foundation-structure interaction system is larger than that of free-field in long period region. Therefore, the current seismic design method, applying seismic loading of free-field to foundation, could overly underestimate seismic load and cause unsafe design for long period structures, such as high-rise buildings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.852-857
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• 2003

This paper has the object of investigating natural frequencies of thick plates on inhomogeneous Pasternak foundation by means of finite element method and providing kinematic design data lot mat of building structures. This analysis was applied for design of substructure on elastic foundation. Mat of building structure may be consisdered as a thick plate on elastic foundation. Recently, as size of building structure becomes larger, mat area of building structure also tend to become target and building structure is supported on inhomogeneous foundation. In this paper, vibration analysis or rectangular thick plate is done by use or serendipity finite element with 8 nodes by considering shearing strain of plate. The solutions of this paper are compared with existing solutions and finite element solutions with 4${\times}$4 meshes of this analysis are shown the error of maximum 0.083% about the existing solutions. It is shown that natrural frequencies depend on not only Winkler foundation parameter but also shear foundation parameter.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.285-304
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• 2016

The effects of large rotations and p-delta on the dynamic response of a structure subjected to seismic loading and local uplift of its foundation were analyzed in this work. The structure was modeled by an equivalent flexible mat mounted on a rigid foundation that is supported either by a Winkler soil type or a rigid soil. The equations of motion of the system were derived by taking into account the equilibrium of the coupled foundation-mat system where the structure was idealized as a single-degree-of-freedom. The obtained nonlinear coupled system of ordinary differential equations was integrated by using an adequate numerical scheme. A parametric study was performed then in order to evaluate the maximum response of the system as function of the intensity of the earthquake, the slenderness of the structure, the ratio of the mass of the foundation to the mass of the structure. Three cases were considered: (i) local uplift of foundation under large rotation with the p-delta effect, (ii) local uplift of foundation under large rotation without including the p-delta effect, (iii) local uplift of foundation under small rotation. It was found that, in the considered ranges of parameters and for moderate earthquakes, assuming small rotation of foundation under seismic loading can yield more adverse structural response, while the p-delta effect has almost no effect.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.285-293
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• 2016

Soil-foundation-structure interaction (SFSI) is one of the important issues in the seismic design for evaluating the exact behavior of the system. A seismic design of a structure can be more precise and economical, provided that the effect of SFSI is properly taken into account. In this study, a series of the dynamic centrifuge tests were performed to compare the seismic response of the single degree of freedom(SDOF) structure on the various types of the foundation. The shallow and pile foundations were made up of diverse mass and different conjunctive condition, respectively. The test specimen consisted of dry sand deposit, foundation, and SDOF structure in a centrifuge box. Several types of earthquake motions were sequentially applied to the test specimen from weak to strong intensity of them, which is known as a stage test. Results from the centrifuge tests showed that the seismic responses of the SDOF structure on the shallow foundation and disconnected pile foundation decreased by the foundation rocking. On the other hand, those on the connected pile foundation gradually increased with intensity of input motion. The allowable displacement of the foundation under the strong earthquake, the shallow and the disconnected pile foundation, have an advantage in dissipating the earthquake energy for the seismic design.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.493-501
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• 1999

The vibration modes of resilient mounting system and foundation structure which support diesel engine/generator set and acoustic enclosure walls play an important role in the vibration transmission process. So, it is necessary to perform vibration mode analysis of resilient mounting system and foundation structure. For some reasons, if the vibration modal analysis of resilient mounting system and foundation structure of acoustic enclosure could be simultaneously done by finite element method, it would be very efficient approach. In this paper, vibration modal analysis method using finite element method for multi stage mounting system having n d.o.f model was proposed. Vibration analysis of single and double stage resilient mounting system was performed to verify the validity of the proposed method. Also frequency response results were compared in case of rigid foundation model and finite element foundation model which was compared with experimental modal analysis results.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.99-115
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• 2020

This article deals with the dynamic analysis in pad concrete foundation containing Silica nanoparticles (SiO₂) subject to seismic load. In order to control the foundation smartly, a piezoelectric layer covered the foundation. The weight of the building by a column on the foundation is assumed with an external force in the middle of the structure. The foundation is located in soil medium which is modeled by spring elements. The Mori-Tanaka law is utilized for calculating the equivalent mechanical characteristics of the concrete foundation. The Kevin-Voigt model is adopted to take into account the structural damping. The concrete structure is modeled by a thick plate and the governing equations are deduced using Hamilton's principle under the assumption of higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The differential quadrature method (DQM) and the Newmark method are applied to obtain the seismic response. The effects of the applied voltage to the smart layer, agglomeration and volume percent of SiO₂ nanoparticles, damping of the structure, geometrical parameters and soil medium of the structure are assessed on the dynamic response. It has been demonstrated by the numerical results that by applying a negative voltage, the dynamic deflection is reduced significantly. Moreover, silica nanoparticles reduce the dynamic deflection of the concrete foundation.