• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.651-657
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• 2007

This study was carried out to analyse body configuration and to observe any space between skin and foundation. A special 3D scanner was used to analyze this foundation. Experimental foundations were brassiere, girdle, and all-in-one. Four subjects volunteered, each subject was scanned while wearing foundation and not wearing foundation. Body shape variations were analyzed with an Auto CAD and ScanWax program which analyzes cross section of the skin surface to look for any changes. Height was increased all parts of body, circumference was increased in breast and bust while wearing the foundation. The hip thickness was not increased with wearing the foundation. Therefore this foundation makes people have a different appearance due to unexpected body shape variations. The effects of this foundation should be classified by observing height, circumference, and thickness changes in the body.

• 복식
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• 제43권
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• pp.83-96
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• 1999

The Purpose of this study was to the basic informations about the wearing stagte according to body satisfaction of the middle aged women. For the research method the actual wearing state of the foundation and the degree of body satisfaction were checked by questionaire survey from 350 middle aged women and analyzed 280 sheets. The results were as follows: 1. At the body satisfaction survey the respondent reply lower score about the girth items especially abdominal girth. According to the body shape and age there were meaningful differences. 2. The actual wearing state of the foundation had meaningful differences according to the body shape and age. The most important was about the fit for their bodies. 3. The most important dissatisfaction was about the fit for their bodies. Also there was meaningful differences according to body shape and age. 4. for the result of the feelings of wearing the foundation the feelings of wearing the girdle were more inconvenient than the feelings of wearing the brassiere Also there were meaningful differences according to the body shape and age. older and obeser women feel more inconvenient.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.259-276
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• 1999

An analytical solution for the shape functions of a beam segment supported on a generalized two-parameter elastic foundation is derived. The solution is general, and is not restricted to a particular range of magnitudes of the foundation parameters. The exact shape functions can be utilized to derive exact analytic expressions for the coefficients of the element stiffness matrix, work equivalent nodal forces for arbitrary transverse loads and coefficients of the consistent mass and geometrical stiffness matrices. As illustration, each distinct coefficient of the element stiffness matrix is compared with its conventional counterpart for a beam segment supported by no foundation at all for the entire range of foundation parameters.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.391-406
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• 2019

The aim of this paper was to study the influence of the footing shape and the effect of the roughness of the foundation base on the bearing capacity of shallow foundations on rock masses. For this purpose the finite difference method was used to analyze the bearing capacity of various types and states of rock masses under the assumption of Hoek-Brown failure criterion, for both plane strain and axisymmetric model, and considering smooth and rough interface. The results were analyzed based on a sensitivity study of four varying parameters: foundation width, rock material constant (mo), uniaxial compressive strength and geological strength index. Knowing how each parameter influences the bearing capacity depending on the footing shape (circular vs strip footing) and the footing base interface roughness (smooth vs rough), two correlation factors were developed to estimate the percentage increase of the ultimate bearing capacity as a function of the footing shape and the roughness of the footing base interface.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.61-77
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• 2021

The porosity of functionally graded materials (FGM) can affect the static and dynamic behavior of plates, which is important to take this aspect into account when analyzing such structures. The present work aims to study the effect of the distribution shape of porosity on the free vibration response of simply supported FG plate reposed on the Winkler-Pasternak foundation. A refined theory of shear deformation is expanded to study the influence of the distribution shape of porosity on the free vibration behavior of FG plates. The findings showed that the distribution shape of porosity significantly influences the free vibration behavior of thick rectangular FG plates for small values of Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundation parameters.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1993

연약지반상에 댐이나 제방과 같은 토질구조물을 성토할 경우에는 구조물 뿐만아니라 기초지반에도 상당히 큰 변형이 일어나게 된다. 그러므로 성토에 의하여 최종적으로 형성된 토공단면은 연약기초지반에 놓여있는 형태가 아니라 제체의 일부가 연약점토지반 내로 치환된 형태가 된다. 본 연구에서는 축조재의 Dumping에 의하여 발생하는 치환깊이와 축조후 토공단면의 변형형태를 추정하고자 하였으며 제시된 이론과 수치해석 결과를 검증하고자 모형실험을 수행하였다. 또한 보강재 부설에 따른 보강효과도 관찰하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.74-85
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• 2024

Offshore wind turbines are supported by various foundations, each with its considerations in design and construction. Gravity, monopile, and suction bucket foundations encounter geotechnical issues, while jacket and tripod foundations face fatigue problems. Considering this, a gravity foundation based on a steel skirt was developed, and a monopile foundation was analyzed for Pile-Soil Interaction using the p-y curve and 3D finite element method (3D FEM). In addition, for suction bucket foundations, the effects of lateral and vertical loads were analyzed using 3D FEM and centrifuge tests. Fatigue analysis for jacket and tripod foundations was conducted using a hotspot stress approach. Some hybrid foundations and shape optimization techniques that change the shape to complement the problems of each foundation described above were assessed. Hybrid foundations could increase lateral resistance compared to existing foundations because of the combined appendages, and optimization techniques could reduce costs by maximizing the efficiency of the structure or by reducing costs and weight. This paper presents the characteristics and research directions of the foundation through various studies on the foundation. In addition, the optimal design method is presented by explaining the problems of the foundation and suggesting ways to supplement them.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2019

본 연구는 지반 위 얕은 기초의 지지력에 대한 특성을 파악하기 위하여 지반 조건, 기초 크기, 기초 형상 등의 다양한 조건에 대하여 3차원 유한요소해석을 수행하여 기존의 지지력 이론과 비교 검토하였다. 유한요소해석 결과 극한지지력은 기초크기에 따라 지지력이 거듭제곱이나 로그 식으로 차츰 수렴하였고, 지반강도가 증가할수록 지지력 증가가 커지지 않는 직선적인 변화를 보였다. 기존 지지력 이론과 비교한 결과 순수모래는 지지력 비($q_{FEA}/q_{theory}$)가 Terzaghi식의 결과와 가장 유사하였다. 순수점토는 약 0.4~0.6, 일반토사는 0.3~1.3 정도로 산정되었고, 지반강도가 증가할수록 지지력 비가 감소하면서 1.0 이하로 나타났다. 기초 크기에 따른 지지력을 1.0m 기초의 지지력으로 정규화시킨 지지력 비($q_u/q_{u(1.0)}$)는 순수모래에서 ${\phi}=25^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $35^{\circ}$일 때 이론식의 35%, 15%, 5% 정도로 산정되었고, 순수점토는 크기 효과가 없었으며, 일반토사는 지반강도가 작은 경우에 순수모래의 이론식에 대해 약 10% 이하로 나타났다. 지반강도 증가에 따른 지지력 비는 내부마찰각의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 기초형상별 지지력 비에 따른 형상계수는 기초형상에 따라 다르게 나타났고, 원형기초는 1.5, 정사각형 기초는 1.3, 직사각형 기초와 연속 기초는 1.1~1.0의 형상계수를 나타내었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.363-376
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• 2007

A FE-BE procedure is presented for dynamic analysis of concrete arch dams. In this technique, dam body is discretized by finite elements, while foundation rock is handled by three dimensional boundary element formulation. This would allow a rigorous inclusion of dam-foundation rock interaction, with no limitations imposed on geometry of canyon shape. Based on this method, a previously developed program is modified, and the response of Morrow Point arch dam is studied for various ratios of foundation rock to dam concrete elastic moduli under an empty reservoir condition. Furthermore, the effects of canyon shape on response of dam, is also discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2017

The behavior of moment resistant steel structures depends on both the beam-column connections and columns foundations connections. Obviously, if the connections can meet the adequate ductility and resistance against lateral loads, the seismic capacity of these structures will be linked practically to the performance of these connections. The shape memory alloys (SMAs) have been most recently used as a means of energy dissipation in buildings. The main approach adopted by researchers in the use of such alloys is firstly bracing, and secondly connecting the beams to columns. Additionally, the behavior of these alloys is modeled in software applications rarely involving equivalent torsional springs and column-foundation connections. This paper attempts to introduce the shape memory alloys and their applications in steel structural connections, proposing a new steel column-foundation connection, not merely a theoretical model but practically a realistic and applicable model in structures. Moreover, it entails the same functionality as macro modeling software based on real behavior, which can use different materials to establish a connection between the columns and foundations. In this paper, the suggested steel column-foundation connection was introduced. Moreover, exploring the seismic dynamic behavior under cyclic loading protocols and the famous earthquake records with different materials such as steel and interconnection equipment by superelastic shape memory alloys have been investigated. Then, the results were compared to demonstrate that such connections are ideal against the seismic behavior and energy dissipation.