• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.155-158
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• 2000

Flow defect of a piston-pin for automobile parts is investigated in this study. In cold forging of piston-pin Lapping defect a kind of flow defect appears by the dead metal zone. This appearance evidently happens in products with a thin piercing thickness for the dimension accuracy and the decrease of material loss. The best method that can prevent flow defect is removing dead metal zone. The finite element simulations are applied to analyze the flow defect. This study proposed processes for preventing flow defect by removing dead metal zone. Then the results are compared with the experiments for verification. These FE simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental ones.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.273-276
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• 2010

In this paper, back pressure forging processes of which back pressures are exerted by mechanical forces including spring reaction are simulated by three-dimensional finite element method. The basic three-dimensional approach extended from two-dimensional approach is accounted for. An axisymmetric backward and forward extrusion process having a back pressing die, which is exposed to oscillation of forming load due to variation of reduction ratios with stroke and its related frequent variation of major deforming region, is simulated by both two and three dimensional approaches to justify the presented approach by their comparison. A three-dimensional forging process having a back pressing die attached to the punch by a mechanical spring is simulated and the results are investigated to reveal accuracy of the presented approach.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.4 s.75
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• pp.457-466
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• 1999

It has been reported that skeletal relapse and dental change after mandibular setback do occur not only after intermaxillary fixation(IMF) removal but also during IMF The side effects of skeletal relapse during IMF have clinical importance because they can cause many Postoperative orthodontic Problems. Generally, the Prevention of solid union between segments, compensatory tooth movement, anterior openbite, etc. have been cited as the side effects of jaw displacement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the skeletal relapse and dental change during IMF. The material consisted of 28 patients who were treated by BSSRO(bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy), wire osteosynthesis, IMF for correction of mandibular prognathism. Through cephalometric analysis, the amount and direction of surgical movement, skeletal relapse and dental change during IMF were measured. The correlation between surgical movement and skeletal relapse, between skeletal relapse and dental changes were evaluated. The following conclusions were obtained; 1. Distal segment was repositioned backward and upward, proximal segment showed clockwise rotation during surgery. 2. During ]m, anterior portion of distal segment was displaced backward and posterior portion was displaced upward. Proximal segment was displaced upward with forward movement of p-Go(gonion of proximal segment). Backward surgical movement of p-GO was significantly correlated with forward displacement of p-Go. 3. Overjet and overbite were not changed during IMF. The compensatory tooth movements during IMF were characterized by retroclination of upper incisors md retroclination, extrusion of lower incisors. These compensatory tooth movements had statistically significant correlation with upward displacement of d-Go (gonion of distal segment).