• 대한방사선치료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한방사선치료학회 2003년도 제1차 학술발표회
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• pp.14-15
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• 2003

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.45-59
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• 1989

This study was undertaken to analyze the displacement and stress distribution in the mandible according to the pulling directions during mandibular first molar cervical traction after mandibular second molar extraction. The 3-dimensional finite element method(FEM) was used for a mathematical model composed of 594 elements and 1019 nodes. An orthodontic force, 450 gm, was applied to the each mandibular first molar in parallel, and below the occlusal plane by $7^{\circ}\;and\;25^{\circ}$ and meet the midsagittal plane by $40^{\circ}$ toward posterior direction. The results were as follows: 1. Mandibular teeth were displaced in more downward, posterior and lateral direction. Especially high stress was noted in case of parallel pull than in case of below the occlusal plane by $7^{\circ}\;and\;25^{\circ}$. 2. Mandibular first molar was moved bodily. 3. Generally, alveolar bone, mandibular body, ascending ramus and mandibular angle portion were displaced in downward, posterior and lateral direction. But coronoid process was displaced in downward, forward and lateral direction, and anterior and inner middle portion of condyle head and neck were displaced in downward, forward and medial direction, and posterior and outer middle portion of condyle head and neck were displaced in upward, forward and medial direction. 4. Maximum stress was observed at the condyle head and neck portion. With steeper direction of force, condyle head and neck showed more stress than parallel relation to the occlusal plane.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the differences between the muscle activity of cranio-cervical flexion and extension muscles according to the types of tools used through a short-term intervention of cranio-cervical static stabilization exercises using small tools. METHODS: A total of fifteen male and female adults in their 20s who showed forward head posture in the overall body posture measurement system participated in this study. Each subject performed cranio-cervical static stabilization exercises about flexion and extension while using a sling, a foam roller, a TOGU ball, and without tools separately, and the muscle activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, scalenus anterior and splenius capitis was measured. Each value was measured for 10 seconds a total of three times. The maximum voluntary isometric contraction value was computed using the average during the middle four seconds. RESULTS: Cranio-cervical flexion exercises using various tool types, the average activity of the sternocleidomastoid and scalenus anterior muscles was significantly higher when applying the TOGU ball (p<.05). According to the results of implementing cranio-cervical flexion exercise using various tools, the maximum muscle activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was significantly higher for the TOGU ball (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Based on these results, the provision of an unstable surface using small tools rather than a stable surface is recommended as an exercise scheme for proprioceptive stimulation in a forward head posture. Particularly, we recommend using the TOGU ball for the provision of an unstable surface to increase the muscle activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and scalenus anterior.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effects of neck and trunk combined exercise program and single exercise on neck angle and neck and shoulder muscle activity. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: In the single exercise group, the basic stretching, head bending and neck bending exercises were performed. The neck and trunk combined exercise group performed torso strength and trunk stability exercises to stabilize the trunk, and then performed the same neck exercise as the single exercise group. The exercise program was conducted 5 days per week for 2 weeks. One-way repeated ANOVA was used to investigate the statistical analysis of neck angle, neck and upper and middle trapezius muscle activity. Results: 1) There was no significant difference in neck angle degree after exercise in neck single exercise group. 2) In the neck and trunk combined exercise, the neck angle degree decreased continuously with the increase of the experimental period and showed a significant difference. 3) In the single exercise group, the muscles which showed significant difference compared to the post-exercise were the right upper, left and right middle trapezius. 4) In the neck and trunk combined exercise group, the right neck muscles showed significant difference after the exercise before the experiment. Conclusion: It was found that the neck and trunk combined exercise was more effective in reducing neck angle and the muscle activity of the subjects with forward head posture was decreased and increased. However, both exercises showed positive effects.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of device considering Mckenzie type for the subjects with forward head posture (FHP). METHODS: The subjects were 35 patients with FHP (mean age was $23.7{\pm}2.8$ years; mean height; $172.1{\pm}11.7$, mean weight; $65.8{\pm}13.9$, mean NDI(Neck Disability Index; $3.7{\pm}3.2$, mean FHP; $6.7{\pm}2.2$). We measured the posture with the Body style S-8.0(LU Commerce, South Korea) to evaluate the FHP. We collected the surface EMG(Myosystem 1400, Noraxon, USA) data to quantify changes in normalized activation levels of muscles in SternoCleidoMastoid muscle(SCM), Scalenus Anterior(SA), Trapezius upper fiber(TU) and Splenius Cervicis(SC), during the subjects were instructed to glide their head into a "chin-in" position for a retraction without and with device. RESULTS: The condition with device significantly decreased the %RVC of SA($90.84{\pm}40.54$), SCM($74.98{\pm}43.65$) and TU($67.60{\pm}47.83$) compared to the condition without device(SA;$100.39{\pm}56.32$, SCM;$119.03{\pm}109.26$, Trapezius;$80.55{\pm}39.27$). But the %RVC of capitis($65.87{\pm}47.83$) with device was increased($70.82{\pm}52.78$). There was significant difference in the %RVC between SCM and Trapezius muscle in two conditions. CONCLUSION: New device for FHP reduces the EMG activities of the TU, SCM and SA muscle. We have to develop the function of feedback to facilitate the motion in the future.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of non-elastic and elastic tapes on pain, craniovertebral angle, and balance in forward head posture (FHP) patients. METHODS: A total of 44 adults with FHP were randomly assigned to a group that performed a stretching exercise after non-elastic taping (n = 22) and another group that performed the stretching exercise after elastic taping (n = 22), respectively. The stretching exercise was performed five times a week for 30 minutes per session. The visual analogue scale was used to compare neck pain, the craniovertebral angle was measured to compare alignment, and the limit of stability was measured to compare balance. RESULTS: The groups that performed the stretching exercise after both elastic and non-elastic taping showed significant positive changes in pain and the craniovertebral angle of the head in pre- post measurements (p < .05). In the follow-up test for the pain and craniovertebral angle, there was no significant difference from the post-test in the non-elastic group (p > .05), but a significant difference was seen in the elastic group (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Stretching exercises with taping for patients with a FHP are more effective in improving pain and alignment. However, the short-duration tape application did not affect the balancing ability. When the non-elastic tape was used, the effect lasted longer than that of the elastic tape, and pain relief was effective in the case of the elastic tape. Therefore, tape therapy would be more effective if customized according to the patient's condition.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2000

To elucidate pressure pain threshold of pericranial muscle due to involuntary. the effect of 30 min or forward head position(FHP) was studied in 20 patients with episodic tension-type headache and in 20 control without headache. Pressure pain thresholds were recorded before and after the FHP. and evaluated by pressure algometry. Thresholds increased in the patients and control after FHP. Relation between thresholds in patients anf control before FHP were not significant differences, but thresholds increased in patients after FHP. So, involutary muscle contraction due to FHP may be effect pressure pain threshold or pericranial muscle.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2023년도 제67차 동계학술대회논문집 31권1호
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• pp.173-175
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• 2023

최근 좌식생활과 컴퓨터사용의 증가로 전방머리자세 가진 젊은 성인이 증가하고 있으며 이를 개선하기 위한 슬링 뉴렉기법을 적용한 복합운동의 효과를 알아보고자 실시되었다. 이 연구의 결과 운동군에서 통증, 목뼈 앞굽은각, 중력중심선에서 유의한 감소가 나타났다(p<.001). 이러한 결과는 슬링뉴렉을 적용한 복합운동이 억제된 근육에 신경근 활성화와 근육의 재교육을 통해 통증 및 목뼈정렬에 긍정적인 역할을 한 것으로 생각되며 전방두부자세 개선을 위한 효율적인 중재 방법이 될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2023년도 제68차 하계학술대회논문집 31권2호
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• pp.305-307
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• 2023

본 연구는 전방머리자세 대학생을 대상으로 목뼈안정화운동이 머리뼈척추각, 깊은목굽힘근 지구력 및 뒤통수밑근 근긴장도의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 이 연구 결과 CSEG에서 CVA, DNFET에서 유의하게 증가하였으며 뒤통수근 근긴장도에서는 경직도에서만 유의하게 감소하였다. 목뼈 안정화운동은 목뼈의 중립자세를 유지하면서 깊은목 굽힘근 활성화되고 근지구력이 향상되었으며, 턱을 당기는 동작으로 튀통수근의 경직이 감소한 것으로 생각된다. 또한 지구력 증가시키고 근 긴장도에 감소는 통증을 조절함에 있어서도 도움이 될 것이다. 따라서 목뼈안정화운동은 깊은목굽힘근과 뒤통수근의 개선을 위한 중재방법임을 확인할 수 있었으며, 전방머리자세 예방하기 위해 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2024년도 제69차 동계학술대회논문집 32권1호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2024

이 연구의 목적은 EMG 바이오피드백을 이용한 가로막 호흡 재교육 운동이 전방머리자세 성인의 들숨 기능의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 이연구 결과 EBDBEG에서 최대들숨압(PIP) 유의하게 증가하였다(P<.0.5). 따라서 바이오피트백을 적용한 시각적 되먹임을 통해 가로막호흡운동 시 보다 정확하게 가로막의 수축과 이완의 움직임을 인지하고 호흡 보조근을 억제를 유도할 수 있을 거라 생각되며 좀 더 장시간의 적용은 호흡기능 및 전방머리자세에도 긍정적인 역할을 할 것이다.