• 제목/요약/키워드: Forward equation

검색결과 216건 처리시간 0.031초

어드조인트 연산으로서의 역시간 구조보정 연산자 유도 (Derivation of Reverse-Time Migration Operator as Adjoint Operation)

  • 지준
    • 지구물리와물리탐사
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.111-123
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    • 2007
  • 본 논문에서는 파동장 외삽(wavefield extrapolation)의 방향을 단순히 역시간(reverse time)으로 하여 적용하는 기존의 역시간 구조보정법(reverse time migration method)이 아닌, 묵시적으로 가정된 순방향 모델링(forward modeling) 연산자에 대한 정확한 어드조인트(adjoint) 연산자로서의 역시간 구조보정 연산자를 유도한다. 어드조인트 연산자를 얻는 방법으로는 우선 해당하는 순방향 연산자를 명시적인 행렬식의 형태로 정의하고 이에 대한 전치행렬식을 구한 후, 이러한 전치행렬식에 해당하는 연산자를 정의하는 접근법을 사용하였다. 정확한 어드조인트 관계에 있는 역시간 구조보정 연산자는 기존의 역시간 구조보정 연산자와 마찬가지로 구조보정의 목적으로 사용될 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 최소자승 구조보정(Least-squares migration)과 같은 역산을 통해서 지하구조 영상화를 할 때 필요로 하는 어드조인트 연산자를 정확하게 구현 할 수 있어 보다 정확한 역산 결과를 얻게 해준다.

트랩을 통한 열적 천이와 터널링 천이를 동시에 고려할 수 있는 새로운 터널링 모델에 관한 연구 (New Tunneling Model Including both the Thermal and the Tunneling Transition through Trap)

  • 박장우;곽계달
    • 전자공학회논문지A
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    • 제29A권8호
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    • pp.71-77
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    • 1992
  • According to increasing the doping concentration in p-n junction, a tunneling current through trap as well as SRH(Shockley-Read-Hall) generation-recombination current in depletion region occurs. It is the tunneling current that is a dominant current at the forward bias. In this paper, the new tunneling-recombination equation is derived. The thermal generation-recombination current and tunneling current though trap can be easily calculated at the same time because this equation has the same form as the SRH generation-recombination equation. For the validity of this equation, 2 kind of samples are simulated. The one is $n^{+}$-p junction device fabricated with MCT(Mercury Cadmium Telluride, mole fraction=0.29), the other Si n$^{+}-p^{+}$ junction. From the results for MCT $n^{+}$-p junction device and comparing the simulated and expermental I-V characteristics for Si n$^{+}-p^{+}$ junction, it is shown that this equation is a good description for tunneling through trap and thermal generation-recombination current calculation.

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QR 분해와 채널 분해법을 이용한 비선형 격자 알고리듬 (Nonlinear Lattice Algorithms using QRD and Channel Decomposition)

  • 안봉만;백흥기
    • 전자공학회논문지B
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    • 제32B권10호
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    • pp.1326-1337
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    • 1995
  • In this paper, we transformed the bilinear filter into an equivalent linear multichannel filter and derived QR decomposition based recursive least squares algorithms for bilinear lattice filters. We also defined order update relation of the forward and the backward input vectors by using the channel decomposition. The forward and the backward data matrices were defined by using the forward and the backward input vectors and orthogonalized with the QR decomposition. we can obtain the lattice equations of the bilinear filters by using the channel decomposition. we can be derived the lattice equations of the bilinear filters using this decomposition process which are the same as the lattice equations derived by Baik, we can use the coefficient transformation algorithm proposed by Baik. We derived the equation error and the output error algorithm of the QRD based RLS bilinear lattice algorithm. Also, we evaluated the performance of the proposed algorithms through the system identification of the bilinear system.

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보조 스위치를 사용한 ZVS Two-Switch 포워드 컨버터에 대한 연구 (A Study of ZVS Two-Switch Forward Converter Using Auxiliary Switch)

  • 정민혁;김용;엄태민;이규훈;이동현
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
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    • pp.965_966
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    • 2009
  • In this paper, a new soft-switching Two-switch Forward converter topology has been proposed. Compared with conventional two-switch forward converter, the proposed converter employs an auxiliary switch and a clamp capacitor to instead of two reset diodes, not only its duty cycle can exceed 0.5 to achieve wide range input voltage, but also soft switching can be achieved for all switches. Especially, voltage stress across main switches can be clamped at $1/2V_{in}$, voltage stress across auxiliary switch can be clamped at $V_{in}$. In addition, due to clamp capacitor series with the transformer, duty ratio can be extended with equation $V_o=\frac{V_{in}(1-D}D{N}$. Therefore, as a kind of better cost-effective approach, it is very attractive for high input, wide range and high efficiency application.

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한 개의 선형 여유센서를 갖는 스튜어트 플랫폼의 실시간 순기구학 (Real-Time Forward Kinematics of the 6-6 Stewart Platform with One Extra Linear Sensor)

  • 이태영;심재경
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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    • pp.541-547
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    • 2000
  • This paper presents the closed-form forward kinematics of the 6-6 Stewart platform of planar base and moving platform. Based on algebraic elimination method and with one extra linear sensor, it first derives an 8th-degree univariate equation and then finds tentative solution sets out of which the actual solution is to be selected. In order to provide more exact solution despite the error between measured sensor value and the theoretical one, a correction method is also used. The overall procedure requires so little computation time that it can be efficiently used for realtime applications. In addition, unlike the iterative schemes e.g. Newton-Raphson, the algorithm does not require initial estimates of solution and is free of the problems that it does not converge to actual solution within limited time. The presented method has been implemented in C language and a numerical example is given to confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of the developed algorithm.

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히스테리시스를 고려한 유한요소법과 회로 방정식을 이용한 포워드 컨버터의 동작특성 해석 (Characteristics Analysis of a Forward Converter by Finite Element Method Considering Hysteresis and State Variables Equation)

  • 박성진;권병일;박승찬
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 A
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    • pp.6-8
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    • 1999
  • This paper presents a method to analyze a forward converter. A transformer is coupled with the forward converter electric circuit and then the finite element analysis considering a hysteresis phenomenon of magnetic core is carried out when the primary or the reset winding conducts current. The analytical method is used to reduce the computation time when the reset winding circuit of the transformer turns off. As a result, the simulation results show a good agreement with experimental ones.

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Controlling of ring based structure of rotating FG shell: Frequency distribution

  • Hussain, Muzamal
    • Advances in concrete construction
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2022
  • Based on novel Galerkin's technique, the theoretical study gives a prediction to estimate the vibrations of FG rotating cylindrical shell. Terms of ring supports have been introduced by a polynomial function. Three different laws of volume fraction are utilized for the vibration of cylindrical shells. Variation frequencies with the locations of ring supports have been analyzed and these ring supports are placed round the circumferential direction. The base of this approach is an approximate estimation of eigenvalues of proper functions which are the results of solutions of vibrating equation. Each longitudinal wave number corresponds to a particular boundary condition. The results are given in tabular and graphical forms. By increasing different value of height-to-radius ratio, the resulting backward and forward frequencies increase and frequencies decrease on increasing length-to-radius ratio. There is a new form of frequencies is obtained for different positions of ring supports, which is bell shaped. Moreover, on increasing the rotating speed, the backward frequencies increases and forward frequencies decreases.

해안구조물 전면의 Stem Wave 특성에 관한 연구 (Effects of Stem Wave on the Vertical Breakwater)

  • 박효봉;윤한삼;류청로
    • 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국해양공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.138-143
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    • 2001
  • Based on mild slope equation and parabolic approximation the forward diffraction of monochromatic waves by a straight breakwater are studied numerically. The characteristics and effects of stem wave along breakwater and the relations between the stem wave and incident wave angle are discussed.

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원료불출기의 역기구학 : 여유자유도와 구속조건을 이용한 닫힌 형태의 해 (Inverse Kinematics of a Serial Manipulator : Redundancy and a Closed-rom Solution by Exploting Geomertiric Constraints)

  • 홍금식;김영민;최진태;신기태;염영일
    • 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.661-665
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    • 1996
  • An inverse kinemetics problem of a reclaimer which digs and transports ironstones or coals in the raw yard is investigated. Because of the special features of the reclaimer of which scooping buckets are attached around the rotating drum at the end of boom, kinematic redundancy occurs in determining the joint varialbes For a given reclaiming point in space the forward kinematics yields 3 equations, however the number of involved variables in the equations are four. A plane equation approximating the surface near a reclaiming point is obtained by considering 8 adjacent points surrounding the reclaiming point. One extra equation to overcome redunduncyis further obtained from the condition that the normal vector at a reclaiming point is perpendicular to the plane. An approximate solution for a simplified problem is first discussed, Numerical solution for the oritinal nonlinear porblem with a constraint equation is also investigated. Finally a closed form solution which is not exact but sufficiently close enough is proposed by exploiting geometric constraint.

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Numerical Solution of the Radiation Problem by the B-Spline Higher Order Kelvin Panel Method for a Half-Immersed Cylinder in Wave and Current

  • Hong, Do-Chun
    • 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국해양공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.184-188
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    • 2000
  • The improved Green integral equation of overdetermined type applied to the radiation problem for an oscillating cylinder in the presence of weak current is presented. A two-dimensional Green function for the weak current is also presented. The present numerical solution of the Improved Green integral equation by the B-spline higher order Kelvin panel method is shown to be free of irregular frequencies which are present in the usual Green integral equation.

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