• 벤처창업연구
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2015

지식정보사회의 출현으로 기업은 지식정보에 대한 중요성을 인식하고 지식을 창출, 이전 및 활용하는 지식경영에 많은 관심을 갖고 있다. 특히 중소기업은 대기업에 비해 자본과 전문인력이 부족하기 때문에 지식경영의 활성화를 통해 변화에 대응하려는 노력이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중소기업의 관리시스템과 지식경영활동의 관계를 실증분석하며, 그러한 관계에서 조직구조의 조절효과를 살펴보고자 한다. 실증 분석을 위한 자료수집은 강원 영서지역에 입지한 227개 중소기업에 대한 설문의 배부 및 회수를 통해 이루어졌다. 관리시스템이 지식경영에 미치는 효과 및 조직구조로서 분권화와 공식화의 조절효과를 분석한 결과, 최고경영층지원과 교육훈련은 지식획득과 지식이전에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 관리시스템(최고경영층지원, 보상체계, 교육훈련)과 지식경영의 관계에서 분권화와 공식화의 조절효과에 대한 분석결과 분권화는 교육훈련이 지식이전에 미치는 긍정적 효과를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 공식화는 최고경영층지원과 보상체계가 지식획득에 미치는 긍정적 효과를 감소시키며, 보상체계가 지식이전에 미치는 긍정적 효과도 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 최고경영층지원과 교육훈련이 지식획득과 지식이전에 긍정적 영향을 미친다는 점에서 최고경영층은 구성원들의 제안이나 아이디어 창출을 장려하고, 수평적 의사소통채널을 활성화하여 생성된 지식과 정보가 구성원들에게 폭넓게 전파되도록 하는 것이 필요하다. 그리고 교육훈련을 업무상 아이디어 창출과 관련된 기법을 습득하도록 하며, 교육훈련 이후의 전파교육을 통해 지식생성과 지식이전을 촉진하도록 설계할 필요가 있다. 분권화는 관리시스템이 지식경영활동에 미치는 긍정적 효과를 촉진하는데 반해 공식화는 긍정적 효과를 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 권한위임과 재량권 위양을 통한 분권화를 지향하고, 규정과 절차에 따르기 보다는 조직간소화를 추진함이 바람직하다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was designed to measure the level of professional autonomy regarding physical therapists and to determine the association of organizational and occupational characteristics of the profession with its professional autonomy. Methods: We utilized a structured questionnaire survey of physical therapists (280 persons) in Jeju province. Data were collected from June 25 to July 14 in 2012. An additional 173 (63%) of them were used in the final analysis. Using PASW 18.0, descriptive and Hierarchical Linear Model were performed. Results: Regression analysis Result of Factors influencing Physiotherapist Professionalism, refresher training course (t=4.27), formalization (t=3.13), task significance (t=3.39), and autonomy (t=4.17) had a positive effect. Autonomy (${\beta}$=0.33) and formalization (${\beta}$=0.33) exerted the greatest influence. Conclusion: The survey regarding organizational and job characteristics showeds that occupational reeducation, formalization, and self- regulation constitute a positive part of what the professional autonomy is to be upheld. Results of the survey imply that in order to establish professional autonomy for the profession of physical therapist, the organization must make various efforts to beef up the exclusive knowledge and technology, and professional norms of the occupation that are considered essential for specific problem solving.

• 한국유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유통학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.53-83
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• 2005

본 연구는 중국 화장품 시장에서 외국계 공급업체와 자국내 소매업체간 관계의 질에 영향을 미치는 변수들을 규명하는데 초점을 맞추었다. 연구대상은 중국 상하이 지역에서 외국 화장품 공급업체와 주로 거래하고 있는 뷰티샵으로 선정하였다. 연구결과, 거래 파트너의 신뢰형성은 상대방에 대한 결속을 강화하고 있다. 신뢰에 영향을 미치는 변수는 공급업자의 능력, 관시, 문화적 민감성으로 나타났다. 결속에 영향을 미치는 변수는 공식화, 공급업체의 거래특유투자 및 문화적 민감성으로 나타났다. 공식화가 신뢰에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 가설은 기각되었다. 관시가 신뢰에는 긍정적인 영향을 주지만 결속에는 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.247-265
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• 2015

Mathematics textbook plays a significant role in shaping students' learning of mathematics. Logic, rigor and abstraction as typical features of the formalization of mathematics, dominate mathematics textbooks around the world, which is regarded as one of the important origins of students' learning difficulties in mathematics. An innovative series of Chinese mathematic textbooks is presented in this paper. Supported by the supplementary materials excerpts from the textbooks, it gives a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the principles of design and implementation of this series of mathematics textbooks. The effectiveness of this series of textbooks is demonstrated by student achievement and secondary research data. It shows that series of Chinese mathematic textbooks has largely decreased students' learning difficulties in mathematics and enhance classroom teaching efficiency. It suggests that prioritizing the essence of mathematics and reducing abstraction is an important notion for mathematics textbook design and implementation.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2009

This study has investigated the effects of promoting and inhibiting factors on information sharing between buyers and sellers in Korean distribution industry. Based on intensive literature reviews, eight promoting factors(satisfaction, relational norms, trust, commitment, fairness, formalization, participation, transaction specific investment) and five inhibiting factors(opportunism, environmental uncertainty, conflict, concentration, monitoring) were included in the research model. For the purpose of empirical testing, 320 respondents of retailers in Korea were surveyed and the analysis utilizing structural equation model indicated that satisfaction, relational norms, trust, commitment, fairness, formalization, and participation had positive effects on information sharing. And concentration and monitoring had negative effects on it. However transaction specific investment, opportunism, conflict, and environmental uncertainty had no significant effects.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제21권47호
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• pp.11-23
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• 1998

Many empirical research surveys have supported that Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is influnced by or closely related with leadership styles. The first purpose of this study is to review the relationship between 2 leadership styles(employee-centered style, job-centered style) and 2 OCB factors(altruism, conscientiousness) as a criterion variable, and the second and primary purpose is to test the moderating effects of structural factors(formalization, centralization) and personal factors(growth needs, sex, age, tenure, rank, occupation, school career) between 2 leadership styles and 2 OCB factors. For the analytical purpose of this article, Fisher's Z-transformation and SGC(split groups correlations) methods were introduced. Generally 2 leadership styles are found to influence on altruism and conscientiousness respectively. Out of 36 cases, only 2 cases were significant in moderating effects. Based on empirical results, there is no moderating effects in conscientiousness. But altruism is found to more closely related with employee-centered leadership in low centralized group than on high centralized group, and more closely related with job-centered leadership in low growth-needs group than in high growth-needs group.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.197-211
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• 2000

Despite the increasing pervasiveness of electronic commerce, very little empirical research has been done to examine its use in organizational contexts. Based on theories from the technological innovation literature, we developed an integrated model of electronic commerce initiation, adoption and implementation in Korea. We selected a random sample of 500 Korean leading companies. A questionnaire survey examined factors in initiation, adoption, and implementation of electronic commerce. Independent variables of this research were environment uncertainty, organizational characteristics(namely, organizational size, centralization, and formalization), and information system maturity. The resultant study sample included 62 firms across the industries. The empirical tests of the hypotheses were performed. According to our findings, environmental uncertainty, centralization, formalization, and information system maturity have a significant effect on the electronic commerce initiation, adoption and implementation.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.75-95
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• 2006

This study attempted to determine the influence of organizational structure on the novelty preference for corporate meeting destination choice. The three dimensions of structure incorporated were formalization, centralization and complexity. A total of 75 corporate meeting planners drawn from public listed services organizations were involved. The main method of data collection was questionnaire survey and multiple regression analysis was employed as the main statistical technique. The results revealed that both formalization and centralization were negatively correlated with novelty preference while complexity was positively correlated. However, only complexity contributed significantly to the prediction of novelty preference for corporate meeting destination choice. The main implication of this study is pertaining to the segmentation and targeting of the corporate meeting market. This study helped in bridging the gap between tourism marketing and organizational research. It also contributed by developing the measurement for novelty preference from the context of experiential marketing.

• 약학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.223-229
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• 1984

Microcapsules of indomethacin were prepared by the complex coacervation technique using gelatin-gum arabic as the wall-forming material. The effects of varying drug-to-matrix ratios and formalization time, and hydroxy propyl cellulose (HPC) added on the release of drug from microcapsules were studied. As the amount of wall-forming material increased, the drug content in the microcapsules decreased and the release of drug from microcapsules was retarded. The drug content was lower in the HPC added microcapsules than that in the microcapsules was retarded. The drug content was lower in the HPC added microcapsules than that in the microcapsules without HPC and the microcapsules with 1:4 drug-to-matrix ratio showed the slowest release. The release rate of the drug from microcapsules with 1:2 drug-to-matrix was delayed according to the increase of formalization time and the microcapsules formalized for 24hr showed ratio the most retardation.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.102-123
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• 1993

This study investigates effcts of HMO internal structural arrangements on performance, specially cost reduction measured by hospitalization rate. This study formulates formalization, centralization measured by decision-making participation, differentiation, and coordination as structural factors, considering coordination as an intermediate factor between the rest of structural factors and hospitalization rate. The commonly used HMO types is assumed not effective in explaining performance differences. For the empirical test, I use bootstrap regression analyses with 48 HMOs. The results of the analyses show that HMO types fail to explain differences in hospitalization rate. However, dicision-making participation and differention effectively reduce hospiatalization rate, while frmalization increases hospitalization rate and coordination has nonessential effect on hospitalization rate. And, formalization and decision-making participation positively contribute to achieve coordination in HMO. These findings suggest that the theoretical framework derived from rational-citingency theory of formal organization better explains performance differences of HMOs than HMO types.