• Trans-
• /
• v.14
• /
• pp.65-92
• /
• 2023

The knowledge of the narrative agent not only constitutes the content and meaning of the narrative itself, but is also closely related to the emotional response of the recipient. Also, the disparity of knowledge between narrative agents is an important factor in making a narrative richer and more interesting. But It tends to be treated as a sub-topic of narration theory or genre/style studies rather than an independent subject of narrative studies or criticism. In this paper, I propose a model that can systematically and quantitatively analyze the knowledge of narrative agents. The proposed model consists of the knowledge structure that represents a narrative, the knowledge state that expresses the knowledge of narrative agent as a degree of belief, and the knowledge flow that means changes in the knowledge state according to the development of events. In addition, the formal notation of the knowledge structure and a probabilistic inference model that could obtain the state of knowledge were proposed, and the knowledge structure and knowledge flow were analyzed by applying the model to the actual narrative. It is expected that the proposed model will be of practical help in the creation and evaluation of narratives.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2015.10a
• /
• pp.660-661
• /
• 2015

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a nascent technology in Korea, and currently lacks formal guidelines to assist Architectural and Engineering (AE) firms in estimating BIM service fees, while also allowing government agencies to allocate budgets for the rendered BIM services. This research provides a method to estimate costs for BIM services based on the cost-plus pricing framework. The approach requires a generalized estimate of the man hour per floor area data to calculate the direct labor costs. Man-hour data were collected from forty five projects that have implemented BIM. Interpolation of the man-hours was performed to develop a general reference table for 'Type 2' (i.e., public schools and office buildings, etc.) projects. By providing an objective approach for estimating the costs of BIM services, it allows clients and AE firms to agree upon a fair cost for BIM related services, and thus expedite its adoption in Korea.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.128-133
• /
• 2024

Painting, as an artistic creation with aesthetic characteristics, is inseparable from "shape". "Modeling" is a subjective way of expressing objects, and "black shape" is not only a way of expression, but also a way of composition. "Black shape" is a way of expressing the overall picture of the creator, and "black shape" extracted from the pattern analysis of black and white gray structure is a powerful means to deeply explore the emotions and thoughts of the painter. How to create the expression of subjective intention in the creation of artificial figure painting and to explore the beauty of picture form and the presentation of formal language in multiple dimensions is always sought by painters. Tang Dynasty political stability, economic and cultural development of unprecedented prosperity, "Toujian Diu" as a representative painting of Tang Dynasty, the figure is plump and realistic, colorful but elegant. It not only represents the aesthetic taste of the Tang Dynasty, but also reflects the overall style of the Tang Dynasty's artificial figure painting. The aim of this paper is to explore the value of "black shape" in "Toughen Diagram" and analyze its multi-component form in depth.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2024

Existing PoS (Point of Sale) based payment frameworks are vulnerable as the Payment Application's integrity in the smart phone and PoS are compromised, vulnerable to reverse engineering attacks. In addition to these existing PoS (Point of Sale) based payment frameworks do not perform point-to-point encryption and do not ensure communication security. We propose a Smart and Secure PoS (SSPoS) Framework which overcomes these attacks. Our proposed SSPoS framework ensures point-to-point encryption (P2PE), Application hardening and Application wrapping. SSPoS framework overcomes repackaging attacks. SSPoS framework has very less communication and computation cost. SSPoS framework also addresses Heartbleed vulnerability. SSPoS protocol is successfully verified using Burrows-Abadi-Needham (BAN) logic, so it ensures all the security properties. SSPoS is threat modeled and implemented successfully.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 2015

Modeling and control of human-involved manufacturing systems poses a huge challenge on how to model all possible interactions among system components within the time and space dimensions. As the manufacturing environment are getting complicated, the importance of human in the manufacturing system is getting more and more spotlighted to incorporate the manufacturing flexibility. This paper presents a formal modeling methodology of affordance-based MPSG (Message-based Part State Graph) for a human-machine collaboration system incorporating supervisory control scheme for flexible manufacturing systems in automotive industry. Basically, we intend to extend the existing model of affordance-based MPSG to the real industrial application of humanmachine cooperative environments. The suggested extension with the real industrial example is illustrated in three steps; first, the manufacturing process and relevant data are analyzed in perspectives of MABA-MABA and the supervisory control; second, the manufacturing processes and task allocation between human and machine are mapped onto the concept of MABA-MABA; and the last, the affordance-based MPSG of humanmachine collaboration for the manufacturing process is presented with UMLs for verification.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.347-357
• /
• 2012

While it is generally possible to install curved panels manufactured in a factory within the permitted error range on an irregular surface frame of concrete or steel, it is difficult and expensive. Freeform architecture is thus designed and constructed differently from formal buildings. In order to more easily and inexpensively actualize freeform architecture, Building Information Modeling (hereinafter referred to as BIM) has recently been applied in the construction industry. However, the related research and case analyses are not sufficient to identify the implications and contributions of freeform buildings in future similar projects. Therefore, this research will study design and construction methods for freeform surfaces, particular the concrete surface frame of freeform buildings based on BIM, focused on the Tri-Bowl project. This study attempts to analyze the pros and cons of each method for the concrete surface frame of the Tri-Bowl, and then presents the lessons learned and implications related to the design and construction process of the freeform architecture. Several implications for design and construction of concrete surface frame of the freeform building, the Tri-Bowl, are found. The first is that manufacturing and installation of a curved concrete frame is precisely performed based on the exact numerical values of materials and installation made using BIM 3D technologies, such as CATIA and Rhino. The second is that close and continuous collaboration among the different participants in the construction of the Tri-Bowl allowed them to cope with virtual conditions. The third is that design and construction processes have changed, and high quality of the surface frame of a freeform building is required.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.1148-1161
• /
• 2017

The success of a business process management system stands or falls on the quality of the business processes. Many experiments therefore have been devoting considerable attention to the modeling and analysis of business processes in process-centered organizations. One of those experiments is to apply the probabilistic theories to the analytical evaluations of business process models in order to improve their qualities. In this paper, we excogitate a conceptual way of applying a probability theory of proportions into modeling business processes. There are three types of routing patterns such as sequential, disjunctive, conjunctive and iterative routing patterns in modeling business processes, into which the proportion theory is applicable. This paper focuses on applying the proportion theory to the disjunctive routing patterns, in particular, and formally named proportional information control net that is the formal representation of a corresponding business process model. In this paper, we propose a conceptual approach to discover a proportional information control net from the enactment event histories of the corresponding business process, and describe the details of a series of procedural frameworks and operational mechanisms formally and graphically supporting the proposed approach. We strongly believe that the conceptual approach with the proportional information control net ought to be very useful to improve the quality of business processes by adapting to the reengineering and redesigning the corresponding business processes.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.31 no.7
• /
• pp.869-882
• /
• 2004

This paper proposes an effective method to create logically consistent and structured requirement model by applying consistency control approach of the formal method to the use-case modeling. This method integrates the multi-perspective scattered requirement segments that may overlap and conflict each other into a structured requirement model. The model structure can be analyzed based on context goal and concerned area overlap analysis. The model consistency can be achieved by using specification overlap-based consistency checking method as an integration vehicle. An experimental application to case study shows that the Proposed method can successfully identify requirement overlaps and inconsistency. It can also transfer multi-viewpoint requirement segments into a consistently integrated use-case model to clarify software behaviors and functionality This method helps users to enhance capability to identify specification inconsistency in the use-case modeling at the early stage of software engineering development. The proposed approach can also facilitate communication between users and developers to ensure customer satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 2010

While both functional verification and performance evaluation of a system are necessary for the development of effective and reliable communication systems, they have been usually performed individually through functional modeling with formal language tools and performance modeling with professional network performance evaluation tools, respectively. However, separate and duplicated modeling of a system may cause increase of the cost and inconsistency between the models. In order to overcome this problem, this paper proposes an integrated design technique that estimates the performance of a communication protocol designed in SDL with SDL-OPNET co-simulation. The proposed technique presents how to design a co-simulation system with the environment functions of Tau and the external system module of OPNET. InRes protocol was used as an example to show the applicability and usefulness of the proposed technique.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.29 no.10
• /
• pp.703-725
• /
• 2002

It is well recognized that component-based development (CBD) is an effective approach to manage the complexity of modem software development. To achieve the benefits of low-cost development and higher productivity, effective techniques to maximize component reusability should be developed. Component is a set of related concepts and objects, and provides a particular coarse-grained business service. Often, these components include various message flows among the objects in the component, called 'business workflow`. Blackbox components that include but hide business workflow provide higher reusability and productivity. A key difficulty of using blackbox components with business workflow is to let the workflow be customized by each enterprise. In this paper, we provide techniques to model the variability of family members and to customize the business workflow of components. Our approach is to provide formal specification on the component variability, and to define techniques to customize them by means of the formalism.