• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2022

This study investigated the effects of participation in a forest therapy program on ego-resiliency and interpersonal relationships to strengthen the independent capabilities of children requiring protection. The participants were divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=87; age, 16.40±1.90 years) and control group (n=90; age, 16.97±1.39 years). The study was conducted from July to August 2020. The experimental group participated in a forest therapy program operated by the National Center for Forest Therapy, Yeongju, for 2 nights and 3 days, whereas the control group lived routine life. The participants' ego-resiliency and interpersonal relationships were tested at the beginning and end of the forest therapy program. In the experimental group, ego-resiliency was improved and interpersonal relationships were significantly altered. Therefore, forest therapy programs may serve as effective interventions that can positively affect the social adaptation and growth of protected children into healthy adults.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2023

In 2022, our investigation focused on exploring the macrofungal diversity in South Korea. Through the examination of morphological characteristics and ITS sequences of the rDNA, we successfully identified four unrecorded species (Laccaria striatula, Leotia atrovirens, Malvipezia emileia, Xerula strigosa). Detailed morphological descriptions, accompanied by photographs and molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2022

Purpose: Smoking is a way of coping with anxiety and stress. This study aimed to identify the effects of forest-thermal combined therapy on anxiety and depression in smokers who desire to quit smoking. Methods: Thirty participants were included in the study, 15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group. Those in the experimental group participated in a three-day forest-thermal combined therapy program. The program includes forest walks, meditation and thermal therapy in the charcoal kiln. Results: Before and after the program, physiological indicators such as cortisol, heart rate variability, and serotonin anxiety level using the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), and stress level using the psychosocial well-being index (PWI) were measured in both groups. The differences in STAI (p=.012) and PWI (p=.006) scores between the experimental and control groups were statistically significant. However, cortisol, heart rate variability, and serotonin were not significantly different between the two groups after the program. Conclusion: These results show that forest-thermal combination therapy effectively reduces anxiety and stress in smokers. It suggests that forest-thermal therapy can potentially increase smoking cessation rates.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.260-268
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• 2021

This study was conducted to grasp users' preferences and behavior of forest paths and to provide basic data for forest path construction in the future. Among forest path users, males and females over 20 years old were surveyed on forest path preferences, motives for visiting, using time and distance, companions, and sources for obtaining information on forest paths. A total of 587 people participated in the questionnaire, and cross-analysis was conducted simultaneously using the SPSS statistical program. In analyzing the preference of forest paths, it was found that male and the general public preferred trekking path for activities while female and foresters preferred forest path for relaxation and healing (p<0.05). As for the motives for visiting forest paths, the response that they visited for a walk/rest was the highest in gender, occupation, and age group. As for the number of annual visits, less than 5 was the highest in overall, and foresters tended to visit forest path more often than the general public, and the number of visits to the forest paths increased with age (p<0.01). The most common route to acquire information about forest paths is the Internet, while the Internet use is relatively low in those over 60s (p<0.05). The response ratio of accompanying their family in visiting forest paths were the highest, while the response in their 20s and 60s was the most in accompanying their friends (p<0.05).

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.565-574
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• 2018

Previous studies have shown that forest therapy program can help prevent dementia. However, few studies have focused on low-income elderly people living alone. The current study examined the meanings that the elderly living alone receiving medical care assigned to the urban forest therapy program, as a way to understand the pathways that nature-based intervention affect preventing dementia. Twenty-one participants were recruited and they participated in a five-week urban forest therapy program. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 21 participants who experienced the urban forest therapy program, and analyzed qualitative data using thematic analysis. Results showed that all themes identified were related to connectedness with oneself, neighbors and nature. Awarenesses of change were consisted of positive and negative themes. The themes of positive awareness were improvements of mental and emotional condition, feelings of isolation and loneliness, and health-related lifestyle. The negative themes were terminations of short-term programs and inconvenient access to the urban forest. Based on these data, we suggest an urban green welfare framework for future research and interventions for preventing dementia of underprivileged elderly group.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

본 연구는 숲의 종류에 따른 이용자의 생리적 효과를 분석하기 위하여 실시하였다. 숲은 편백나무숲, 졸참나무숲, 소나무 숲으로 구분하고, 실험대상 집단은 고혈압 환자(64명), 당뇨병 환자(59명) 및 일반인(59명)으로 구분하여 생리적 반응을 측정하였다. 생리적 반응은 뇌파, 심박 변이, 혈압, 맥박, 코티졸, 혈압 등을 지표로 선정하였다. 전체 피험자의 생리적 반응으로 숲의 스트레스 완화효과를 분석한 결과, 졸참나무숲은 중추신경계, 자율신경계, 내분비계 측면에서 다른 숲에 비하여 높은 스트레스 완화효과를 기대할 수 있다. 편백나무숲은 자율신경계를 제외한 지표에서, 소나무숲은 내분비계와 자율신경계 일부 지표에서 스트레스 완화에 기여할 수 있다. 그러나 소나무숲은 스트레스 완화효과에 있어서 상대적으로 효과가 적다. 고혈압 환자는 효과의 정도 측면에서 소나무숲보다 편백나무숲과 졸참나무숲에서 체류할 때 높은 혈압 강하의 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 당뇨병 환자는 혈당저하의 효과측면에서는 모든 숲이 효과적이나 특히, 졸참나무숲에서 체류하는 것이 높은 효과를 경험할 수 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was conducted to provide scientific and effective information on phytoncides, which are associated with forest healing, and to activate recreational forests. Methods: The target sites were natural recreation forests, a forest park and an arboretum, and the control sites were three urban parks. The samples were collected at a volume of 6.0 L and a flow rate of 0.1 L/min for one hour using a low volume pump and the solid adsorbent sampling method. The phytoncide compounds adsorbed in the Tenax TA tube were analyzed by a automatic heat desorption unit and GC-MS. Results: By type of recreational forest, the annual concentrations of phytoncide (monoterpene) for the forest park showed the highest concentration with $1.450{\mu}g/m^3$, while those for the arboretum showed the lowest concentration at $0.892{\mu}g/m^3$, and thus the concentration of the forest park was approximately 1.6 times higher than the arboretum. The season showing the highest concentration of phytoncides was summer (June) and the forest park was the highest among the recreational forests. The concentrations of major components for phytoncide showed in descending order: ${\alpha}-pinene$, ${\beta}-pinene$, camphene, 3-carene and limonene. The seasonal concentration of ${\alpha}-pinene$, camphene and ${\beta}-pinene$ by type of recreational forest increased in April, which is characterized by low temperature and humidity, and the seasonal concentration of camphene decreased with higher humidity. The meteorological factors which had the high correlation with the concentration of total terpene were temperature and humidity. $CO_2$ and $O_2$ showed an inverse correlation. Conclusion: The major components of phytoncide were ${\alpha}-pinene$, ${\beta}-pinene$, camphene, 3-carene and limonene in descending order of concentration. Further and systematic study on the chemical nature of individual phytoncides, and on the effect of phytoncides on humans needs to be performed.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.299-319
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• 2016

The National Forest Inventory (NFI) is important for providing fundamental data for basic forest planning and the establishment of forest policies for the purpose of implementing sustainable forest management. The purpose of this study is to present the development of Korea's NFI including legal basis, sampling design, and measured variables and to review the usage of NFI data. The survey methods and forestry statistics among the Unites States, Canada, Japan, China, and European countries were briefly compared. Total 140 publications utilizing NFI data between 2008 and 2015 were categorized with 15 subjects. Korea has conducted the NFI 6 times since 1971, but only the $6^{th}$ NFI is comparable with the fifth, the previous NFI, because the permanent sampling plots have been shared between the periods. The Korean Forestry Statistics contains only half as many variables as that of advanced countries in Forestry. More researches were needed to improve consistent measurement of diverse variables through implementation of advanced technologies. Additional data for Forest Health Monitoring since the NFI $6^{th}$ must be under quality control which will be an essential part of the inventories for providing the chronological change of forest health.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.82-92
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• 2013

본 설계안은 경상남도 창원시 성산구 삼정자동 555번지 일대에 건립예정인 부지의 면적 약 $79,743.1m^2$의 경상대학교병원 주변 옥외공간 설계의 기본계획안이다. 이 설계안의 목적은 환자의 회복과 일반 대중의 웰빙(well-being)을 돕고, 지역사회에 기여하며 주변 환경을 존중하는 생태적인 공간을 조성하는데 있었다. 이 목적을 위하여 세 가지 설계 목표가 설정되었는데, 첫 번째는 경관의 치유기능을 높이는 것이고, 두 번째는 생태적으로 재생이 가능한 경관을 조성하고, 세 번째는 그 지역의 특성을 반영한 경관의 미적인 가치를 드러내는 것이었다. 먼저 치유의 기능을 강화하기 위해서 주변의 양호한 수림대와 연계를 하고, 치유의 기능이 있는 식물재료를 선별하여 식재하고, 다양한 감각 치유원, 명상의 공간, 약초원 등 치유프로그램을 공간에 도입하였다. 또한, 많은 연구에서 병원의 공간조성에 있어서 환자의 프라이버시가 중요하다고 강조한대로 환자의 유형과 일반인들을 고려하여 공간과 동선을 구분하는 것을 고려하였다. 생태적인 환경을 조성하기 위해서는 기존의 소나무 숲과 지형을 보존하고, 부지내로 연장할 것을 제안하였으며, 또한 자연 수체계를 복원하고, 그 물을 재활용하여 조경 등의 용수로 사용하게 하였다. 마지막으로 이용자의 미적인 체험을 위해서는 주변 상록수림에 대비하는 활엽수와 각종 초화류를 식재하여 계절감을 강화시키고, 열매가 열리는 수종을 배치하여 산새가 날아들고 동물이 찾아오는 "자연속의 치유공간"이라는 분위기를 연출하였다. 더불어 모든 공간과 시설물은 유니버설 디자인 원칙에 따라 계획 및 설계되어 환자들에게 장애물이 없는 환경을 제공하려 하였으며, 생태적이고 경제적이며 관리가 용이한 유지관리를 위하여 지속가능한 관리계획을 제안하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2013

Objectives: A great number of people visit forests for their bountiful healing factors. We investigated the quantity of terpene and analyzed the correlations with meteorological and environmental factors at Mt. Mudeung in order to support public health. Methods: The terpene amounts were investigated along 11 main trails using stainless steel tube packed by Tenax TA (150 mg) and Carbopack B (130 mg) during March to November 2012. Terpene amounts of 20 species (${\alpha}$-pinene, camphene, etc.), and meteorological and environmental factors were investigated in the field. Results: Terpene of 16 species was released from the forest and total terpene amounts were 2,080 pptv at the site of Chamaecyparis obtusa, the highest among 11 sites, nearby the first reservoir on Mt. Mudeung. Terpene concentrations in the forest were nine to 23 times higher than found in urban areas. Total terpene amounts had positive correlations with temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide and oxygen (p<0.01) with $R^2$ of 0.345, 0.369, 0.591, 0.145, respectively, from April to July. Wind speed and solar radiation in the forest had a negative correlation with terpene amounts and showed statistical insignificance with p-values of 0.118 and 0.233, respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that the amounts of terpene around Mt. Mudeung are indeed higher, so visitors may enjoy a therapeutic walk in the forest with a healing effect. These results showed the forest was very effective for improving human health.