• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2021

In this study, classification models were built using machine learning techniques that can classify the soil creep risk into three classes from A to C (A: risk, B: moderate, C: good). A total of six machine learning techniques were used: K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Extreme Gradient Boosting and then their classification accuracy was analyzed using the nationwide soil creep field survey data in 2019 and 2020. As a result of classification accuracy analysis, all six methods showed excellent accuracy of 0.9 or more. The methods where numerical data were applied for data training showed better performance than the methods based on character data of field survey evaluation table. Moreover, the methods learned with the data group (R1~R4) reflecting the expert opinion had higher accuracy than the field survey evaluation score data group (C1~C4). The machine learning can be used as a tool for prediction of soil creep if high-quality data are continuously secured and updated in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.117-118
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 산불현장 대응인력 역량강화와 관련하여 국내 산불현장 대응인력에 대한 분석을 실시하였으며 인터뷰와 현장조사 등을 통해 국내산불 대응사례를 조사하고 문제점과 개선점을 파악하였다. 이와 같은 조사를 토대로 산불 대응에 대한 개선점을 제시하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.115-116
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• 2022

최근까지 강원도 일대에서는 산불재난으로 큰 곤욕을 치렀다. 본문의 표1의 자료에서 나와 있듯이 2000년대 이후 대한민국은 지속적인 산불재난으로 인해 세대에 걸친 중대한 피해를 입고 있는 실정이다. 이에 따라, 산불재난을 바라보는 인식의 변화가 필요할 것이며, "불가피성의 자연재해"라는 사후조치성 위주의 기존인식을 확장하여 사전조치성 예방 및 준비단계에 관심을 기울일 필요성이 있다고 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.6 s.78
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• pp.55-63
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• 2006

Rapid economic growth in Korea, on the other side, has generated increase of multiple complex dangers. To take off dangers scattered in the Korean society and to conduct safe society for better life, it is needed to develop social safety index. Social safety index analyzed by time series could compare and estimate various social disasters, thus it act as the foundation to set up safety policy. The research has focused on 8 social safety indexes; natural disaster, fire, traffic accident, crime, industry accident, forest fire, collapse and explosion, and environmental pollution. To find out Korean society safety index analyzed by time series, the research analyzed changes of each safety indexes in 10 years since 1994. Looking at the changes of each indexes, traffic accident showed the most improvement overall the nation, with industrial accident and collapse and explosion rating second and third place. However, crime, fire and natural disaster get worse, and especially crime has turned worsened than any other divisions.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.70-75
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• 2003

The east coast of Kangwon province has been suffering from natural disaster like wildfire and flooding. In April 2000, there has been a great wildfire in this area. Many forest was burnt out, the mountain was bared. Furthermore, on 31st August,2002 typhoon RUSA attacked the area with heavy rainfall of about 315 mm/day, which resulted in 178 deaths and extensive damage to the property, In this regard, our study was focused on the assessment of the factors of flooding damage considering wildfire disaster. Most of results for our study are derived from practical investigation in the east coast of Kangwon province.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.3
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• pp.391-396
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• 2010

To analyze the characteristics of canopy fuel in Pinus densiflora stand, which is essential to assess the crown fire hazard, allometric equations for estimation of crown fuel biomass were developed by subjectively categorized crown fuel component and crown bulk density was analyzed by available fuel component categories. Ten trees were destructively sampled at Pinus densiflora stand in Mt. Palgong in Daegu and their crown fuels were weighed separately for each fuel category by size classes and by living and dead. Regression equations that estimate crown fuel load by diameter at breast height(D) or additional total height(H) were derived. The adjusted coefficient of determination values were the highest (${R^2}_{adj}$=0.835-0.996) and standard error of estimate were the lowest (SEE=0.074-0.638) in the allometric equation lnWt=${\alpha}+{\beta}lnD+{\gamma}lnH$ in average. However, in needles and small branches categories, the differences in ${R^2}_{adj}$ and SEE between equations were not significant. Crown bulk density (CBD), which was calculated by crown fuel load divided by crown volume, was 0.067 kg/$m^3$ in average when only needles were considered as available crown fuel and 0.097 kg/$m^3$ when needles and branches (0-0.5 cm diameter) were considered. The increments of CBD of needles and small branches were little even when diameter at breast height increased.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.3
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• pp.290-296
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• 2009

In this study, we considered the combustion of the various herbs in youngdong areas such as festuca ovina, isodeon japonicus, oplismenus undulatifolius, pueraria thunbergiana, and cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense using the ignition temperature tester, cone calorimeter, smoke density chamber. We confirmed that the range of ignition temperature was $400{\sim}455^{\circ}C$ and the time to ignition and flameout were not recorded. The total heat release of isodeon japonicus was highest and the smoke release of festuca ovina was highest, and the yield of CO and $CO_2$ of pueraria thunbergiana, and cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense were highest among the samples. As a result, we concluded that isodeon japonicus will impact the fire intensity and fire spread and festuca ovina, pueraria thunbergiana, and cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense will influence the refuge.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.439-449
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• 2023

This study was conducted to verify the role of forest roads in the extinction of large forest fires in Korea. The study area was the forest fire-damaged area of Gangneung City, Gangwon Special Self-Governing Province, in April 2023, which is one of the areas with the highest road density among the major forest fires that have occurred so far. The scope of the forest fire damage area was confirmed through on-site survey, and the intensity of the fire was carried out through Sentinel-2 satellite imagery analysis. After that, the relationship between the damage range and intensity and the forest road was examined. About 59.6 km of roads were built within 50 m from the boundary of the forest fire damage area, which can easily access the entire 149.1 ha of forest fire damaged area. The road density is as high as 168.9 m/ha. All forests that were fragmented by roads were fragmented into 83 places, and all of these forests could be judged to have spread by spotting fire. As a result of analyzing the distribution of damage intensity by distance from the road to see the extent of damage according to the ease of access of fire extinguishing vehicles, it was confirmed that the proportion of areas with low-intensity damage has increased sharply even from 75 m or more away from the road. The results of analyzing the distribution of damage intensity by altitude to see the extent of damage according to the ease of access of fire extinguishing showed that the proportion of areas with low-intensity damage increased as the altitude increased, while the proportion of areas with damage of more than strong intensity decreased as the altitude increased. It was confirmed that there is no data that roads inside or adjacent to forests in the forest fire area of Gangneung City are effective in extinguishing forest fires. These results are contrary to the logic that increasing the road density in forests is effective in extinguishing forest fires. In the case of this fire area in Gangneung City, the road density is 43 times higher than the current road density in Korea claimed by the Korea Forest Service of 3.9 m/ha. This study suggests that roads can be a hindrance to extinguishing forest fires.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.31-39
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyse the hazard risk by examining the magnitude and severity of each type of hazard in order to mitigate and prepare for disasters in medical facilities. Methods: The hazard risk analysis for hazard types was surveyed for team leaders of medical facilities. The questionnaire analyzed data from 27 facilities, which were returned from 41 Local Medical Centers. Results: When looking at the 'Risk' by category type of hazard, the influence of health safety and fire/energy safety comes first, followed by natural disaster, facility safety, and crime safety. On the other hand, as for 'Magnitude', facility safety and crime safety come first, followed by health safety, fire/energy safety, and natural disasters. Most of the top types of disaster judged to have high hazard in medical facilities are health types. The top five priorities of hazard in medical facilities, they are affected by the geographical and industrial conditions of the treatment area. In the case of cities, the hazard was found to be high in the order of infectious disease, patient surge, and wind and flood damage. On the other hand, in rural areas, livestock diseases and infectious diseases showed the highest hazard. In the case of forest areas, the hazard was high in the order of wildfire, fire accident, lightning, tide, earthquake, and landslide, whereas in coastal areas of industrial complexes, the hazard was high due to fire, landslide, water pollution, marine pollution, and chemical spill accident. Implications: Through the research, standards will be established for the design of hospitals with disaster preparedness, and will contribute to the preparation of preemptive measures in terms of maintenance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.436-440
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• 2011

본 연구는 산불발생에 따른 온실가스 배출량 추정을 위한 기초 data 제공에 주안점을 두고 산림연료를 대상으로 연소실험을 수행하였다. 연료의 대상은 참나무(굴참, 떡갈, 신갈, 갈참, 졸참, 상수리)를 대상으로 부위별(생엽, 가지, 수피) 채취하여 사용하였으며, 콘칼로리미터를 이용하여 $CO_2$ 배출량을 분석하였다. 중량 50g의 연료 기준에 대한 $CO_2$ 배출량은 생엽 42.38~95.41g, 가지 82.92~113.10g, 수피 72.64~100.70g 정도 범위에서 $CO_2$를 배출하는 것으로 나타났다. 부위별 평균배출량을 살펴보면, 생엽 72.10g, 가지 101.88, 수피 86.46g 정도의 값을 보여 가지부위가 가장 많은 $CO_2$를 배출하는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 또한, $CO_2$를 상대적으로 많이 배출한 수종으로는 상수리나무인 것으로 나타났다.