• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.554-562
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• 2022

Humans technological advancements have resulted in the depletion of whale resources. Accordingly, the International Whaling Commission was established to preserve whale resources and ensure the orderly development of the whaling industry. After a commercial whaling moratorium came into effect, the international trade of whale meat and related products was banned. However, There is a systematic activity through illegal remodeling ships because whales incidentally caught may be distributed in Korea and have a significant economic benefit. Although suspected illegal whaling is actively cracked down, but it is still insufficient to prevent illegal whaling and distribution. To prevent this, stereoscopic crackdowns utilizing air forces and patrol ships are effective, and it is necessary to quickly separate the captured ship and crew to prevent the destruction of evidence. For the transparent distribution of whale meat, it is necessary to advance related technologies such as whale species identification and individual identification of forensic science institutions based on whale DNA database of the National Institute of Fisheries Science. Accordingly, the Korea Coast Guard Research Center is directly conducting research on related national R&D project. To increase the efficiency of identifying whale-related evidence at crime scene, a rapid test kit that responds specifically to whale bloodstrains is developing and evidence transport packs are manufacturing and distributing, while identification technologies are also being advanced.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.75-97
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• 2022

Profiling is recognized as a representative application area of domestic criminal psychology, and the National Police Agency profiler is firmly established as a profession. However, compared to the social awareness, the recognition and utilization within the police is not high. In this study, we tried to identify factors affecting the intention to use profiling by identifying the perception of investigators who request and use profiling from a profiler when a violent incident occurs. To this end, the relationship between the perception of the importance of factors considered by investigators in the criminal investigation process and the attitude toward profiling on the intention to use profiling was verified through the path model. As a result of a survey of 340 police investigators, the investigator's perception of the importance of investigation elements was divided into two factors: the importance of normative investigative elements (evidence collection and legal judgment, etc.) and factual investigative elements (criminal analysis, criminal information system analysis, etc.). Among them, the importance of factual investigative elements were found to have a positive effect on the intention to use it by mediating the attitude toward profiling. On the other hand, in the case of the importance of normative investigative elements, it was found to have a negative effect on the attitude toward profiling. These results suggest that the perception that investigators have about investigation, which is their main work area, plays a role in determining whether to request profiling as well as attitude towards profiling. Based on the research results, strategies necessary to activate the use of profiling were discussed.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.235-246
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• 2009

The analyses of minor and trace elements in glass debris were performed using LA-ICP-MS in order to identify manufacturers using real commercial samples. At first, a calibration curve was made using standard glass samples of NIST 610, 612, 614 and 616. $^{29}Si$ was used as an internal standard, and the ratios of metal/Si for each metal were compared with their concentrations. Based on elements in each sample and standard materials, 24 metals were quantified and the LOD in analysis, according to the blank sample, was in the range of 0.11 mg/kg (Ti)-4.91 mg/kg (Ca). Eleven samples from two manufacturers were collected and five sub-samples were taken from each sample for analysis. 15 elements (Co, Ce, Ca, Mn, Sr, Ba, Li, Rb, U, La, Th, Na, Al, Zr and Hf) were selected to identify manufacturers because some elements (Cu, Cr, Cd and Ni) were below the detection limit and some elements (Ti, Pr, Mg, Nb, Nd) were absent in the analysis of standards and others (Pb and Sn) had a problem of homogeneity. The attempts to identify manufacturers and the manufacturing period were performed through a triangular diagram. In the manufacturer discrimination by discriminant analysis, a canonical discriminant function was made based on Mn, Ce and Rb, and each sample could be identified.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-51
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• 2019

The understanding of law and science as fundamentally different two systems, in which fact stands against justice, rapid progress against prudent process, is far too simple to be valid. Nonetheless, such account is commonly employed to explain the tension between law and science or justice and truth. Previous STS research raises fundamental doubts upon the off-the-shelf concept of "scientific truth" that can be introduced to the court for legal judgment. Delimiting the qualification of the expert, the value of the expert knowledge, or the criteria of the scientific expertise have always included social negotiation. What are the values that are affecting the boundary-making of the thing called "modern science" that is supposedly useful in solving legal conflicts? How do the value of law and the meaning of justice change as the boundaries of modern science take shapes? What is the significance of "science" when it is emphasized, particularly in relation to the legal provisions of paternity, and how does this perception of science affect unfoldings of legal disputes? In order to explore the answers to the above questions, we follow a process in which a type of "knowledge-deficient model" of a court-that is, law lags behind science and thus, under-employs its useful functions-can be closely examined. We attend to a series of discussions and subsequent changes that occurred in the US courts between 1930s and 1970s, when blood type tests began to be used to determine parental relations. In conclusion, we argue that it was neither nature nor truth in itself that was excavated by forensic scientists and legal practitioners, who regarded blood type tests as a truth machine. Rather, it was their careful practices and crafty narratives that made the roadmaps of modern science, technology, and society on which complex tensions between modern states, families, and courts were seen to be "resolved".

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.579-585
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of coffee soaked in Morus bombycis extract. Green coffee beans were soaked in M. bombycis extract for 2, 4, and 6 hours (sample codes: 2H, 4H, and 6H) at $4^{\circ}C$. Soaked green beans were dried and roasted for coffee extraction. Two controls, roasted with the same amount of heat (C1) and showed the same weight after roasting (C2), were used. Physicochemical characteristics (pH, total acidity, color, browning index, and total soluble solids), DPPH free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), total polyphenol content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were investigated. Lower pH and higher total acidity were observed in 2H, 4H, and 6H (P<0.05), supporting evidence of sour taste. There were significant differences in DPPH between the controls (45.51~47.02%) and samples (50.67~55.25%, P<0.05), although 2H and 6H did not show significantly higher DPPH than the controls. 2H, 4H, and 6H showed significantly higher FRAP values ($0.320{\sim}0.331\;FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;mM\;FeSO_4/g$) than controls ($0.265{\sim}0.271\;mM\;FeSO_4/g$). ORAC values of samples [1,062.86~1,153.68 mM trolox equivalent (TE)/g] were significantly higher than those of controls (689.40~942.12 mM TE/g). 2H, 4H, and 6H showed significantly higher TPC [24.27~26.07 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g] and TFC [3.75~4.28 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g] than controls (19.79~22.77 mg GAE/g and 1.07~1.95 mg QE/g, respectively) (P<0.05). M. bombycis extracts soaked into green coffee beans showed polyphenol compounds from green coffee beans. Consumer acceptance of 4H (5.12) was the highest, followed by C2 (4.92). C1 (4.14) showed the lowest consumer acceptance. Consumers were segmented into two groups, those who preferred M. bombycis extract-soaked coffee (approximately 61%) and controls (approximately 39%).

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.553-564
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• 2008

Generalizability theory was employed to examine how the reliability of polygraph test is affected by the number of relevant questions, the number of repeated tests (the number of of charts), and the number of raters(scorers). The data consisted of the results of the polygraph tests administered to 31 crime suspects. The sample was drawn from the real polygraph tests based on Backster ZCT and archived by the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Korea. The numerical scores assigned by thirteen raters to the test charts were analyzed to determine the generalizability of the scores. The largest variance component was accounted for by the examinee factor(43.97%) and the residual variance component was 16.84% of the total variance. The variance component due to the interaction between the examinee and the chart factors was 12.17% and the variance component due to the three way interaction of the examinee, the repeated test, and the relevant question factors was 10.31%. The generalizability coefficient for the current measurement procedure as practiced by the Korean Prosecutor's Office was 0.74 which suggests that the current procedure is acceptable. However, measurement procedures with the combination of more than two relevant questions, more than three repeated tests, and more than two raters were generally found to yield generalizability coefficients larger than 0.80. Therefore, such procedures need to be considered seriously in order to significantly improve the reliability of polygraph test.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the magnitude of artifacts produced by gutta-percha and metal posts on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained with different tube currents and with or without metal artifact reduction (MAR). Materials and Methods: A tooth was inserted in a dry human mandible socket, and CBCT scans were acquired after root canal instrumentation, root canal filling, and metal post placement with various tube currents with and without MAR activation. The artifact magnitude was assessed by the standard deviation (SD) of gray values and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) at the various distances from the tooth. Data were compared using multi-way analysis of variance. Results: At all distances, a current of 4 mA was associated with a higher SD and a lower CNR than 8 mA or 10 mA (P<0.05). For the metal posts without MAR, the artifact magnitude as assessed by SD was greatest at 1.5 cm or less (P<0.05). When MAR was applied, SD values for distances 1.5 cm or closer to the tooth were reduced (P<0.05). MAR usage did not influence the magnitude of artifacts in the control and gutta-percha groups(P>0.05). Conclusion: Increasing the tube current from 4 mA to 8 mA may reduce the magnitude of artifacts from metal posts. The magnitude of artifacts arising from metal posts was significantly higher at distances of 1.5 cm or less than at greater distances. MAR usage improved image quality near the metal post, but had no significant influence farther than 1.5 cm from the tooth.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.711-717
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• 2013

Opisthorchis viverrini (O. viverrini) is a well-known causative agent of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in humans. CCA is very resistant to chemotherapy and is frequently fatal. To understand the pathogenesis of CCA in humans, a rodent model was developed. However, the development of CCA in rodents is time-consuming and the xenograft-transplantation model of human CCA in immunodeficient mice is costly. Therefore, the establishment of an in vivo screening model for O. viverrini-associated CCA treatment was of interest. We developed a hamster CCA cell line, Ham-1, derived from the CCA tissue of O. viverrini-infected and N-nitrosodimethylamine-treated Syrian golden hamsters. Ham-1 has been maintained in Dulbecco's Modified Essential Medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum for more than 30 subcultures. These cells are mostly diploid (2n=44) with some being polyploid. Tumorigenic properties of Ham-1 were demonstrated by allograft transplantation in hamsters. The transplanted tissues were highly proliferative and exhibited a glandular-like structure retaining a bile duct marker, cytokeratin 19. The usefulness of this for in vivo model was demonstrated by berberine treatment, a traditional medicine that is active against various cancers. Growth inhibitory effects of berberine, mainly by an induction of G1 cell cycle arrest, were observed in vitro and in vivo. In summary, we developed the allo-transplantable hamster CCA cell line, which can be used for chemotherapeutic drug testing in vitro and in vivo.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.115-123
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a convergence program on depression, Quality of Sleep, and Quality of Life among rural elders. Participants were 48 elders, over the age of 65 (experimental group=29, control group=19) from 4 different senior citizen centers in O province. The experimental group participated in a total of six-session program, 60 minutes once a week. Data were collected from July to August in 2019. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ²-test and t-test using SPSS 26.0 program. After the program completion, the experimental group showed statistically significant results in depression (t=-2.40, p=.020), Quality of Sleep (t=2.19, p=.033) and no differences in Quality of Life compared to control group. Therefore, the findings suggest that the convergence program is effective for improving depression, Quality of sleep elders in rural areas. Further expanded studies are necessary to supplement the limitations of this study.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2011

MMPs (Matrix metalloproteinases) are enzymes playing an important role to turnover and remodel main protein compositions of extracellular matrix. MMP-2 and MMP-9 of MMPs having a catalytic domain which is apart from a hemopexin-like domain part, are different from the other MMPs pertaining fibronectinlike domain close to hemopexin-like domain. It was reported that the development of MMP-9 restrainer can prevent the transfer of liver cancer. In this study, MMP-9 restrainers were extracted and purified from Hovenia dulcis Thunberg. The each fractionary part was examined to investigate the inhibitory effect on MMPs. Three compounds, compound A and B eluted with ethyl acetate (EA) and compound C with methanol, were identified by $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR, GC/MS, and FT-IR. Compound A is considered as a kind of catechine type compound having a benzene ring substituted by hydroxyl and methoxyl groups. Compound B and C are nobiletin type compound pertaining a carbonyl group. Compound A, B and C showed 76%, 66% and 71% of inhibition effect on MMP-9 at 1.0% concentration, respectively. Compound A showed the best inhibition effect on MMP-9.