• 국제지역연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.243-267
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• 2008

본 연구는 해외진출 중소벤처기업의 기업 내외부적 요인이 해외지식학습과 해외진출성과에 미치는 영향에 대하여 이론적 모형을 도출하고 실증적인 연구결과를 제시하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 문헌연구를 토대로 연구모형을 설정한 후 222개의 벤처기업을 분석대상으로 하여 공변량 구조모형을 통한 가설검증을 시도하였다. 실증분석 결과, 경영자의 해외경험과 기업가정신, 기술혁신성, 해외네트워크 활용이 해외진출성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치며, 경영자의 해외경험과 해외네트워크 활용은 해외지식학습에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 해외지식학습은 중소벤처기업의 기업 내외부적 요인과 해외진출성과간에 유의한 매개효과를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 기업 내외부적 요인을 적극 활용하여 해외지식학습을 증가시켜 해외진출을 수행하는 중소벤처기업들은 자원제약을 극복하고 높은 해외진출성과를 달성할 수 있다는 시사점을 제공해 준다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2024

Purpose: This study is undertaken from the standpoint of student-centered learning and theoretical paradigms that have developed in the business world and display conceptual affinities: the transfer of knowledge and training. Research design, data and methodology: Utilizing questionnaire surveys and multivariate data analysis are two research methodologies (CFA, SEM). Around 201 undergraduate students who were studying in Vietnam provided the data. Results: The results show importance of the faculty role in students' knowledge acquisition. The findings show that Ability to form a good relationship positively influences the development of competence. Additionally, neither ability to develop a good relationship nor learning drive or knowledge acquisition are significantly correlated with one another. The growth of competencies is positively impacted by the suitability of teaching approaches. Knowledge acquisition is favorably impacted by learning motivation, and knowledge acquisition in turn is positively impacted by competence development. Conclusions: Research has shown the important role of lecturers in students' knowledge acquisition. From this result, some implications related to lecturers are also given to help improve students' ability to acquire knowledge. Building good relationships with students (ready to answer questions, positive relationships) and good expertise will help increase learning motivation, ability to acquire knowledge as well as improve development for students.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to discover how the use of digital applications can affect students' attitudes toward positive classroom participation and performance in learning a foreign language. Participants of this study were 128 students who took a foreign language class at a high school in central Korea. To find out students' perceptions and attitudes toward the effect of using a digital application for their foreign language study, online questionnaire and focus-group interview were conducted. Our research findings revealed that these students could engage in active language learning and experience learning improvement while studying a foreign language with digital applications. The improvement was possible by creating more interactive activities and quizzes. In addition, the digital application provided students immediate feedback. It gave students and teachers various motivations beyond the traditional 'chalk and talk' format of text-only-classes. This study provides an overview of the usefulness of digital application. In addition, it provides understanding for students' perceptions and involvement using digital application in a foreign language classroom.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.121-148
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• 2011

우리 중소기업의 사업규모는 지난 20년간 질적인 면과 양적인 변의 동반성장을 거듭하여 왔다. 최근에는 우리나라 전체 사업체수의 99.9%를 넘어서고 있으며 산업 부가가치총액 측면에서도 50% 수준에 이를 정도로 비약적으로 신장되었다. 중소기업이 국가경제에서 차지하는 비중이 높아짐에 비례하여 해외투자 규모도 역시 동반 성장하고 있다. 특히 세계경제가 개방화되고 블록경제가 심화되는 추세와 더불어 임금상승, 통상마찰 증대 등 대내외 환경변화 속도도 가속화되고 있어 이제 중소기업의 해외 진출은 생존 번영을 위한 핵심적 전략으로까지 부각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 중소기업의 성공적인 해외진출을 위한 전략적 도구의 하나인 지식이전에 대하여 고찰하였다. 특히 해외 현지기업으로의 성공적인 지식이전에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악함으로써 우리 중소기업 해외진출에 도움을 줄 수 있는 시사점을 도출하였다. 해외 진출 경험이 있는 표본 중소기업에 대한 실증분석 결과 국내기업과 해외 현지기업간의 커뮤니케이션 요인이 성공적인 지식이전에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 해외 진출을 계획하거나 추진 중인 중소기업은 성공적인 해외투자를 위해 경제적 수익성 모델 검토와 커뮤니케이션 모델 검토를 병행할 필요가 있다. 구체적으로는 본사의 조직 문화와 관련 업무 프로세스를 명문화하는 제도적 장치를 보완하고, 협력업체와의 원활한 커뮤니케이션 채널 구축이 필요하다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.167-192
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• 2007

This study investigates the effects of written vocabulary exercises on lexical knowledge. Korean university students learning English as a foreign language were randomly assigned to one of four conditions-Condition 1 (having students match word form with word meaning), Condition 2 (having students fill in the blank provided with a list of words), Condition 3 (having students write sentences with the target words), Condition 4 (having students do three practices with the same vocabulary exercise as the condition 1). Each type of exercises in Condition 1, 2, and 3 was designed to classify a different level of mental processing except Condition 4 with multiple encounters of the target words. Learners' vocabulary knowledge of this study was obtained using a format adopted from the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (VKS) immediately and two weeks later. The findings indicated that: (1) Condition 4 having students do three matching vocabulary exercises was as effective as the condition 3 (one writing exercise) on the immediate learning of word; (2) although there was no significant difference of the effect of vocabulary exercises between Condition 3 and 4, Condition 4 asking students to do three matching vocabulary exercises was the most effective way of vocabulary retention after two weeks.

• 이베로아메리카
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.135-178
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• 2021

A teacher's talk does not make a simple delivery of information. It reflects the role of the teacher, since the language used by a teacher intervenes in a crucial way in the complex mechanisms that underlie teaching and learning of foreign languages. In this sense, the ways in which teachers give feedback have an impact on the process, not only of learning, but also of teaching. The important role of emotional factors in learning has resonated strongly in the intuition of many second and foreign language teachers. As a result, over the past three decades, research on foreign language acquisition has confirmed the hypothesis that language learning is enhanced by rapport between teacher and student. This study analyses the positive feedback given by native Spanish teachers in the context of university classes in Korea. The positive words from a language teacher are related to forming emotional factors such as motivation, attitude, interest, self-confidence, self-esteem, anxiety, and empathy, which directly influence in the acquisition of Spanish. 35 hours of oral practical classes taught by three native teachers of Colombian, Spanish and Mexican nationality were examined. According to the result, almost all the correct answers from students were corresponded with some type of positive feedback. The most frequent strategies are making a compliment, an approval, a repetition, and laughter or non-verbal cues. It is interesting to observe that teachers don't use only a single strategy to provide positive feedback, but instead combine multiple ways to enrich the positiveness of the feedback.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.402-417
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 사업서비스 분야 한국내 외국인직접투자가 지역경제에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 특히, 지역네트워크와 지식의 활용이라는 측면에서 파악하였다. 외국인직접투자기업은 한국내 시장확보라는 투자동기에 따라 고객과의 네트워크, 공급 네트워크는 높은 비중을 나타내고 있으나, 상대적으로 산학연계 및 협회, 조합, 정부기관과의 관계는 낮게 나타난다. 한국내 지식이전 및 상호작용도 투자모기업의 정책에 따라 제한적으로 이루어지고 있다. 그러나, 협력관계 및 인력이동 등 장기적으로 볼 때 긍정적인 측면과 가능성도 보이고 있어, 지식활용에 기반한 정책지원 및 활용안을 수립하여 실천한다면, 외국인기업이 충분히 지역내 뿌리내리며, 지역경제에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.82-98
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• 2020

Purpose - This study aims to overcome the limitations of existing studies, which linearly determine the precedence factors of competency in overseas subsidiaries. The research objectives are as follows. First, what kind of nonlinear effects does the level of control held by Korean headquarters over foreign subsidiaries have in terms of competency in the subsidiaries? Second, what kind of nonlinear effects do the local experiences of overseas subsidiaries have on their competency? Design/methodology - With data on Korean multinational corporations (MNCs), this paper analyzes the effects of control levels of headquarters (HQs) and host-country experiences of foreign subsidiaries regarding competency in overseas subsidiaries. In particular, this study focuses on nonlinear models, differentiating it from previous studies. In order to examine research hypotheses, this study conducted a survey of overseas subsidiaries of Korean corporations. Surveys were conducted through various methods including e-mail, online questionnaires, fax, and telephone calls. Copies of the questionnaire were distributed to a total of 2,246 overseas subsidiaries, and 409 completed responses were collected. Excluding 15 copies that were insufficiently answered, responses from a total of 394 copies were used for analysis. Findings - This study presents the following results. First, there is a U-shaped relationship between levels of HQ control and competency in foreign subsidiaries. This means that higher levels of HQ control negatively impact the competency levels of subsidiaries because strict control undermines autonomy in subsidiaries. However, if the level of HQ control exceeds a certain point, then the transfer of knowledge between HQs and subsidiaries is facilitated. Knowledge transferred from HQs can be used as prior knowledge by foreign subsidiaries to the benefit of all parties. Accordingly, knowledge transfer negates the negative effects of excessive HQ control and positively affects competency in subsidiaries. Second, there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the local (host-country) experiences of subsidiaries and competency in foreign subsidiaries. This means that foreign subsidiaries can overcome the liabilities of foreignness and contribute to capability building by accumulating unique knowledge about their host countries. However, if local experiences accumulate excessively beyond a certain point, then the host country-specific experiences of foreign subsidiaries will offset the benefits discussed above. Excessive local experiences not only increase organizational inertia, but also create a problem of goal incongruence due to information asymmetry between HQs and subsidiaries. Therefore, excessive local experiences have negative effects on competency in foreign subsidiaries. Originality/value - This study suggests the following implications. First, unlike existing studies based mainly on linear models, this study presents important theoretical implications in its focus on nonlinear models and its analysis of the effects of HQ control and local experiences on competency in foreign subsidiaries from perspectives of organizational learning theory and agency theory. Second, in terms of practical implications, the results of this study suggest that optimally raising levels of HQ control and managing the local experiences of subsidiaries without increasing organizational inertia is important for enhancing competency in foreign subsidiaries.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.155-172
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• 2024

이 연구의 목적은 가상환경에서의 다양한 환경 변화를 통한 외국어 학습 효과를 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 가상환경 공간을 교실과 식료품점으로 구분한 후, 여기에 각각 세 종류의 자막으로 구성된 텍스트 강화기법을 적용한 몰입형 가상현실 영어학습 콘텐츠를 직접 제작한 후 학습 효과를 비교했다. 실험은 2 × 3 혼합요인설계로 구성됐으며, 가상환경 공간은 실험자 내 요인으로 실험참여자는 학습 공간에 따라 처치 수준이 다른 두 개의 영상에 노출됐고, 텍스트 강화기법은 실험자 간 요인으로 실험참여자는 텍스트 강화기법에 따라 처치 수준이 다른 세 개의 자막 중 무작위로 한 개의 자막에 노출됐다. 가상환경 공간과 텍스트 강화기법에 따른 상호작용 효과 분석 결과, 프레즌스가 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 공간의 주효과를 살펴본 결과, 플로우와 학습 전-후 가상현실 교육 태도에 대해 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었고, 텍스트 강화기법의 주효과를 분석한 결과, 플로우, 가상현실 학습 이용의도, 학습 만족도와 학습 자신감에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 결과적으로 가상현실 공간의 제공 환경에 따라 학습자의 교육에 대한 몰입과 태도 차이를 확인할 수 있었고, 자막 제공 방식에 따라 다양한 교육 효과의 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 가상환경에서 외국어 교육의 효과를 긍정적으로 확인한 것인데, 학교와 학원 등에서 가상환경을 활용한 영어학습 서비스의 가능성을 제시하고, 다양한 가상환경의 변화에 따라 교육 효과가 달라질 수 있다는 함의를 제공한다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.143-159
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• 2019

This study explores the relationship between outward foreign direct investment (FDI) and innovation in 61 industries of Korea between 1999 and 2016. In order to mitigate the endogeneity problem due to potential reverse causality between FDI and innovation, we use the GMM (generalized method of moments). Our results are as follows. First, FDI has a positive effect on innovation. A possible explanation is that through FDI, multinational companies may assimilate host countries' technologies and knowledge by learning, and then recreating new technologies. Furthermore, this positive effect appears greater, as industrial competition becomes fiercer. This result provides empirical evidence that by recreating technology and knowledge learned through FDI with their own intangible assets, such as patents, they may gain a competitive edge over competitors. Second, this study confirms the greater positive effects of FDI in developed countries, as well as countries with higher technology levels. Finally, strategic asset seeking FDI has the greatest positive impact on innovation in Korean industries. In summary, our findings provide empirical evidence that Korean multinationals can learn technology and knowledge of host countries through FDI to secure a competitive edge in the Korean market.