• 한국초지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초지조사료학회 2002년도 창립 30주년 International Symposium
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• pp.5-56
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• 2002

The problems in the current domestic forage production were evaluated, and the prospective improvement was suggested in this paper. Grassland development in forest, production of high quality forages in upland and paddy land, efficient utilization of rice straw, development of new varieties of forages suitable for our environmental conditions and imported forages were described Among them, preferential production and utilization of forages using paddy field after rice harvest . should be enlarged for domestic supply of forages in Korea. Several studies were carried out to select the promising forage crops and barley cultivars for whole crop silage production, to determine productivity, nutritive value and production cost of forages produced in paddy field, and feeding effect of forages with Hanuwoo and milking cow for whole crop silage with forages produced in paddy field, 1999 to 2001, and also discussed restraint factors and activation plans for enlargement of forage production in paddy land. The promising forage crops in paddy field were rye and barley for Middle region, and rye, barley, early maturing Italian ryegrass and wheat for Southern region. The promising barley cultivars for whole crop silage in paddy field were Albori in Suwon, Keunalbori, Milyang 92, Saessalbori, and Naehanssalbori in Iksan, and Keunalbori, Albori, Naehanssalbori, and Saegangbori in Milyang, respectively. Silage production, quality and animal palatability of silage by trench and round bale were also compared. The production yields of whole crop barley silage(WBS) were 17,135kg as a fresh matter, and 6,011kg as a dry matter per ha, and the quality of WBS was 2∼3 grade, while that of rice straw silage was 4 grade as a farm basis. The production cost of WBS per kg was 83won as a fresh matter, and 238won as a dry matter. Feeding of WBS as forages on Hanwoo was very desirable for the improvement of live-weight gain, beef quality and farm income, particularly in growing stage of Hanwoo. Milk production and income were also increased, and feed cost was decreased by feeding of WBS. The daily voluntary intake of WBS in milking cow was 26.3kg as a fresh matter(DM 7.7kg) per head. Milk production when WBS was fed, was very similar to that of imported hay feeding such as Kentucky bluegrass or domestic corn silage. The issues to be solved in near future f3r stable forage production and supply in paddy land are sustainable livestock-forages policy, development & seed production of new varieties of barley, rye, Italian ryegrass and other promising forages, efficient demand & supply system of forages, solidification for mass production and utilization of forages, efficient application management of animal slurry on paddy field considering environmental agriculture/livestock industry, and break k development of bottleneck technique in production field. Domestic production & supply of high cost agricultural machine (round baler, wrapper, handler and so on), plastic wrapping film, and silage additives are also important.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.194-194
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• 2017

• 한국초지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초지조사료학회 2005년도 학술심포지엄, 제43회 학술발표회
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• pp.192-193
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• 2005

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.75-92
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• 2003

Organic livestock farming in northern European regions has been expanded with the major animals of large ruminants using pastures and grass silages. Organic livestock farming in some European countries has been in rather short of productivity compared to the conventional livestock farming, however since the gap of productivity between organic and conventional livestock farming has been reported to be reduced when the efficiency of management would improve, organic livestock farming has a potential to develop as a clean livestock farming in the future. We expect that organic livestock farming be propelled to a future model of livestock farming in Korea too. As the schemes for realization of organic livestock farming in Korea, firstly a system for the consistent supply of organic feed should be established. Mountainous areas that represents 63 % of total area of Korea could be utilized for the production of organic forages. Uncultivated rice paddy and upland agricultural field could also be used for this purpose. The active application of organic agricultural by-products such as organic rice straw, organic rice bran and SO forth can be considered for organic livestock farming. Secondly, the replacement of anti-biotics for the management of animal diseases should be developed using natural products. Plants and microbes would be good sources of natural products. Thirdly, the realization of organic livestock farming may require a system for certification of the organic farms and consequently the experts to work on.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2023

본 시험은 하계자생작물인 사료 피 '제주피', 강아지풀(국내 생태형), 바랭이(국내 생태형)의 파종량에 따른 생육특성 및 생산성을 조사하기 위해 충청남도 천안시 소재 국립축산과학원 축산자원개발부 초지사료포장 무경운 논에서 2020년 부터 2022년 까지 3년 동안 수행하였다. 사료 피와 강아지풀은 파종량이 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 사료 피는 40 kg ha^-1 처리에서, 강아지풀은 60 kg ha^-1 처리에서 최대 수량을 보였다. 그러나 바랭이는 4-16 kg ha^-1 처리에서는 비슷한 수량을 보였으며 60 kg ha^-1 처리에서 최대 수량을 보였다. 그리고 건물수량은 사료 피(9,681~11,092 kg ha^-1) > 바랭이(8,311~9,023 kg ha^-1) > 강아지풀(3,145~4,749 kg ha^-1) 순으로 나타났다. 하계자생작물인 사료 피, 강아지풀, 바랭이의 파종량에 따른 단백질함량은 바랭이 > 사료 피 > 강아지풀 순으로 ADF와 NDF 함량은 사료 피 > 바랭이 > 강아지풀 나타났으며 통계적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과에서 제시한 바와 같이 논을 이용한 이모작 작부체계에서 안정적으로 조사료를 생산하기 위해서는 자생하계사료작물 도입은 매우 중요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.445-448
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• 1999

Beef and dairy cattle are the primary ruminant livestock in Korea, but there is a serious shortage of both fresh and dry forages. Small areas of forage crops or pastures, unfavorable soil and climatic conditions, high costs for pasture production, low establishment and management technologies, etc. are the main factors limiting roughage production in Korea. To meet the roughage demand of cattle several suggestions are presented. About 845,000 ha of hilly area could be developed for pastureland. Almost the same area of paddy field, and more than 200,000 ha of reclaimed land could be used for pasture production. If all the potential area is developed for pastureland, the area could be extended to 10 times more than is presently used for pasture crops and pastureland. Productivity would be increased by developing new technologies of establishment and management. Silvo-pastoral systems should be introduced to Korea.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the forage yield and feed value of winter crops such as Italian ryegrass (IRG), oat, rye, barley, and hairy vetch. Forage crops were sown on 15^th October 2018 in a paddy field after harvesting rice and forage crops were harvested at two times of 25^th April 2019 and 18^th May 201 9. The highest dry matter (DM) yield was harvested from rye among the five species of forage crop on 18^th May. DM yield of all forages was increased 14.4% on 18^th May compared to 25^th April. The highest yield of crude protein (CP) was obtained from hairy vetch on 25^th April, whereas it was decreased (38.1%) on 18^th May. Moreover, the highest total digestible nutrient (TDN) yield and relative feed value (RFV) was harvested respectively from rye and hairy vetch on 25^th April. Delay of harvest time considerably increased DM yield but significantly decreased CP and RFV. In conclusion, rye was the best source of DM and TDN and hairy vetch was the high-quality feed. Rye harvested on 25^th April is the proper forage for resolving Korea's problem of insufficient forage yield.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2002

One of the major obstructing factors against managing dairy farm in Korea has been a shortage of roughage supply, which resulted in excessive abuse of concentrate feed. In order to solve this problem, production of the wrap silage by the winter cereal forages raised in the fallow paddy field is strongly recommended in Korea. The main objective is to develop a tractor attached round bale wrapper which can process the silage by wrapping the round bales with thin plastic films. This is the first half of the study which is divided by two parts. In this first part, bale wrapping process was analyzed, and based on this results the followings were designed, developed and tested. 1. Bale wrapper which haying the maximum capacity of 1 ton bale with various functions such as loading, wrapping, discharging the round bales and supplying and cutting wrap films was designed. 2. An actuator and its hydraulic circuit of each process were developed and tested. 3. Also, the variations of hydraulic pressure and engine speed were investigated by operating bale wrapper developed. In this test, maximum pressure of the hydraulic circuit for the bale wrapping was 130 kg/㎠ when it raised the bale, which was quite below the relief pressure of 170 kg/㎠ of hydraulic circuit. In the engine speed test, speed drop was 20∼67 rpm, which meant that there was no over-load operation. Therefore, the experiment proved that developed hydraulic circuit and mechanism is stable in bale wrapping operation

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.469-474
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• 2011

본 시험은 충남 아산과 경남 산청에서 논을 이용하여 2006년부터 2008년까지 3년에 걸쳐 수행되었으며, 작부체계는 하계작물 총체 벼와 동계작물 IRG을 이용한 2모작 작부체계를 이용하였다. 시험구의 처리는 N 기준으로 화학비료 시용구(대조구), 우분퇴비150% 및 우분퇴비 200% 시용구로 하였다. 가축분뇨 시용에 따른3년 평균 연간 건물생산성은 아산지역의 경우 우분퇴비 200% 시용구에서 20,347 kg/ha로 가장 높았으며, 화학비료 시용구에서 19,165 kg/ha, 우분퇴비 150% 시용구 18,358 kg/ha 순이였다. 하지만 우분퇴비 200%구와 화학비료 처리구간에 건물생산성의 유의적인 차이가 나지 않았으며, 우분퇴비 150%구에서는 유의적인 감소를 보였다(p<0.05). 산청지역의 건물생산성은 화학비료 시용구에서 20,531 kg/ha, 우분퇴비 200% 시용구의 18,048 kg/ha, 우분퇴비 150% 시용구의 16,647 kg/ha로 유의적인 감소를 보였다(p<0.05). 산청지역에서 IRG의 건물생산성은 화학비료구, 우분퇴비 200%, 우분퇴비 150% 시험구 순으로 높았으나, 화학비료구와 우분퇴비 200% 시용구간의 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다(p<0.05). 또한 아산지역은 처리구간의 건물수량에 차이는 있었으나 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 총체 벼의 건물생산성은 아산지역의 경우 화학비료 시용구에서 우분퇴비 200% 시용구와 유의적이 차이가 없었고, 우분퇴비 150% 시용구 보다는 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 산청지역의 경우 화학비료 시용구에서 우분퇴비 150% 및 200% 시용구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 가축분뇨 시용에 따른 총체 벼의 3년 평균 초장 및 경수는 처리구간 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 벼의 등숙률은 아산과 산청 모두에서 화학비료구가 우분퇴비 150% 및 200% 시험구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 혹명나방에 의한 피해는 처리구간에 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으나, 잎집무늬마름병 피해는 산청지역의 경우 우분퇴비 시용구가 화학비료 시용구에 비해 높게 나타났다. 가축분뇨에 시용에 따른 사료가치는 IRG의 조단백질은 화학비료구가 우분퇴비 150% 및 200% 시험구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으나(P<0.05), NDF 및 ADF의 처리구간 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 가축분뇨 시용에 따른 토양의 pH, 토양유기물 함량 및 치환성 양이온 함량은 시험 전 토양에 비해 많이 개선되었으며, 토양 유기물 함량의 경우 시험 전 토양에 비해 가축분뇨 시용구의 유기물 함량이 약 29~44% 증가하였다. 본 연구의 결과 논에서 가축분뇨를 이용하여 IRG과 총체 벼를 재배하면 연간 약 18~20톤의 친환경 조사료를 생산할 수 있어, 논을 친환경 조사료 생산기반으로 활용한다면 조사료 자급률도 높이고 쌀 과잉 생산 문제 해결에도 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2023

조사료 생산성이 높고 양질의 동계 사료작물을 선택하여 자급률을 높이기 위해 남부지역 논에서 겨울철에 수종의 맥류를 재배하여 생육, 생산성, 사료가치 등을 평가하였다. 출수는 밀과 청보리가 4월 초중순에, 귀리와 이탈리안 라이그라스는 5월 상순에 이루어졌다. 생초 수량은 밀, 청보리, 귀리가 이탈리안 라이그라스에 비해 유의하게 높았고, 건물수량은 밀과 청보리가 이탈리안 라이그라스는 물론이고 귀리보다도 유의하게 높았다. 특히, 청우밀의 건물수량이 가장 높았다. 그리고 밀의 무기질 함량은 귀리, 청보리, 이탈리안 라이그라스에 비해 낮았지만, 소와 어린 암소가 필요로 하는 적정 범위에 있었다. 밀의 조단백질 함량도 귀리에 비해서는 낮았지만 청우밀의 경우는 7.6%로 반추위 동물의 요구량인 7.0%를 충족하였다. 사료가치를 나타내는 측도인 가소화양분총량(TDN)과 상대적 사료가치(RFV)도 밀과 청보리가 귀리와 이탈리안 라이그라스에 비해 우수하였다. 또한, 밀 4품종과 청보리는 출수 후 30일에 건물률이 30~40% 범위여서 청예사료(풋베기), 건초, 사일리지(담근먹이) 등 여러 용도로 활용하는데 유리한 것으로 보인다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 밀과 청보리는 겨울철에 논에서 재배를 장려할 만한 사료작물이 될 것으로 사료되며, 특히 청우밀은 조단백질 함량도 높아서 양질의 조사료로 이용이 가능할 것으로 보인다.