• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of loading position on plantar center of pressure(COP) displacement when carrying a schoolbag during walking. Methods : Forty-four normal subjects were randomly assigned to five groups according to the method of carrying a schoolbag. The carrying a schoolbag methods were classified into five conditions: no bag (condition 1), a backpack (condition 2), a shoulder bag (condition 3), a cross bag (condition 4), a one-hand bag (condition 5). COP displacement such as anteroposterior distance and mediolateral distance of COP were measured with F-scan system. The repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-test were used to confirm the statistical significance. Results : In the comparison of parameters of COP displacement between conditions, anteroposterior distance and mediolateral distance in the left foot and mediolateral distance in the right foot were not significantly different(p>.05), but anteroposterior diatance in the right foot was significantly different(p>.05). Between left and right foot, at condition 1 and 5 the mediolateral distance of COP was significantly different(p<.05) but anteroposterior distance at condition 1 and 5, anteroposterior distance and mediolateral distance of COP at condition 2, 3 and 4 were not significantly different(p>.05). Conclusion : These findings showed that the various loading position by five types of carrying a schoolbag didn't have influence significantly on COP displacement on during walking because of mechanism of postural adaption.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 2022

Diabetes is a common disease today, and there are also many cases of developing into serious complications called Diabetic Foot Ulcers(DFU). Diagnosis and prevention of DFU in advance is an important task, and this paper proposes the method. Based on existing studies introduced in the paper, it can be seen that foot pressure and temperature information are deeply correlated with DFU. Introduce the process and architecture of SmarTinsole, an IoT device that measures these indicators. Also, the paper describes the preprocessing process for AI-based diagnosis of DFU. Through the comparison of the measured pressure graph and the actual human step distribution, it presents the results that multiple information collected in real-time from SmarTinsole are more efficient and reliable than the previous study.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.178-184
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• 2016

Objective: Tension-type headache is caused by hormones, foods, irritants, stress, obesity, fatigue, and neck and head trigger points-prolonged abnormal posture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of relaxation approach on head posture, static postural stability, and headache in persons with tension-type headache. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty-five persons with tension-type headache participated in this study. This study was a pretest-posttest with a control group design for a duration of 4 weeks (60 min/3 times/1 wk). The participants were randomly allocated to the relaxation approach group (n=18) and the control group with conventional rehabilitation including thermotherapy and transcutaneous electrical stimulation for the same period (n=17). Outcome measures involved forward head posture (FHP), foot pressure, neck disability index (NDI), and six-item headache impact test (HIT-6). Results: Relaxation approach and control groups improved significantly in the amount of forward head posture, neck disability index, and six-item headache impact test scores after training (p<0.05). The control group was found to be significantly different in the amount of FHP, backward foot pressure, NDI, and HIT-6 after training compared to before training (p<0.05). The relaxation approach group significantly improved in forward head posture, neck disability index, and six-item headache impact test compared with control group after training (p<0.05). Neck disability index and six-item headache impact test significantly improved after training compared with before training in the control group (p<0.05). However, the foot pressure was not significantly different between relaxation approach and control groups. Conclusions: This study suggests that treatment with relaxation approach combined with self-exercise would be effective in reducing the amount of forward head posture, neck disability and headache impacts.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.193-205
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• 2006

This study was to analysis the kinematic and kinetic differences between new walking shoe(NWS : RYN) and general walking shoe(GWS). The subjects for this study were 10 male adults who had the walking pattern of rearfoot shrike with normal foot. The movement of one lower leg was measured using plantar pressure and Vicon Motion Analysis Program(6 MX13 and 2 MX40 cameras : 100 f / s) while the subjects walked at the velocity(1.5m/s. on 2m).. The results of this study was as follows : 1. The NWS was better than the GWS that caused injuries such as adduction, abduction and pronation are reduced While walking on a perpendicular surface, the landing angle and the knees angles were extensive which makes walking more safe which reduces anxiety and uneasiness. 2. The bottom of the NWS were now made into a more circular arch which supports the weight of the body and reduces the irregular angles when wearing GWS. This arch made the supporting area more wide which made the upholding the trunk of the body more effective. The whole bottom of the foot that supports the weight is more flexible in addition, increases the safeness of walking patterns and the momentum of the body. 3. The moment the heel of the foot of the NWS touch the ground, the range of the pressure were partially notable and the range of the pressure on the upper part of the thigh were dispersed The injuries that occurred while walking. primary factors when a shock related injuries are reduced Judgements of the impacts of the knees and the spinal column dispersing could be made.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.164-171
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the immediate effects of wearing a foot-pressure-based insole (FPBI) on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM), postural sway, and muscle activation in healthy individuals with genu varum. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study was conducted on thirteen adults, with six male and seven females subjects. The mean age was 24.08 years. Foot pressure was measured to apply the FPBI and the weight bearing lunge test was performed with the application of a flat insole (FI) and FPBI. Examination was randomly performed in four conditions to measure both postural sway and muscle activation. All participants applied both the FI and FPBI with four conditions. The four conditions were as follows: 1) Romberg test posture with eyes closed, 2) Romberg test posture with eyes opened, 3) dominant single leg standing with eyes opened, and 4) non-dominant single leg standing with eyes opened. Results: For ankle DFROM between the FI and FPBI, a significant increase was observed in both the dominant and non-dominant leg (p<0.05). For postural sway between the FI and FPBI in the Romberg test posture with eyes closed and dominant single leg standing with eyes opened conditions, a significant decrease was observed (p<0.05). However, the postural sway between FI and FPBI in the Romberg test posture with eyes opened and non-dominant single leg standing with eyes opened, no significant decrease was observed. Also, there were no significant effects on muscle activation between the application of the FI and FPBI. Conclusions: The result showed that FPBI immediately improved ankle DFROM and postural sway. It seems that FPBI may improve genu varum in healthy individuals with genu varum.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.576-585
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• 2022

In determining the cause of dysmenorrhea, it is necessary to investigate postural alignment and balance. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze whether there is a difference in posture alignment and foot pressure balance according to the dysmenorrhea degree. The subjects were twenty female students in their 20s, who had pain caused by dysmenorrhea. According to the degree of dysmenorrhea, the subjects were divided into mild and severe groups. In the results, there was a significant difference only in shoulder height asymmetry angle between the mild and severe groups (p<0.05), and there was no significant difference in pelvic and knee joint alignment. In the correlation analysis, there was a significant positive correlation between the dysmenorrhea score (MDQ) and shoulder height asymmetry angle was found. These results indicate that dysmenorrhea symptom and asymmetric alignment of shoulder are related. To analyze these factors, further research will need to investigate the correlation between dysmenorrhea and spinal alignment.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.296-302
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• 2022

This paper proposes a center of plantar foot pressure (CoP) trajectory estimation method based on Gaussian process regression, with the aim to show robust results regardless of the regions and numbers of FSRs of the insole sensor. This method can bring an interpolation between the measurement points inside the wearable insole sensor, and two experiments are conducted for performance evaluation. For this purpose, the input data used in the experiment are generated in three types (13 FSRs, 8 FSRs, 5 FSRs) according to the regions and numbers of FSRs. First, the estimation results of the CoP trajectory are compared using Gaussian process regression and weighted mean. As a result of each method, the estimation results of the two methods were similar in the case of 13 FSRs data. On the other hand, in the case of the 8 and 5 FSRs data, the weighted mean varies depending on the regions and numbers of FSRs, but the estimation results of Gaussian process regression showed similar results in spite of reducing the regions and numbers. Second, the estimation results of the CoP trajectory based on Gaussian process regression during several gait cycles are analyzed. In five gait cycles, the previous cycle and the current estimation results are compared, and it was confirmed that similar trajectories appeared in all. In this way, the method of estimating the CoP trajectory based on Gaussian process regression showed robust results, and stability was confirmed by yielding similar results in several gait cycles.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.465-474
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• 2015

Objective : A study and development of Korean Bobsleigh athletes's shoe which considers their physical condition has yet to be completed. So this study examines the effects of running shoes used by athletes based on plantar pressure and sprint time in order to provide raw data for the development of bobsleigh shoes suitable for Koreans. Method : The study selected seven bobsleigh athletes as subjects and selected three pairs of spiked running shoes from three companies, which will be referred to as Company N (Type A), Company A (Type B), and Company M (Type C). To analyze sprint time and plantar pressure for each shoe, the subject of the study were instructed to wear the selected shoes and to drag a sled at maximum sprint for 15 meters for 15 meters for in each condition that would be in real bobsleigh competitions. Results : The average sprint intervals for each athlete in each pair of shoes revealed Type C produce the fastest sprint in the order of Type C < Type A< Type B. Shoe Type C also had the largest contact area in order of Type C > Type B > Type A (p<.01). None of the three shoe types seem to yield a distinct advantage in terms of maximum average pressure or maximum pressure. Conclusion : In the future, functional analysis should be carried out by comparing the material properties, hardness, and toe spring of shoes based on the Type C shoe from Company M in order to develop bobsleigh shoes suitable for Koreans.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.159-168
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the variables of plantar pressure distribution, the COG between Flying Sit Spin(FSS) and Flying Camel Spin(FCS) during a Figure Skating. In order to investigate the two types of spin mechanism in the Korea national of elite women Figure skaters(N=4), this study investigated the phase time, CA(contact area), MF(maximum force) Mean Force, and PP(peak pressure) Mean Force. The data was collected using PEDAR Mobile System which is the pressure distribution measuring devices. The obtained conclusions were as follow: During the two types of spins(FSS and FCS), the FCS is higher than the FSS on the MF(20%BW), PP(20%BW) variables during P4 phase, but the FSS is larger than the FCS in the CA, MF, and PP during P1, P2, P3 phase. Consequently, depend on the COP and the COG locations about the vertical ground reaction vector, the FCS comparatively excelled control of speed feedback than the FSS in the P4 phase.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.291-296
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• 2011

This study was designed to investigate the effects of an ankle foot orthosis(AFO) with variable ankle joint angles on balance performance in healthy adults. Eighteen healthy adults were recruited in this repeated measures design with subjects as their own controls. An AFO with four kinds of ankle joint angles(-5, 0, 5, and 10 degree) were used and balance performance was measured during single limb standing. Three trials were obtained and then averaged for data analysis. Foot pressure was measured using an F-scan system and muscle activity was measured using an MP150 system. There were significant differences in balance performance with ankle joint angles. An AFO with -5 degrees was associated with significant increases in postural sway(anterior-posterior), and in muscle activity for the medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior compared with other degrees of angle. Findings of this study show that angles of an AFO are related to balance performance and a joint angle of 10 degree is effective for promoting joint stability and postural control. This information can be used by clinicians to prescribe AFOs.