• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.44-47
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• 2000

Freiberg's infarction involving the fifth metatarsal head is very rare condition. The authors experienced a case of avascular necrosis of the fifth metatarsal head and base of the proximal phalanx in a 27-year-old female patient. Involved bones were excised and internally fixed with 2 K-wires after autogenous cancellous bone grafting. Pain was relieved, and an excellent clinical result was obtained at the follow-up examination six months after the surgery.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.140-144
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• 2016

Osteochondroma is one of the most common bone tumors. It can occur anywhere, although it is most frequent mainly around the metaphysis of long bones. Prediction sites are distal femur, proximal humerus, proximal tibia, and so on. However, osteochondroma in sesamoid is very rare. Herein, we report a case of a 56-year-old woman with symptomatic extra-articular osteochondroma in hallucal sesamoid with a brief literature review.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.120-123
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• 2020

Heterotopic ossification is the formation of extra-skeletal bone in the muscle and soft tissues, and an osteoma is a benign bone-forming tumor composed of compact or mature trabecular bone limited almost exclusively to the craniofacial bones. This paper reports an extremely rare case of heterotopic ossification mimicking an osteoma that occurred independently at the plantar side of the medial sesamoid bone. The patient was a 46-year-old male with a three-month history of pain and a hard mass on the plantar aspect of the left forefoot sole. After excising the lesion, the patient's symptoms were relieved, and no pain or complications occurred. This paper discusses this exceedingly rare case of heterotopic ossification around the medial sesamoid bone with a review of the relevant literature.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2023

Background: The flexible flatfoot is characterized by a flattening of the foot arch due to excessive bodyweight. The use of shoe insoles or taping methods has been identified as effective in realigning the navicular or calcaneus bones and addressing supination in pronated feet. Objects: This study aimed to analyze the difference between the arch taping attachment method, introduced in a previous study, and a novel taping method designed to provide support to the inner aspect of the heel bone in cases of flexible flatfoot. Methods: A navicular drop test was performed to discriminate flexible flatfoot. To analyze the differences in pressure distribution during walking for each taping method, the subjects underwent testing in the barefoot state with no attachments. The procedure included a sequence of arch taping and heel taping. Subsequent analysis of pressure distribution during walking utilized the GaitRite^® system (GAITRite Gold, CIR Systems Inc.). Results: Arch taping and calcaneus taping significantly reduced the integrated pressure over time and peak pressure on the medial side of the midfoot for both feet compared to the barefoot state. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that supporting the inside of the heel through calcaneus taping, without direct stimulation to the longitudinal arch and navicular bone, is an effective intervention for flexible flatfoot.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2024

Osteochondromas are benign bone tumors typically found in the metaphyseal region of long bones. These tumors are often asymptomatic and detected incidentally. However, their occurrence in atypical sites such as the talus can pose significant diagnostic and treatment challenges. This report describes a rare case of osteochondroma of the medial tubercle of the talus, which is an unprecedented location based on a review of relevant literature. A 28-year-old male presented with worsening medial ankle pain and limping. Imaging revealed a lesion consistent with osteochondroma contributing to medial ankle impingement syndrome. Uniquely, this case also featured a coinciding gout attack in the ankle joint. Surgical removal of the lesion resulted in significant symptom relief and functional improvement. This case underscores the need to consider rare diagnoses, such as talar osteochondroma, when presented with persistent medial ankle pain and highlights the potential presence of concurrent conditions, such as gout.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1997

The aims of free tissue transplantation to the injured foot are to cover the exposed blood vessels, nerves, muscles, tendons and bones, to clear up infection, to lessen the morbidity, to shorten the hospitalization, and to prepare for further surgical procedures when no local or transpositioning flaps are available. Authors have carried out free flap transplantation in 13 cases of crushing injury, osteomyelitis and electrical burn in the foot at Chonbuk National University Hospital from June 1992 through May 1996. The results were as follows : 1. 9 cases of 13 (69%) were sustained from the traffic accident. 2. The dorsalis pedis free flap transplantation has been performed most frequently in 5 cases (38.5%), followed gracilis muscle flap in 4 cases(30.7%), rectus abdominis muscle flap in 2 cases(15.4%), latissimus dorsi muscle flap and upper arm flap in 1 each. 3. 6 muscle flaps were covered with split thickness skin graft 20 days after microsurgical anastomosis. 4. All of 13 cases were survived after microsurgical procedure and showed excellent coverage in the foot.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 1997

The tarsometatarsal joint complex is formed by articulation of the five metatarsal bases with the three cuneiform bones and the cuboid bone. Fracture-dislocation of tarsometatarsal area are difficult to recognize on standard radiographs. The exact diagnosis is occasionally delayed. As a result, improper treatment and late sequelae remains. We decided to make a study of patients with normal foot radiographs on 200 cases. Standard radiographic evaluation was used to study the normal variants of the foot and to evaluate the coincided alignment of the lisfranc joint. Accurate accessment on AP & lateral & $30^{\circ}$ oblique projection of radiographs are very adventageous & important, and next final outcome was detected. : 1. Coincided alignment below 1mm and unfolded lisfranc joint on AP projection was well visalized on 1st cuneiform-metatarsal lateral border and 2nd cuneiform-metatarsal medial border. 2. Coincided alignment below 1mm and unfolded lisfranc joint on oblique projection was well visualized on 2nd cuneiform-metatarsal lateral border and 3rd cuneiform-metatarsal medial border and 3rd cuneform-metatarsal lateral border. 3. More proximal location of 2nd lisfranc joint compared to another joint was 196 cases (98%). It is due to inceleration of 2nd metatarsal base between 3rd & 1st cuneiform. 4. 3rd lisfranc joint was volarward position compared to 2nd listranc on lateral projection at 191 cases (95.5%). It's due to anterior covexity of lisfranc joint. 5. Wide dorsal sided 2nd lisfranc is investigated at 189 cases (94.5%). Because of it. 2nd & 3rd lisfrances are mainly volar dislocated usually. 6. Notching on 5th metatarsal base is visible on 171 cases (85.5%). 7. 4th lisfranc joint had offset normally within $2\sim3mm$ at 98 cases (49%). 8. 5th Lisfranc joint had normally offset within $2\sim3mm$ at 99 cases (49.5%). 9. On lateral projection, slight dorsal location of cuneiform to metatarsal base is investigated at 82 cases (41%).

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2005

Purpose: To determine the radiographic changes in forefoot geometry with weight-bearing. Materials and Methods: The forefoot radiographs of 100 normal Korean adults, 50 male and 50 female volunteers, were evaluated both in nonweight-bearing and weight-bearing. The mean age was 27 years with range of 21-39 years. Those with normal feet were selected from volunteers having no history of foot problems or other musculoskeletal diseases. Results: The changes of measured angle between phalanges and metatarsals with weight-bearing were as follows; Hallux valgus angle was noted to increase in 20% of the feet, decrease in 59%, and remained unchange in 21%. Intermetatarsal angle $1{\sim}2$ was noted to increase in 76% of the feet, decrease in 3%, and remained unchange in 21%. Intermetatarsal angle $1{\sim}5$ was noted to increase in 95% and remained unchange in 5%. Shift in medial sesamoid on weight-bearing was also not consistent. Lateral shift was noted in 27%, no shift in 66%, medial shift in 7%. Conclusion: The generalized concept that the angles between bones and shift of medial sesamoid in the forefoot will change consistently with weightbearing was not found.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.43-47
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• 2015

Background : Many factors affect foot and ankle biomechanics during walking, including gait speed and anthropometric characteristics. This study examined the effect of walking speed on peak plantar pressure during the walking. Method : Thirty two normal healthy subjects (16 men, 16 women) were recruited. Peak plantar pressure was investigated using pressure distribution platforms (Pedoscan system) under the hallux heads of the first, second, and third metatarsal bones, and heel. Result : The results also suggest that slow walking speeds may decrease forefoot peak plantar pressure in patients with peripheral neuropathy who have a high risk of skin breakdown under the forefoot(p<0.05). Conclusion : The results also suggest that slow walking speeds may decrease forefoot peak plantar pressure in patients with restricted low extremity range of motion who have a high risk of skin breakdown under the forefoot.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.401-403
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• 2023

This case report describes a variation of the flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) with a separated muscle belly and tendon at the fifth toe. The narrow tendon and muscle belly for the fifth toe arose from the intermuscular septum between the FDB and abductor digiti minimi adjacent to the arising fibers of the FDB, separating from its other fibers. The tendon and muscle belly for the fifth toe became wider at the base of the metatarsal bones and narrower as it coursed toward the toes in a fusiform shape. The tendon and muscle belly for the fifth toe became thin at the midfoot and coursed just beneath the flexor digitorum longus tendon and entered the digital tendinous sheath. FDB variations including that described herein should be considered when performing various surgical procedures and evaluating the biomechanics of the foot.