• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2013

목적 : 충남지역 일개 농촌마을에서 농작업 자세를 기초로 설계한 근골격계 질환 예방운동 프로그램이 참여자의 균형능력, 요통의 기능적 장애 수준 및 사회 심리적 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 충남지역 일개 마을의 농업인으로 근골격계 증상이 있는 21명에게 2008년 7월 10일부터 10월 11일까지 총 12주간, 주 1회, 회당 90분씩의 운동프로그램을 제공하였다. 운동프로그램은 농작업 자세를 고려하여 유연성 및 근력을 강화하도록 구성하였다. 참여자 중 8회 이상 출석하고 중재 전, 후 평가에 모두 참여한 13명의 자료를 기초로 균형능력, 요통의 기능적 장애 수준 및 사회 심리적 스트레스 수준을 분석하였다. 결과 : 참여자 13명은 모두 여성으로 평균 70.55(${\pm}6.78$)세였다. 참여자들은 대부분 일반 밭농사(92.3%)에 종사하고 있으며, 작업 중 통증을 주로 느끼는 부위는 허리(69.2%)와 무릎(61.5%)이었고, 전반적인 건강상태에 대해서는 46.2%가 '건강하지 않다'고 응답하였다. 균형능력은 눈뜨고 오른발서기가 중재 전 평균 9.27(${\pm}5.53$)초에서 중재 후 14.22(${\pm}5.47$)초로 유의하게 증가하였다(p<.05). 요통의 기능적 장애 수준은 평균 19.84(${\pm}6.89$)점에서 14.38(${\pm}7.58$)점으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<.05). 그러나 사회 심리적 스트레스 수준에는 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 결론 : 밭농사를 주로 하는 여성 농업인을 대상으로 실시한 본 운동프로그램은 참여자의 균형능력 향상 및 요통의 기능적 장애의 감소에 기여하였다. 향후에는 작업특성에 따라 차별화된 운동프로그램의 효과에 대한 연구가 진전되기를 기대한다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.6-11
• /
• 1989

우리 나라 농경지토양(農耕地土壤) 작도단위(作圖單位)의 기하학적(幾何學的) 특성(特性)을 조사(調査)하여 농경지(農耕地) 기반조성사업(基盤造成事業)에 필요(必要)한 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻고자 우리 나라 정밀토양도(精密土壤圖)(축척((縮尺) 1 : 25,000)의 지형별(地形別) 대표토양(代表土壤) 70개(個) 토양통(土壤統)(565개작도단위(個作圖單位))을 중심(中心)으로 Picture Analysis System을 이용(利用)해 작도단위(作圖單位) 특성별(特性別) 크기와 복잡성정도(復雜性程度)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. 1. 조사(調査)한 작도단위(作圖單位)의 평균(平均)크기는 약(約) 22.0ha, 경계선(境界線)길이 2,267m, 장축장(長軸長) 911m 단축장(短軸長) 76m, 도형도(圖形度) 0.104, 예각수(銳角數) 3.5개(個) 이었고, 작도단위(作圖單位)의 복잡성정도(復雜性程度)를 표시(表示)하는 수단(手段)으로서 "단순성지수(單純性指數)" (Simplicity index of mapping unit)를 제시(提示)하였다. 2. 지형별(地形別) 작도단위(作圖單位)의 크기는 하성평탄지(河成平坦地)에 분포(分布)된 것이 43.7ha로 가장 크고 그 다음은 하해혼성평탄지(河海混成平坦地) 40.4ha, 홍적대지(洪積臺地) 22.3ha, 구릉지(丘陵地) 13.8ha, 선상지(扇狀地) 12.5ha, 산록경사지(山麓傾斜地) 9.0ha 등(等)의 순(順)이었고, 곡간지(谷間地)에 분포(分布)된 것이 8.7ha로 가장 작았으며 단순성지수(單純性指數)는 하성평탄지(河成平坦地)에 분포(分布)된 것이 0.44로서 가장 높았고, 하해혼성(河海混成) 평탄지(平坦地) 0.30, 대지(臺地) 및 선상지(扇狀地) 0.24, 구릉지(丘陵地) 0.20, 곡간지(谷間地) 0.15 그리고 산록경사지(山麓傾斜地) 0.13의 순(順)으로 낮아져 지형(地形)이 복잡(復雜)해짐을 나타낼 수 있었다. 3. 토성(土性) 및 경사도(傾斜度) 또는 배수등급별(排水等級別) 작도단위(作圖單位)의 크기는 평탄지(平坦地)에 분포(分布)된 배수약간불량(排水若干不良)한 미사질토(微砂質土)가 46.1~34.1ha로 크면서 단순성지수(單純性指數)도 0.36~0.27 로서 큰 반면, 경사도(傾斜度)가 높아지거나 상대적(相對的)으로 배수양호(排水良好)할수록 그리고 식양질토(埴壤質土) 및 사양질토(砂壤質土)가 면적(面積)도 작고 단순성지수(單純性指數)도 낮아지는 경향(傾向)이었다. 4. 최근(最近) 경지정리(耕地整理) 실시지구(實施地區)에서 농구(農區)의 크기와 단순성지수(單純性指數)와의 관계(關係)는 정상관(正相關)($r=0.8057^{**}$)이 있었고 차후(次後) 경지정리등(耕地整理等) 농경지(農耕地) 기반(基盤) 조성시(造成時)는 협업화영농관리(協業化營農管理) 및 공동기계화(共同機械化) 작업(作業) 등(等)을 위하여 작도단위(作圖單位)의 형태적(形態的) 특성(特性)을 기초(基礎)로 설계(設計)하고 농구(農區)의 경계(境界)를 가능(可能)한 작도단위(作圖單位)의 경계선(境界線)과 일치(一致)하도록 고려(考慮)할 필요성(必要性)이 있었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 2020

Background: Augmented somatosensory feedback stimulates the mechanoreceptor to deliver information on bodily position, improving the postural control. The various types of such feedback include ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) and vibration. The optimal feedback to mitigate postural sway remains unclear, as does the effect of augmented somatosensory feedback on muscle co-contraction. Objects: We compared postural sway and ankle muscle co-contraction without feedback (control) and with either of two forms of somatosensory feedback (AFOs and vibration). Methods: We recruited 15 healthy subjects and tested them under three feedback conditions (control, AFOs, vibration) with two sensory conditions (eyes open, or eyes closed and the head tilted back), in random order. Postural sway was measured using a force platform; the mean sway area of the 95% confidence ellipse (AREA) and the mean velocity of the center-of-pressure displacement (VEL) were assessed. Co-contraction of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles was measured using electromyography and converted into a co-contraction index (CI). Results: We found significant main effects of the three feedback states on postural sway (AREA, VEL) and the CI. The two sensory conditions exerted significant main effects on postural sway (AREA and VEL). AFOs reduced postural sway to a level significantly lower than that of the control (p = 0.014, p < 0.001) or that afforded by vibration (p = 0.024, p < 0.001). In terms of CI amelioration, the AFOs condition was significantly better than the control (p = 0.004). Vibration did not significantly improve either postural sway or the CI compared to the control condition. There was no significant interaction effect between the three feedback conditions and the two sensory conditions. Conclusion: Lower-extremity devices such as AFOs enhance somatosensory perception, improving postural control and decreasing the CI during static standing.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2006년 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
• /
• pp.232-234
• /
• 2006

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common diabetic complications. In clinical practices, nerve conduction velocity (NCV) has been used as a standard method for diagnosing diabetic neuropathy. However, it applies maximum of 100mA electric stimulus to nerves causing stress and pain to patients. In this study. as a non-invasive method, $TcpO_2$ was utilized to investigate the difference and relationship between $TcpO_2$ and $SpO_2$ of normal and diabetic neuropathy subjects. In addition, a new method of diagnosing diabetic neuropathy using $TcpO_2$ is suggested. 50 normal subjects and 50 diabetic patients with neuropathy diagnosed by NCV participated in this study. Parameters used in this study were $TcpO_2,\;TcpCo_2$, and $SpO_2$. As a result of the $TcpO_2$ measurements, statistical significances were found from $TcpO_2$ of hands and feet from normal and patients group (p<0.01). $SpO_2$ measured from index finger of normal and patient groups showed no statistical significance (p>0.05). On the other hand, $SpO_2$ measured from great toes of normal and patient group showed statistical significance (p<0.01). Correlation coefficient between $SpO_2$ of finger and $TcpO_2$ of hand was 0.400 (p<0.01) and $SpO_2$ of toe and $TcpO_2$ of foot was 0.471 (p<0.01). Both correlation values were statistically significant. Sensitivities and specificities of the $TcpO_2$ method were found to be 66 % and 92 %, respectively. If suggested $TcpO_2$ method is used periodically. prevention and early diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy is possible.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.127-137
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of $Clematidis$ radix herbal-acupuncture solution, on collagen, adjuvant, lipopolysaccharide and phospholipase A2 induced rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Methods : Arthritis index was measured for mouse that was injected subcutaneously in solution mixed chicken type II collagen with Freund's complete adjuvant. We injected Freund's complete adjuvant into right posterior part of the sole of a ICR mouse foot, which was measured by plethysmometer. The solution mixed $CRHS$ with Tris-HCI, $CaCl_2$, substrate, enzyme was done a chemical action for thirty minutes, and then inhibitory activity of PLA2 enzyme was expressed with inhibition percentage by utilizing isolated arachidonic acid. COX-2 was induced by adding LPS to RAW 264.7 cell, and COX-2 activity was measured by western blot analysis and $PGE_2$ Biotrak kit. Results : $CRHS$ also inhibited Freund's complete adjuvant induced chronic rheumatoid arthritis in mice. $CRHS$ showed significant inhibition of type I and type II $PLA_2$ activities in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, $PGE_2$ production was decreased with $CRHS$ and lipopolysaccharide-induced COX-2 protein expression was significantly inhibited by $CRHS$. Conclusions : These results suggest that $CRHS$ has an therapeutic effect on drug induced-rheumatoic arthritis by inhibiting $PLA_2$ and COX-2 activities.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of sensory feedback training of the ankle with visuoperceptual stimulation on static balance and gait functions in patients with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis. Methods: This study included 16 patients with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis. The subjects were randomly assigned toeither the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG), with 8 subjects in each group. All the subjects received a routine physical therapy. The EG subjects received a 30-min sensory feedback training for the foot and ankle with visuoperceptual stimulation by using Tetrax Portable Multiple System. This training was conducted 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The scores of balance ability, timed up and go (TUG), and dynamic gait index (DGI) were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: In the EG, the scores of static balance, TUG, and DGI obtained afterthe intervention significantly differed from those obtained before the intervention (p<0.05). Further, in the EG, a significant difference was noted in the rate of change of all the variables when compared with those of the CG (p<0.05). However, in the CG, post-intervention score were only significantly different for DGI. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the sensory feedback training with visuoperceptual stimulation improves balance and gait functions of patients with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis. Further studies are needed to generalize the results of this study.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제13권12호
• /
• pp.1775-1778
• /
• 2000

Oxytetracycline has been widely used in the cattle industry to control pneumonia, shipping fever, foot rot, bacterial enteritis, and uterine infections. Extensive use of antibiotics in veterinary clinics has resulted in residues in tissue and bacterial resistance to antibiotics. To prevent unwanted drug residues from entering the human food chain, extensive control measures have been established by both government authorities and industries. The demands for reliable, simple, sensitive, rapid and low-cost methods for residue analysis of foods are increasing. In this study, we established a rapid test for tissue residues of oxytetracycline in cattle. The recommended therapeutic dose of oxytetracycline (withdrawal time, 14 days) was administered to 10 cattle. Blood samples were collected from each cow before drug administration and during the withdrawal period. The concentration of oxytetracycline in plasma, determined by a semi-quantitative ELISA, was compared to that of the internal standard, 10 ppb. The absorbance ratio of internal standard to sample (B/Bs) was employed as an index to determine whether the residues in cattle tissues were negative or positive. That is, a B/Bs ratio less than 1 was considered as residue positive and that greater than 1 as negative. Based on this criterion, all plasma samples from cattle were negative to oxytetracycline at pre-treatment. Oxytetracycline could be detected in the plasma treated cattle until day 14 post-treatment. The present study showed that the semi-quantitative ELISA could be easily adapted in predicting tissue residues for oxytetracycline in live cattle.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2015

본 논문에서는 3축 가속도 센서를 이용하여 보행 불균형을 진단하는 효율적 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 하드웨어 시스템은 주로 보행시 발목 세 방향의 가속도를 무선으로 측정할 수 있는 3축 가속도 센서와 데이터 전송을 위한 임베디드 시스템으로 구성되어 있다. 획득된 데이터를 정규화 처리한 후, ROCC (ratio of correlation coefficient)를 이용하여 정상적인 보행의 대칭성과 비정상적인 보행의 대칭성을 비교 분석하였다. 건강한 성인 10명을 대상으로 실험을 실시하였고 개인당 총 5회 반복 실험을 하였다. 비정상 보행을 만들기 위해 한쪽 발의 굽의 높이를 변화시켰다. 결과를 보면 보행 불균형이 커질수록 ROCC의 값이 점차 기준에서 멀어지는 것을 알 수 있었으며 제안된 시스템이 보행 불균형 평가에 사용가능한 것이 확인되었다.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between center of pressure (CoP) and local stability of the lower joints, which was calculated based on approximate entropy (ApEn) during walking in elderly women. Method: Eighteen elderly women were recruited (age: $66.4{\pm}1.2yrs$; mass: $55.4{\pm}8.3kg$; height: $1.56{\pm}0.04m$) for this study. Before collecting data, reflective marker triads composed of 3 non-collinear spheres were attached to the lateral surface of the thigh and shank near the mid-segment to measure motion of the thigh and shank segments. To measure foot motion, reflective markers were placed on the shoe at the heel, head of the fifth metatarsal, and lateral malleolus, and were also placed on the right anterior-superior iliac spine, left anterior-superior iliac spine, and sacrum to observe pelvic motion. During treadmill walking, kinematic data were recorded using 6 infrared cameras (Oqus 300, Qualisys, Sweden) with a 100 Hz sampling frequency and kinetic data were collected from a treadmill (Instrumented Treadmill, Bertec, USA) for 20 strides. From kinematic data, 3D angles of the lower extremity's joint were calculated using Cardan technique and then ApEn were computed for their angles to evaluate local stability. Range of CoP was determined from the kinetic data. Pearson product-moment and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were applied to find relationship between CoP and ApEn. The level of significance was determined at p<.05. Results: There was a negative linear correlation between CoP and ApEn of hip joint adduction-abduction motion (p<.05), but ApEn of other joint motion did not affect the CoP. Conclusion: It was conjectured that ApEn, local stability index, for adduction/abduction of the hip joint during walking could be useful as a fall predictor.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.630-639
• /
• 2010

Immune response and yolk cholesterol are crucial factors for commercial chicken producers. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of selenium-enriched Japanese radish sprouts (Se-enriched JRS) and R. capsulatus synergistically on immune response and cholesterol in laying hens. A total of 50 laying hens (20-wk old) were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups, and fed diets supplemented with 2.5 ${\mu}g/kg$, 5 ${\mu}g/kg$, 10 ${\mu}g/kg$ Se-enriched JRS and 5 ${\mu}g/kg$ Se-enriched JRS+R. capsulatus (0.02%). Egg production and yolk color were significantly improved by the supplementation of Se-enriched JRS+R. capsulatus in the layer diet (p<0.05). Compared to the control, serum cholesterol concentration and triglyceride levels were decreased by all the treatments (p<0.05). After 8-wk of the experiment, supplementation of 5 ${\mu}g/kg$, 10 ${\mu}g/kg$ and Se-enriched JRS+R. capsulatus significantly reduced yolk cholesterol and triglycerides, while the greatest reduction was observed when R. capsulatus was incorporated with Se-enriched JRS. Spleen, bursa and thymus weight were significantly increased by both the 5 ${\mu}g/kg$ and 10 ${\mu}g/kg$ Se-enriched JRS. Compared to the control, supplementation of 5 ${\mu}g/kg$ and 10 ${\mu}g/kg$ Se-enriched JRS significantly increased serum IgG and yolk IgY concentration and foot web index activity by Newcastle Disease Virus (p<0.05). After 4-wk and 8-wk of supplementation, the highest number of leukocytes was observed with Se-enriched JRS+R. capsulatus (p<0.05). The highest concentration of serum and yolk Se was found in Se-enriched JRS plus R. capsulatus treatment. Combined dietary supplementation of Se-enriched JRS and R. capsulatus might be beneficial for better health, disease protection and overall production performance.