• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this study was to evaluate implemented computer generated menus for foodservice in child-care centers. Computer generated menus, which were developed in the previous study, were based on the children's preferences and the bugets of the centers. Computer generated menus were implemented for food service in each national/public, foundation established, and employer-supported child care centers in Seoul, respectively. Plate wastes, preferences, and nutrient intakes of their meals of the existing menus were compared with those of computer-generated menus. The nutrient contents from their nutritional analysis of meals of the computer generated and existing menus satisfied the recommended dietary level (RDfU3). However, at the eaten of computer-generated menus satisfied RDA/3, and the existing menus lacked energy, Ca, Vit Bl, Vit B2 and Vit C. The meals served by computer-generated menus reduced the plate wastes and increased the acceptability of the children in day care centers.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 2000

The goal of this study was to fine the way of reduction on food waste in the university cafeteria. A survey was conducted on the 500 faculty members using Yeungnam University cafeteria , and if illustrate the faculty's use and perception for the reduction of food waste. Its results can be summarized as follows ; 32.0 % of the total users use the university cafeteria everyday, also 56.6% of the users preferred Korean style dish. Female users left more food than the male users resulting in more food wastes. The male users resulting in more food waste and the most leaving food was Kimchi than the other types of foods. The most favorite stew and side dish turned out to be Yukgaejang and Bulgogi respectively, also Kimchibokkumbab was the preffered dish. But they disliked Sunjiguk , Ginger, Jellyfish and Mackerel pike. The preception of male users on the reduction of food waste was lower than that of female users. The best way of food waste treatment recognized by the users were utilizing the waste food as fodder for animals or fertilizer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.547-553
• /
• 2017

Treatment of food waste is becoming a big issue due to their significant quantities. Composting could be an effective alternative for food waste management which could be used as soil conditioner or fertilizer with little concerns about heavy metals and pathogens. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of food waste on Chinese cabbage growth and soil properties. 9 different treatments (two livestock manures, two food wastes, two livestock manures + chemical fertilizer, two food wastes + chemical fertilizer, and control) were applied to Chinese cabbage. All treatments were carried out in 3 replicates. We measured leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf greenness of Chinese cabbage. Treatment of one of food waste composts significantly increased leaf length and leaf width of Chinese cabbage by 28.6, 26.6, 67.7, and 59.9%, respectively, in comparison to those of control, while no significant differences for leaf greenness were shown. Application of food waste compost resulted in significant increase of EC, available $P_2O_5$, CEC, organic matter, and exchangeable cations. However, further researches are needed to reduce NaCl content of food waste.

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제6권3_4호
• /
• pp.126-130
• /
• 2008

느타리버섯(수한, 춘추)의 음식부산물건조박 대체 효과실험을 위하여 기본배지(대조구)를 포플러톱밥 : 비트펄프 : 면실박을 5 : 3 : 2(v/v)로 하여 대조구의 면실박 20% 대신에 건조박을 10% 혼합하였을 때 10일간의 균사생장길이가 수한 1호는 63mm, 춘추 1호는 68mm이었다. 이는 대조구의 수한 1호 67mm, 춘추 1호 74mm 보다 균사생장속도는 약간 느리지만 균사밀도는 높아 대체하여 사용할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 그러나 건조박의 혼합비율이 20%와 30%로 높아질수록 균사생장속도는 늦어지고 균사밀도는 높아졌다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.538-543
• /
• 2006

A packed bed reactor (PBR) was fed with nitrate containing synthetic wastewater or effluent from a sequencing batch reactor used for nitrification. The C source introduced into the PBR consisted of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced from anaerobic acidogenesis of food wastes. When nitrate loading rates ranged from $0.50\;to\;1.01\;kg\;N/m^{3}{\cdot}d$, the PBR exhibited $100{\sim}98.8%\;NO_{3}^{-}-N$ removal efficiencies and nitrite concentrations in the effluent ranged from $0\;to\;0.6\;NO_{2}^{-}-N\;mg/L$. When the PBR was further investigated to determine nitrate removal activity along the bed height using a nitrate loading rate less than $1.01\;kg\;N/m^{3}{\cdot}d$, 100% nitrate removal efficiency was observed. Approximately 83.2% nitrate removal efficiency was observed in the lower 50% of the packed-bed height. When reactor performance at a C/N ratio of 4 and a C/N ratio of 5 was compared, the PBR showed better removal efficiency (96.5%) of nitrate and less nitrite concentration in the effluent at the C/N ratio of 5. VFAs were found to be a good alternative to methanol as a carbon source for denitrification of a municipal wastewater containing 40 mg-N/L.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.277-283
• /
• 1994

This is a study on plate waste, management of the facilities and utensil, and for their hygenic management through the survey conducted at 106 enterprise located in Seoul institutional foodservice. Which were evenly divided into two groups; the white color and the blue color. The results are below: 1. Volume of food and menu were set in advance with no free choice. A campaign was launched to reduce food wastes. It was shown that free choice feeding was better in wastes reduction than none free choice feeding. 2. Hygenic management was relatively good in two groups. Machine and utensil usually sterilized by heating or disinfectant sterilization was performed at every using time or one time a day, but with no differentiation between two groups.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 1992

This study was performed to investigate the seasonal variation of the composition of domestic solid wastes and the characteristics of the leachate sampled in In-Cheon sanitary landfill site. The results were as follows 1. Combustible part was larger than incombustible part of the domestic solid wastes in spring and sumer. 2. The food waste was major source of solid wastes in In-Cheon city as 36.5%, and its variation by seasons was negligible. 3. BOD of the leachate was in the range of 853~7, 350mg/l, and fluctuated by seasons. 4. The mean of COD$_{cr}$ Was 5, 044mg/l, the mean of COD$_{Mn}$ was 2, 212mg/l. Namely, the method by $K_{2}Cr_{2}O_{7}$ was more sensitive than the method by KMnO$_{4}$. 5. TOC was in the range of 773~3, 958mg/l, it was lower than BOD.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.95-112
• /
• 1998

186종의 후보미생물을 대상으로 우수발효(소멸)균 선발시험을 실시한 결과, Rhizopus sp., Galactomyecs sp., Pichia sp., Hyphopichia sp.로 구성되는 4종의 발효균을 선발하였다. 이들 발효균을 이용한 발효(소멸)공정 시험결과, 내용적 50L의 발효조에 대해서, BIO-CHIP Volume 25-30L, BIO CHIP입도 2.0-6.0mm, 송풍량 200-280L/min, 교반강도 24 rpm, 온도 $30-45^{\circ}C$가 최저 발효조건인 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 조건에서 1일 1kg의 음식물을 30일간 투입하면서 소멸기를 가동한 결과, 93%의 소멸율을 나타내었다. 소멸기 배출물의 재활용 가치를 평가하기 위하여, 발아율 시험을 실시한 결과, 배출물을 적절하게 희석하여 사용하면, 퇴비로서의 가치가 매우 양호한 것으로 나타났다.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.114-119
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 남은 음식물의 사료화를 목적으로 Lactobacillus acidophilus와 Saccharomyces cerevisiae를 이용하여 남은 음식물을 발효시켜 고품질의 생균사료를 생산하기 위하여 실시하였다. 액상으로 충분히 마쇄시킨 남은 음식물 시료에 공기주입량을 0v.v.m 0rpm, 0.25v.v.m 100rpm, 0.5v.v.m 200rpm과 1v.v.m 500rpm으로 다르게 조절하여 $30^{\circ}C$에서 발효시킨 결과 0.5v.v.m 200rpm의 조건에서 생균수가 $4.5{\times}10^9CFU/m{\ell}$로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 공기주입량을 조절함으로써 최종 발효물의 pH를 조절할 수 있었고 사료로서의 기호성에 알맞고 보존성도 좋은 4-5의 pH범위를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제27권9호
• /
• pp.737-742
• /
• 2018

Livestock manure treatments have become a more serious problem because massive environmental pollutions such as green and red tides caused by non-point pollution sources from livestock manures have emerged as a serious social issue. In addition, more food wastes are being produced due to population growth and increased income level. Since the London Convention has banned the ocean dumping of wastes, some other waste treatment methods for land disposal had to be developed and applied. At the same time, researches have been conducted to develop alternative energy sources from various types of wastes. As a result, anaerobic digestion as a waste treatment method has become an attractive solution. In this study has three objectives: first, to identify the physical properties of the mixture of livestock wastewater and food waste when combining food waste treatment with the conventional livestock manure treatment based on anaerobic mesophilic digestion; second, to find the ideal ratio of waste mixture that could maximize the collection efficiency of methane ($CH_4$) from the anaerobic digestion process; and third, to promote $CH_4$ production by comparing the biodegradability. As a result of comparing the reactors R1, R2, and R3, each containing a mixture of food waste and livestock manure at the ratio of 5:5, 7:3, and 3:7, respectively, R2 showed the optimum treatment efficiencies for the removal of Total Solids (TS) and Volatile Solids (VS), $CH_4$ production, and biodegradability.