• 농촌계획
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.71-85
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• 2022

The food self-sufficiency rate of agricultural products in Korea, excluding rice, is around 20%, and the government is promoting various policies including a Multiple-Purpose Utilization of Paddy Fields project, to increase the self-sufficiency rate of major grains. The project for Multiple-Purpose Utilization of Paddy Fields is being promoted as a part of a program to create farmland infrastructure to facilitate the cultivation of crops other than rice in rice paddies, and pilot projects were started in four regions in 2020. The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic effects of the pilot project for Multiple-Purpose Utilization of Paddy Fields, and to propose policies to increase the effectiveness of the project. In order to analyze the economic effect, we estimated the change in farm income generated by switching from rice to other crops, and measured the effect of welfare change using the Equilibrium Displacement Model (EDM). As a result of the analysis, social welfare is expected to increase when the pilot project for Multiple-Purpose Utilization of Paddy Fields is implemented, and the income of the beneficiary farmers is also expected to improve compared to that of single-cropping when double-cropping is implemented. However, it was found that the economic feasibility of the project differs depending on the crops converted. Juksan-myeon, Gimje-si, which is an area where soybean production was successful, was analyzed from the viewpoint of increasing the economic feasibility of the pilot project. Their success factors were analyzed into four major factors: infrastructure, farming methods, education, and collaboration with local agricultural organizations. If such a success story can be utilized in the future project implementation process, it can contribute to the improvement of farm household income and national economic welfare.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.1-6
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• 1965

In Korea the most important plant industry is the rice-growing but she has not yet attained self-sufficiency with regard to rice which is the basic food of Korean. In the past, various measures of increasing rice production have been tried with some success but the increasing rate of did not show the sufficient result. Judging from experiences, disease control may be the most important factor which has influence on increasing of rice production in Korea. During the past 60 years three periods divided by the transition of rice diseases were noted, and especially the recent transition attracted much attention . That is, sheath blight and stripe which were minor diseases in the past have promptly spread all over the country and caused heavy losses to rice plant, and also local outbreak of bacterial leaf blight and dwarf were noticed. Various environmental factors are related to such transition of rice disease. Above all, cultivated varieties susceptible to these diseases, increase of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, earlier transplanting and density of transplanting are considered to be lucre closely related to the development of these diseases and successive development of blast. On the other hand. application of forage fungicides such as organic mercury compounds specific to blast contributed to reduce prevalent area if blast in spite of wide spread of susceptible varieties and increase of application of nitrogenous fertilizer. These facts were confirmed by Korean investigators At the present which various diseases to control coexist in the same region, no one variety resistant to all of these diseases is provided and cultural practices for the control of these diseases often do not produce sufficient yield of rice. it is emphasized that a role of pesticides is very great.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.318-332
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• 2015

2012년 농림수산 식품부 자료에 따르면 국내 식용 옥수수 재배 면적은 약 15,000 ha, 생산량은 74,399 톤이며, 옥수수의 식량 자급률은 3,8%, 곡물자급률은 0.9% 내외로 소비량의 대부분을 수입에 의존하고 있다. 옥수수 전체 수입량의 75%가 사료용, 23%가 가공용으로 국내 사료 및 산업소재로서 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있지만 옥수수 수입대체 및 품종 개발과 관련된 국내 연구는 내수를 위하여 제한적으로 수행되어 왔기 때문에 그 동안 축적된 기술을 바탕으로 종자시장이 협소한 국내보다는 해외를 대상으로 한 기술 개발이 시급하다. 현재 동남아시아는 외국 투자 유치를 자국 경제 발전의 원동력으로 삼고 외국인 투자자에 대해 면세혜택까지 부여하며 각종 지원책을 내세워 투자를 유도하고 있다. 최근 동남아시아의 경제 성장과 더불어 노동임금과 토지임대료가 올라 농업이 점점 어려워진다는 얘기도 있지만 농업 기계화와 선진 영농을 접목시켜 노동생산성을 높이면 우리나라보다는 발전의 여지가 많이 남아있는 땅이다. 특히 세계적으로 축산물 수요가 증가하는 가운데 옥수수를 이용한 가공식품 및 사료작물의 활용은 좋은 아이템이 아닐 수 없다. 따라서 동남아시아를 대상으로 하는 해외식량기지로서의 가능성을 타진하고 해외 수출용 옥수수 품종을 개발하여 개발 품종에 대한 마케팅 판매 전략의 수립을 목적으로 진행된 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 동남아시아의 주요 곡물 생산량 중 옥수수의 생산량은 1990년대를 기점으로 가축 사육 증가와 더불어 지속적으로 증가하고 있으나 옥수수 재배 농가의 재래종 사용 및 농사를 위한 기본 인프라 시설과 열악한 관개시설, 수확 후 관리기술의 미흡으로 단위면적당 생산성은 낮은 편이다. 최근 급속한 기후 변화로 인한 수량감소도 생산성을 저해하는 중요한 요인으로 작용하면서 내재해 다수성 교잡종 품종의 수요 및 요구도가 높아지고 있다. 2. 인도네시아는 1992년부터 3계교잡을 이용하여 개발된 품종이 보급되기 시작하여 2001년 부터는 단교잡 품종을 개발하여 보급하고 있고 캄보디아는 사료용 옥수수의 거의 대부분을 CP 캄보디아가 농가로부터 수매하여 사료를 제조하고, 농가는 이 회사로부터 옥수수 종자를 구매하여 재배하는 상호 유기적 관계를 유지하고 있었다. 2010년 이후 캄보디아의 주요 재배 품종은 몬산토의 DK8868, DK9955, 신젠타의 NK6326, NK7328, CP그룹의 CP333 등 여전히 다국적 기업 및 현지 로컬 기업의 품종이 재배되고 있었다. 베트남은 동남아시아에서 많은 양의 옥수수를 수입하는 대표적인 국가 중 하나로 1990년부터 2011년까지 평균 수입량이 수출량의 13배에 달한다. 또한 경제성장 및 육류소비의 증가로 인한 사료용 옥수수의 수입으로 베트남의 옥수수는 주변 국가에 비해 높은 시장 가격을 형성하고 있다. 이에 베트남 정부는 정책적인 투자로 생산 효율성 향상을 위해 LVN-10과 같은 다양한 개량종 품종을 개발하고 있을 뿐 아니라 해충저항성, 제초제저항성 품종과 같은 GM작물의 재배를 승인 하였다. 이는 2020년까지 지속가능한 농업을 장려하는 계획과 맞물려 GM작물을 30~50%까지 늘려 농산물의 품질을 개선하여 농촌소득을 증진시킬 계획이다. 3. 국내의 협소한 종자 시장 한계를 극복하기 위해 동남아시아에 우리 농업관련 기관이나 민간기업 등이 진출하려면, 현지의 투자환경과 여건을 사전에 조사하고 외국인과 외국기업에 관련된 법규 및 사례를 충분히 검토하여야 한다. 세계 굴지의 종자회사인 몬산토, 듀퐁, 신젠타 뿐 아니라 로컬 기업이 장악하고 있는 시장으로의 진입을 위해 기술, 품질 및 가격 경쟁력을 갖춘 신품종의 개발이 필요하다. 신품종의 개발은, 사전에 조사한 현지 시장 분석 마케팅 역량 및 정부의 투자지원 정책과 접목되었을 때 농산물의 해외 진출 성과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2020

본 연구는 논에 타 작물(사료작물)인 콩과 이탈리안 라이그라스, 콩과 감자, 콩과 보리의 작부체계를 신규 도입한 농가를 비교 분석하여 시사점을 도출하고, 기술적 해결사항 등을 파악하였다. 콩 및 이탈리안 라이그라스(IRG) 논 작부체계 수익성으로는 콩의 10a당 수량은 325kg이고, kg당 판매단가는 3,962원으로 총수입은 1,288천원이었다. IRG의 10a당 수량은 1,584kg이고, kg당 판매단가는 125원으로 총수입은 198천원이었다. 콩 10a당 소득은 284천원으로 소득률은 22.1%였다. IRG 10a당 소득은 ▽30천원이었다. 콩과 감자, 콩과 보리의 10a당 총수입은 각각 930,000원, 375,000이었다. 작부체계의 유형으로는 소득형 작부체계, 조사료의 생산형, 식량자급률 제고형, 기후변화 대응형, 등 다양한 작부체계 유형이 개발되고 있으나 권역별로 다양한 작부체계 모형은 부족한 상태이며, 대체작목 선정과 지역에 맞는 유형별 작부체계의 재배기술을 더 체계적으로 확립하여야 한다. 경지 이용률과 곡물자급률 등 중장기 목표를 가지고 끊임없는 관련 연구를 통한 작부체계의 기술적 확립이 필요한 시점이라고 할 수 있다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2014

Self-sufficiency rate of food in South Korea is almost at the lowest level among OECD countries, and the decrease tend of farmland is expected to be continued. In this situation, Korea experienced a rapid change in the international price of grain due to changes in amount of grain production and food weaponization. It also started to reinforce the appropriateness of maintenance of farmland above certain standard. As one of policy means for this situation, this study selected "the use of idle farmland" as a subject, and started to consider the way to suggest the policy projects using idle farmland. The result of this study is summarized as follows. Firstly, this study defined the meaning of idle farmland, and set up the scope of idle farmland needed to this study. Secondly, this study analyzed the domestic major policy projects with prevention function of idle farmland as well as the policy projects related to idle farmland. It also investigated "recycling measures of idle farmland" that is recently promoted in Japan, and deducted the direction for developing a new model. Lastly, It suggested 9 policy project models that are finally able to use idle farmland. Suggested models are designed to access from various directions. This study suggested contents, entity, target and characteristics of projects in order to set up proper directions in promoting policy projects using idle farmland.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.107-126
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• 2005

The most limited production resource in Korea is land. During the period from 1995 to 2002, annual farm land area of 17,600ha have been converted to urban and industrial land. The self-sufficiency rate of rice, Korean staple food, is expected to be decreased from 97.5% in 2003 to 60-70% in 2020. Under such conditions, this study is aimed at first identifying multi-functional benefits of the reclamation projects such as agricultural production, industrial water supply, urban land supply, transportation effects, sightseeing effects and environmental values with and without the projects. To carry out the objectives, three existing tideland reclamation projects such as Daeho, Kumgang and Yongsangang irrigation project stage II were evaluated and Saemangeum tideland reclamation project which was jointly revaluated by environmental NGO and Govn't appointed specialists in 2000 was reviewed. According to this study results, tide land reclamation projects were showed financially and economically feasible and environmentally sustainable. The joint cost like estuary dam should be allocated based on the multi-functional benefits of the projects. To allocate the joint cost, legal and institutional improvement should adapt the joint cost allocation method as the specific cost-remaining benefit method. Korea has more than 402,000 ha of tidal flat of which 76,396ha have been reclaimed in 2003. To meet food security and to cope with shortage of land, phil-environmental reclamation projects should be continuously implemented and necessary tidal flats for protecting environmental ecosystem should be remained according to the detail survey results of reclaimable resources.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2018

Food consumption pattern changes, including a decrease in rice consumption and increasing demand for fresh vegetables, along with declining food self-sufficiency rate, more importance is being placed on agricultural industry within Korea. Taking these changes into consideration, there is an increasing necessity for managing upland fields on agricultural sector to revitalize agricultural land use. Therefore, in this study, upland use type was classified into agricultural economic, environmental conservation, and rural social frames. The purpose of this study was to suggest upland use plan with farm manager registration information and spatial data. As results of this analysis, the mean area of agricultural economic frame in Haenam (16.47 ha) was found to be wider than Muan (3.17 ha), and scale improvement zones (54 zones) were located in only Haenam. In case of environmental conservation frame, there's no zone of scenic agriculture land in both study areas, but landuse transition zones were located in Muan (278 zones) and Haenam (604 zones). Agro-healing zones of rural social frame were 1,018 zones in Muan and 1,588 zones in Haenam and kitchen garden sites were 342 zones in Muan and 370 zones in Haenam. These results could be used when we establish the plan of an agricultural infrastructure project or select places for a collaborative agricultural land use project.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.3627-3641
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• 1975

The Government is trying to increase total food grain yield to meet national self sufficiency by means of increasing unit yield as well as extending crop land, and this year he set the target of 321,000 hectare of forest to clear for cropping. This study was carried to investigate the most efficient method of clearing hillock by bulldozer, and successful method to develope yielding potential of newly cleared land in short term. Since the conventional land clearing method is just earth leveling and root removing neglecting top soil treatment, the growth of crop was poor and farmer tends not to care the land. The top-soil-furrowing method is applied through out this study, that is advantageous especially for the land having shallow top soil and low fertility like Korean forest. In this study, various operating method were tried to find out most efficient method separately in connection with the land slope less than 25 percent and over, and several fertilizing methods to develop yielding potential. The results are as follows; 1) For the natural land slope utilization method, applicable to the land having less than 25 percent slope, reverse operating was more efficient than using forward gear of bulldozer. The operating time was 3 hour 32 minutes and 36 seconds using forward gear was 2 hour 32 minutes and 30 seconds for reverse gear operation per 1,000 square meter. 2) Bulldozer having angle blade adjustment needed 7hr 15min. for constructing of terrace per 10a compaire with the one having angle & tilt adjustment needed 6hr 4min for same operations. Specially there is significant difference for operation time of first period (earth cutting) such as bulldozer having angle blade adjustment needed 3hr 56min compaired with the one having angle & tilt adjustment 3hr 59min. In construction of terrace, the bull-dozer having tilting and angle blade adjustment was most suitable and performed efficiently. 3) For the fertilizer application treatment, the grass (Ladino clover) yield in first year was almost same as ordinary field's in the plot applied(N.P.K+lime+manure) while none fertilizer plot showed one tenth of it, and (N.P.K.+lime) applied plot yielded on third. 4) The effect of different land clearing method to yield showed significant difference between each treatment especially in the first year, and the conventional method was the lowest. In the second year, still conventional terracing plot yielded only half of ordinary field while the other plots showed as same as ordinary field's. 5) The downward top soil treatment plot showed most rapid improvement in soil structure during one year physio chemically, it showed increase in pH rate and organic composition, and the soil changed gradually from loam to sand-loam and the moisture content increased against the pF rate, and it gives good condition to grow hay due to the increase of field water capacity with higher available water content. 6) Since the soil of tested area was granite, the rate of soil errosion was increased about 2 to 5 percent influencing in soil structure more sand reducing clay content, and an optimum contour farming method should be prepared as a counter measure of errosion.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2015

Vaccination is the most powerful and useful preparation against infectious diseases. However, developing vaccines costs a lot and requires extensive long-term efforts. Therefore, the government should research and develop vaccines with a national-level policy. To greatly enhance the success rate of vaccine development, the policy should be set up considering priorities such as the current status of domestic research, the importance for public health, the urgency of research. The Delphi technique was utilized to draft this survey, through a brainstorming stage, then two inquiries, and finally the final panel meeting where unresolved items were discussed, to draw the conclusion. Among the results, firstly, the highest ranked item on centralized fields for vaccine development by the Ministry of Health was 'self-sufficiency of vaccines.' Secondly, 'emerging infectious disease' was most highly ranked in prioritized fields of vaccine development and research. Thirdly, for the vaccine that needs to be improved and developed further by the government to improve its efficacy and safety, BCG (Bacille de Calmette) for tuberculosis was ranked the highest on both types (intradermal and subcutaneous injection) from National Immunization Programme (NIP) and non-NIP. As for the high risk pathogens, 'anthrax' and 'smallpox' were first and second, consecutively. Lastly, 'development and control of vaccine candidates' was ranked the highest for the area in need for technique development in order to improve domestic vaccine's research level. The results of this study will be put to good use as basic data for the national vaccine research and development (R&D) policy of the country. This study was first step and more studies should be carried out for the final decision of the national vaccine R&D priority.

• 환경생물
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.283-290
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• 2023

본 연구는 건조처리에 따른 화옹, 새만금, 영산강 간척지 토양에서 키운 옥수수의 한발스트레스를 분광 반사율 분석을 통해 해석하였다. 옥수수의 식생지수는 모든 간척지 처리구에서 토양수분이 급격히 감소하는 관수 정지 20일후까지는 감소하는 경향이 없는 것이 확인되었으며 이후 급격히 감소하는 경향이 확인되었다. 건조처리에 따른 식생지수의 감소율은 새만금>영산강>화옹 간척지 순으로 나타났으며, NDVI는 모든 간척지 토양에서 50%가량 감소하여 잎의 수분함량 감소로 인한 한발스트레스가 발생한 것이 확인되었다. 모든 간척지 토양에서 카로티노이드의 변화를 기반으로 계산되는 SIPI와 PRI가 크게 감소하여 한발스트레스로 인한 광이용효율의 감소와 카로티노이드 함량의 증가가 일어난 것으로 판단되었다.