• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.623-630
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in perception of food hygiene and interest in dietary information among university students. A total of 550 college students from Seoul and the surrounding metropolitan area participated in this questionnaire using one-to-one interviews from September 20th to 28th, 2012. Three groups were classified according to level of awareness and practice of food safety. The highest education level of food safety was in the active-practice group (69.6%), with 58.0% in the want-practice group and 24.6% in the low-practice group. There were significant differences between the awareness and practice groups in terms of importance of food safety (p<0.001). Exactly 74.3% interest in food hygiene was measured in the active-practice group. Interests in dietary and food information were different between the groups: 71.4% for the active-practice group versus 24.6% for the low-practice group (p<0.001). Low-practice group showed the lowest scores for interests in organic food, pesticide-free food, low-pesticide food, slow food, LOHAS, healthy-functional food, nutritional labels, and expiration dates. In conclusion, appropriate levels of food hygiene and food safety education should be provided by the food industry according to perception of food awareness and practice of food safety.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the elementary students' knowledge, attitudes, and practice for food hygiene and safety. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and offered to 375 elementary school students throughout the Seoul region. The results of the survey were as follows: First, the knowledge, attitudes, and practice were not at satisfactory level. The scores of children's knowledge, attitudes, and practice were 67.42%, 3.83, and 3.81 out of 5 point scale, respectively. Second, knowledge, attitudes and practice levels were significantly different according to demographic characteristics. The lower grade-students had significantly higher scores for knowledge (p<.05), attitudes (p<.05) and practice (p<.01) than higher gradestudents, suggesting that food hygiene and safety education is more effective in younger students or that repeated education is needed for higher grade-students. Third, knowledge, attitudes and practice levels were significantly correlated each other. These results suggest that the education programs for food hygiene and safety should be developed for, as well as implemented in, lower elementary school grades.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 1989

This study was conducted to gather the baseline data on realities of experimental-practice and opinions toward spot-practice, and to examine how to cope with the problems raised at the Department of Food and Nutrition of Junior Technical College in Korea. Questionnaires were gathered from 42 chairmans of the Department of Food and Nutrition and 140 Present dieticians worked in Seoul, Bucheon am Seongnam area. The results are as follows, First, as a whole, each college had 2~3 experimental laboratory (Lab), in which Cooking Science Lab. Chemistry Lab and Microbiology Lab were occurred at higher frequency as Lab's name. Second, the numbers per experimental-practice class were more than 40 at most colleges. 85% of Present dieticians have answered to feel too much numbers per the class during their college days, whereas professors' opinions toward the numbers per class were suitable at 20~30 persons per class. Third, professors' opinion toward the adquate ratio of the theory subject classes to experimental subject classes was suitable at 60 : 40. Dieticians answered to take the theory subject classes partly or mostly on behalf of the experimental-practice classes. Fourth, the main reasons which inhibited normal experimental-practice class were the class for emphasis on examination, the shortage of experiment budget, the excess of class members, the shortage of experimental Lab Also, this results showed same propensity to present dieticians' opinion toward the same question above. Fifth, among the experimenta1-practice subjects established at the Department of Food and Nutrition, Diet Therapy Lab was highest frequency class emphasized on theory followed by Nutrition Counselling Lab, Food Processing and Storage Lab, Food Hygiene Lab and Food Microbiology Lab in that order. Here, Basic Chemistry Lab, Biochemistry Lab, Food Microbiology Lab were pointed as subjects far from the present task of dieticians. Sixth, Department of Food and Nutrition, as a whole, has conferred with spot-practice arrangement About 50% (all who want to join spot-practice) of second year students took part in spot-practice. In the other way, all colleges except for 2 colleges didn't give the credit for the spot-practice system. Seventh, according to the on analysis on spot-practice places, manufacturing company was at highest frequcney followed by hospitals, elementary school having group feeding system in that order. Especially, 16.7% (5 colleges) of the total colleges sent the students to the research institute related to food industry for spot-practice experience. Eighth, Professors' opinions toward the spot-practice time and period were preferable on summer vacation of second year and for 1~2 weeks, respectively. On the contrary, 74 dieticians answered to the adquate period as for 4 weeks. Ninth, 86 dieticians of the total 140 answered to complete the spot-practice during their college days, which helps the present task of them. Lacks of spot-practice program, Lacks of comprehension of upper personals and lacks of group feeding equipments ranks higher as difficulties in spot-practice management.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.2 s.92
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• pp.229-236
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• 2006

The study investigated the hygienic practice attitudes of 500 housewives living in the Seoul area through survey. The suey questionnaire evaluated general information, purchasing behaviors, 4 parts of hygienic practice attitude and the associated factors. The subjects were mostly full-time housewives aged in their $30{\sim}40's$, high school graduates from middle-class families who had been married for $6{\sim}10$ years. The mean score for hygienic practice attitude was 2.9 out of 5 point scale, representing a fairly low hygienic practice attitude except for food preparation area(3.4 pt.). Factors affecting hygienic practice attitude were age, occupation, and marriage term. Practice attitude was positively correlated with age (p<0.01). Full-time housewives had better practice attitude. Housewives with <5 and >26 years of marriage showed inferior practice attitude (p<0.05). In addition, food purchasing behaviors were strongly related to hygienic practice attitude. Housewives gathering hygiene information from mass media maintained a significantly higher practice attitude (p<0.05), and so did the housewives focusing on 'nutrition' and 'freshness' when fish and frozen foods were purchased (p<0.05). In contrast, housewives focusing on cost had a significantly lower practice attitude (p<0.05). In conclusion, the level of hygienic practice attitude of housewives was fairly low and was affected by age, occupation status, marriage term and several aspects of purchasing behaviors. Therefore, it is extremely important to conduct training and education for housewives to improve their hygienic practice attitude and awareness of hygiene.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.355-365
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the food sanitation awareness and performance of foodservice industry employees. Based on a literature review, a questionnaire was developed to identify the food sanitation education, experience, knowledge, and food sanitation practices of the employees. A total of 376 Korean food industry employees participated, and there were 344 usable questionnaires. In the analysis of food sanitation knowledge, the statements "clip fingernails short and do not use nail polish", and "if feeling sick, even with a minor cold, speak to your supervisor immediately", had the highest and lowest percentages of correct answers, respectively. In assessing employee sanitary management practices, many correctly acknowledged "clip fingernails short and do not use nail polish" and "wash hands after using the toilet", which received high scores; however, "use hands to pick up ice" and "if feeling sick, even with a minor cold, speak to your supervisor immediately" had low scores. The sanitary knowledge and practice levels of the employees were not significantly different according to gender, age, work area, job title, or duration of duty. Among the surveyed industries, employees of special restaurants had the least sanitary knowledge(p<0.05) and practice scores(p<0.001). Employees who had worked for $1{\sim}3$ years presented the least sanitary management practice level scores(p<0.05).). In addition, college students and participants without hygiene educational experience showed the least levels of sanitary knowledge(p<0.01). Scores for sanitary management practice were higher when hygiene education was regularly conducted more than once per month. Employees showed significantly higher knowledge and sanitary management practice levels when they were required to use a sanitary checklist(p<0.001), and employees who were trained in HACCP had significantly higher sanitary checklist scores(p<0.05). In foodservices that applied HACCP, the employees showed higher knowledge and sanitary management practice levels(p<0.001).

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1022-1032
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• 2014

This research is aimed at evaluating the nutrition knowledge and hygiene knowledge of people who are either foodservice employees or housewives and at providing data for conducting hygiene education by comparing the differences between the two groups. Both groups scored relatively high in nutrition knowledge with housewives scoring 9.9/12 and food service employees scoring 9.6/12. However, foodservice employees scored significantly higher in hygiene knowledge and degree of practice than housewives, A correlation was found between nutrition knowledge and the degree of hygienic practice and a significant correlation between hygiene knowledge and the degree of hygienic practice. The higher the hygiene knowledge was, the higher their degree of hygienic practice was. As for food hygiene information, foodservice employees obtained the information through hygiene education and lecture meetings, but housewives got their information through mass media. To summarize, mass media, which housewives can have easy access, must have programs for housewives to help them improve food hygiene in cooking, and programs for foodservice employees on washing food.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.133-145
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• 2012

The purpose of the study was to examine the adolescents' awareness and practice of Dietary Action Guide for Adolescence, which was developed by the Ministry of Health & Welfare. Subjects were middle and high school students, selected one class each from all of the 16 provinces in Korea, which were 32 schools and 998 students all together. The subjects were asked to self-evaluate the degree of awareness and practice of Dietary Action Guide using the 5 point-Likert scale from July to September, 2010. On average, 55.1% of the students responded that they were aware of the Dietary Action Guide and 49.4% answered that they put Guidelines into practice. The average score of awareness and practice were $3.54{\pm}0.24$ and $3.42{\pm}0.33$, respectively. The awareness score was higher than those of practice score in all the questions in the 6 categories. Awareness score of female students was higher than those of male students but there was no difference by residence area. Awareness and practice of the nutrition education-experienced were higher than those of the inexperienced. Practice score was higher among middle school-students compared to high school students, which reflected the opportunity of taking nutrition related classes. This finding shows that nutrition education for adolescents is important to change their dietary behaviors regardless of gender, residence area and school level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 2011

The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of dietitians' sanitation training performance on the sanitation knowledge and management practice level of culinary employees. We developed a questionnaire to measure the sanitation knowledge and management practice level of culinary employees and the sanitation training performance of dietitians. The questionnaire was completed by 53 dietitians and 337 culinary employees working in food service in the Chungbuk Province. We found that the sanitation training performance of dietitians had a significant positive affect on the sanitation knowledge and management practice level of culinary employees. There was also a correlation between sanitation knowledge and the management practice level of culinary employees. We conclude that sanitation training performance by dietitians is an effective method of improving the sanitation knowledge and management practice level of culinary employees. Thus, we suggest strengthening the sanitation training programs given by dietitians to improve food hygiene and safety in the foodservice industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.323-330
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• 2011

This survey was conducted to investigate the attitude towards food hygiene, and the correlation between sanitary knowledge and the performance of college students in Daejeon. The respondents were composed of 218 food majors and 296 nonmajors. The answer that food hygiene was very important was given more often by food majors (82.9%) and those educated (80.5%) than non-majors (65.1%) and the uneducated (68.7%) (p<0.05). Information on food hygiene was mainly obtained from TV, radio, or the internet. The average food hygiene knowledge score was 4.08 and that in practice was 3.37 (p < 0.001). The average score was lower in practice than knowledge for personal hygiene, food separation use and storage, washing-sterilization of food, and utensils. The average knowledge score was higher for food majors and educated than that in non-majors and uneducated (p<0.001). The degree of HACCP perception was much higher in food majors (34.9%) and educated (37.4%) than in non-majors (5.4%) and uneducated (8.2%). The knowledge and practice scores were correlated (p<0.01). It is necessary that college students be educated to obtain useful knowledge about food hygiene and conduct proper personal food sanitation in their daily life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.245-258
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• 1988

A food life style itself is substrative relations with culture, and is concerned with our daily life. Especially a food taboo comes from the intelligence which resulted from an ancestor's life experience. Accordingly, we can say a food taboo began with human appearance, settled in convention of folklore society, and forms it's own boundary todays. Since a practice of a food taboo is combinded firmly with various sociological factors such as religion, custom, and so on, it is very hard to change, even though the belife of a food taboo is not true. According to the result, first, significant factors effecting on a practice of a food taboo was a level of age, a level of education, religion, family pattern, behavior of subject and her mother for food life management, education of subject and her mother, and religion of subject and her mother. Second, in analysis of factors according to classification of food taboo a practice of a food taboo which classified to food of animal, food of plant and the other food showed significant differences, comparing religion of subject with her mother. Third, a result examined practice frequency and review of science, non science indicated that foods such as Egg of Globefish, Lettuce, Coffee, Persimmon, dried Persimmon, Soybean and Sugar are tabooed on the basis of science, and foods such as Vinegary food, Thieved food, Soup of Tangle and Dogmeat tabooed on the basis of non science. But in the case of Puja, it's basis of science is not identified. These food taboos are tabooed by more then 50% of subjects including who answerd 'there is some case to practice it' Therefore, we should continue analysis of science for the reason of a food taboo, at the same time, provide the origin and try to have a rational food life.