• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1593-1601
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• 2015

Two marine algal halymeniacean species were collected from eastern coast of Korea during the survey of indigenous species of algae. One is distinct from other similar species by foliose thalli with irregular shape and several branches and linear proliferations without division. The other is characterized by indistinct midrib, foliose unbranched thalli and refractive ganglioid cells in medulla. These two species are identified as Grateloupia latissima and Cryptonemia yendoi based on the morphological features, respectively. Morphological and taxonomic notes on these species are included in the present study. This is the first record of G. latissima and C. yendoi from Korea.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권7호
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• pp.11-23
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• 1986

Korea has a long history from several thousand years ago. Specially stonecultural properties were used for the long period in Korea. Ancient tombs of prehistoric age, Sukgul-am (stone cave), Chumsung-dae (astronomical observatory)and stone statue of Buddha in the period of three dynasties were made of stone. There after the foundation stone, mortarstone, millstone, and other stone facilities at home have been also used for a long time. For the conservation of the cultural properties, the ecological distribution of lichens was investigated with the stone buildings around tombs and multistory stonepagodas.1. Yoo-nung (The tomb of Emperor Sungjong) : The stone buildings of granitearound tomb about 80 years old are clean and solid in quality, but they were covered in places with three kinds of lichens as the circle forms of pale-green and dark-gray colored thallus in crustose type. They were examined ecological distribution, identification and measurement of lobe size of lichens.2. Yoong-nung (The tomb of son of Emperor Yung-jong) : Granite buildings around tomb about 200 years old are also clean, moreover, they were also covered with the same kinds of crustose lichens in overlap.3. Yung-nung (The tomb of Emperor Sejong) : More than seven species of crustose, foliose and one species of fruticose lichens were growing on thegranite stone buildings built in about 500 years ago.4. Shilluk-sa multistory brick pagoda : It was built at the Koryo dynasty more than about 700 years. More than 5 species of crustose folios and two species of fruticose lichens were growing well on the granite stone at shade area. It was assumed that foliose lichens as dominant species with the respect of ecological aspect.5. Shilluk-sa multistory marble pagoda : This marble pagoda was built at the middle period of the Koryo dynasty as the same age of multistory brick pagoda. It was covered with black colored thallus such as crustose lichens. It is seemed that only crustose lichens on the stone were due to the drymarble stone. From the results described above, distribution of lichens showed that only crustose lichens on the stone from the short history (about 100-200 years) were grown with small size of circle form, stone buildings over 500 years were covered with crustose, folios and fruticose lichens, and the lichens distribution on the stonemore than 500 years appeared more foliose and fruticose than crustose type. Therefore, it is suggested that the succession of lichens on the stone buildings iscrustose$\rightarrow$foliose$\rightarrow$fruticose.Parmelia mexicana, Cladonia floerkeana, Ramalina yasudae identified are described in this paper and other unidentified species of saxicolous lichens will bedescribed later.

• ALGAE
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2004

The laboratory culture study of Porphyra seriata Kjellman from Korea was conducted at different conditions of temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30${^{\circ}C}$), photon flux densities (10, 20, 40 and 80 $\mu$mol $^{-2}s^{-1}$) and photoperiods (14L: 10D and 10L:14D). Conchocelis filaments grew fast at 15-20${^{\circ}C}$ and 20-80 $\mu$mol $^{-2}s^{-1}$ under both photoperiods. Concho sporangial branches were produced at 5-25${^{\circ}C}$, and abundant when the conchocelis filaments were cultured at higher temperatures of 20-25${^{\circ}C}$ under both photoperiods. Foliose thalli grew well at 15-20${^{\circ}C}$ under 10L:14D and at 20${^{\circ}C}$ under 14L:10D. At 30${^{\circ}C}$, the foliose thallus failed to survive. No archespores were observed at any culture conditions. Spermatangia and zygotosporangia were formed in squarish patches at the upper marginal portion of mature thalli. Anatomical examination revealed that the mature spermatangia were 64 (a/4, b/2, c/8) and 128 (a/4, b/4, c/8), and that of zygotosporangium was 16 (a/2, b/2, c/4) according to the Hus' formula.

• ALGAE
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2011

Physiological studies on the hybrid by crossing between two dioecious species, Porphyra pseudolinearis and P. dentata from Korea were conducted at constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, and $25^{\circ}C$), at photon flux densities (10, 20, 40, and $80\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$) under photoperiods (14 L : 10 D and 10 L : 14 D). In the hybrid, higher growth of conchocelis was observed at 20 and $40\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ under 14 L : 10 D. Conchosporangial branches were produced under $10-80\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ at only $25^{\circ}C$, and were abundant when the conchocelis was cultured under 10 L : 14 D. Foliose thalli of the hybrid grew well at the conditions of $10-20^{\circ}C$, 10 L : 14 D and $15-20^{\circ}C$, 14 L : 10 D. The foliose thalli grew very slowly at $5^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. No archeospores were observed at any culture conditions. Spermatangial and zygotosporangial sori were formed at the marginal portion of mature thallus. Zygotospores from the hybrid were released at $10-2^{\circ}C$ under both photoperiods, and gave rise to form conchocelis filament. Monoecious thalli were observed at $10^{\circ}C$ under 14 L : 10 D. Neither monospores nor protothalli were produced from the conchocelis in culture.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.353-357
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• 2000

Porphyra pseudolinearis and P. dentata from Korea were crossed and the hybrid was cultured at different temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20 or $25^{\circ}C$), photon flux densities (10, 20, 40 or 80${\mu}$mol m$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$) under photoperiods (14L:10D and 10L:14D). In the hybrids, the conchocelis grew faster at 2$0^{\circ}C$ and 40$\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ at $25^{\circ}C$ only, and were abundant, when cultured under 10L:14D. Foliose thalli of the hybrid grew rapidly at conditions of 10-2$0^{\circ}C$, 10L:14D and 15-2$0^{\circ}C$, 14L:10D but slowly at 5 and 2$0^{\circ}C$. No archeospores were observed any tested culture condition. Spermatangial and zygotosporangial sori were formed at the marginal portion o mature thallus. Zygotospores from the hybrid were released at 10-2$0^{\circ}C$ under both photoperiods, and gave rise to form conchocelis filament. Monoecious thalli were observed at 1$0^{\circ}C$ under 14L:10D. Neither monospores nor protothalli were produced from the conchocelis in culture.

• ALGAE
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.247-263
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• 2015

We sequenced the rbcL gene in more than 100 collections of foliose Bangiales made in the Aleutian Islands and western Alaska Peninsula during the past 25 years. This work allows us to recognize four previously undescribed species, two in the genus Boreophyllum and two in Pyropia. Boreophyllum aleuticum appears to be endemic to the Aleutian Islands, whereas B. ambiguum is known to occur from the Yakutat area to the tip of the Alaska Peninsula. The two previously undescribed species of Pyropia are more broadly distributed. Pyropia taeniata, which was previously identified under the name Py. pseudolinearis, occurs from northern Southeast Alaska through the Aleutian Islands. Pyropia unabbottiae, which is sister to Py. abbottiae, occurs from southern Vancouver Island to Attu Island. Collections throughout the Aleutian Islands allow us to document the distribution of another dozen species of foliose Bangiales in this region, including Boreophyllum aestivale, Fuscifolium tasa, Pyropia fallax, Py. fucicola, Py. gardneri, Py. kurogii, Py. nereocystis, Py. pseudolanceolata, Py. torta, Wildemania amplissima, W. norrisii, and W. variegata. We were unable to confirm the occurrence of the following species previously recorded from the Aleutian Islands: Porphya ochotensis, Pyropia abbottiae, Py. perforata, Py. pseudolinearis, P. purpurea, P. umbilicalis, Py. yezoensis and Wildemania schizophylla. At least two undescribed filamentous Bangiales also occur in the Aleutian Islands.

• ALGAE
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

Here we report the first finding of Cryptonemia rotunda and Schizymenia apoda in Korea based on plastid rbcL sequence analysis and morphological observations. C. rotunda occurred in the subtidal in Hongdo and Namyeodo on the south coast. Thalli have short stipe with foliose, membranous blades with dentate margin, a length of 2-8 cm. S. apoda occurred in many locations along the coast of Korea. Thalli are foliose, simple or broadly lanceolate blades with irregular lobes and proliferations from the margins, sometimes undulate, soft fleshy, and slippery, up to 32 cm tall, and have cystocarps with ostioles on the blade. Plastid rbcL sequences reveal that each of these species is clearly separated from other species of their respective genera. S. apoda was well resolved within the genus. However, C. rotunda was distantly related to other members of the genus, and this result needs an urgent revision of the genus.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2000

1996년 2월 24일 전남 진도에서 채집한 넓은둥근돌김을 엽상체기와 사상체기의 생장, 성숙에 미치는 온도, 광량, 광주기의 영향을 구명하고 둥근돌김과의 생리특성을 비교하고자 수행하였다. 넓은둥근돌김의 엽상체와 사상체는 장.단일하의 5~$25^{\circ}C$에서 생장하며 엽상체는 장일하의 15$^{\circ}C$와 단일하의 10, 15$^{\circ}C$에서 생장과 성숙이 이루어졌고 엽형은 단일하의 1$0^{\circ}C$에서 천연의 조체와 비슷한 폭이 넓은 둥근형으로 되었다. 사상체의 생장은 양광주기하의 2$0^{\circ}C$이상, 40~80${\mu}$mol m$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$의 광량조건에서 빨랐으며, 광주기는 단일조건에 비하여 장일조건이 더 빨랐다. 각포자낭의 형성은 장, 단일하의 15~$25^{\circ}C$에서 나타났으며 각포자낭 형성시기 및 형성률은 단일하의 $25^{\circ}C$에서 빠르고 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 넓은둥근돌김은 엽상체 및 사상체기에 있어서 둥근돌김과는 다른 생리특성을 갖는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 넓은둥근돌김은 장일, 고온하의 조건이 5월 이후에도 천연에서 생육 가능성이 높은 것으로 추정되며 하기에도 유아 상태로 여름을 지날 수 있는 가능성이 높은 것으로 시사되었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.334-340
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• 2004

본 연구는 환경조건에 따른 지의류분포에 대한 기초 자료를 얻고자 수시로 해수와 접하는 지역의 해안가 암석과 해안에서 약 20 m 이상 떨어진 곳에 위치한 노지암석에서 살아가는 지의류를 대상으로 처음 수행되었다. rDNA ITS clone 유전자의 염기서열 및 형태학적 분석을 기초로 하여 비교 분석한 결과 해수와 직법 접하는 곳에 위치한 암석에서는 9과(family) 15 속(genus)에 속하는 지의류가 분포되어 있었고, 노지암석에서는 10과 14 속에 속하는 지의류가 분포되어 그 다양성에 있어 큰 차이가 없었다. Parmeliaceae 과에 포함된 것 중 엽상형(foliose)인 Phaeophyscia, physcia, Pyxine와 Parmeliaceae과에 속하는 Xanthoparmelia가 해안가 암석에 분포하는 대표적인 지의류로 나타났고, 수지상(fruticose) 지의류로는 Ramalinaceae과에 속하는 Ramalina 속 2종이 유일하게 분포하고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 가상형 (crustose) 지의류는 Lecanora속이 대표적인 해안가 암석에 분포하는 지의류로 나타났다. 반면, 노지암석위의 흙이나 이끼 낀 곳에서 발견되었으나 해안가 암석에서 발견되지 않은 지의류로는 엽상형인 Cladonia, 수지상 지의류인 Sterocaulon, 가상형 지의류인 Porpidia로 조사되었다. 가상형(crustose) 지의류인 Caloplaca, Candelaria, Dirinaria, Graphis, Rhizocarpon, Pertusaria 등이 해안가 암석에 분포하고 있음이 확인되었으나 매우 드물게 나타났으며 이들 지의류 모두는 해안가에서 비교적 멀리 떨어진 노지암석에서 대부분 분포하고 있음이 밝혀졌다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 1983

The epiphytic lichen communities were analysed in terms of cluster analysis on forty two stands and eight environmental variables in Mt. Duckyoo. Ordination of stand and species by principal component analysis (PCA) and sum of square algorithm (SSA) gave similar results. Species cluster showed three groups(I, II, III) and stand revealed three groups (A, B, C). Interaction of stand and species cluster was interpreted by analysis of concentration technique. The results indicated a significant cluster structure at the level of different environment variable.