• Informatization Policy
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.81-95
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• 2019

This study explores how the advanced data analysis capabilities of intelligent information technology are being utilized in politics. In particular, we focus on the fact that voter behavioral targeting in election campaigns comes into conflict with the democratic process in various ways. For this purpose, this study examines political micro-targeting and political bots. It is aimed at showing that these technology-based campaign techniques work as a factor preventing free expression of opinions and discussions, which are the core of democracy itself. Then we identify the attributes of the algorithm that affects them. As a result, this study suggests that the following issues might arise regarding intelligent information technology-based politics and democracy. First, inequality in political participation becomes more severe. Second, the public debate between voters gets more difficult. Third, superficial politics is prevalent. Fourth, single-issue politics and the exclusion of political representation is likely to increase. Fifth, political privacy might also be invaded. Based on our discussions, this study concludes that it is our role to find ways by which intelligent information technology and democracy can coexist.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.371-377
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• 2020

Currently used iris cameras are expensive and have many limitations in their use. Existing iris cameras are inconvenient in interworking with newly developed software, and light reflections generated during iris photography are inadequate for medical use. Therefore, it is impossible to utilize the existing camera to take an image by yourself. In this paper, the iris camera is newly constructed so that the iris can be photographed by ourselves and the area of interest can be seen well. Anyone can easily wear glasses-type iris cameras to acquire images using IoT devices, and the acquired images are linked to the iris analysis program and used to read genetic weak parts. The proposed iris camera module automatically provides light reflection, shake, and accurate focus when capturing images, increasing the accuracy of image analysis to 91.49%. In addition, we have proved through experiments that one image processing time is fast as 0.007ms due to accurate image input.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.157-167
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• 2009

Recently, the leakage of confidential information and personal information is taking place on the Internet more frequently than ever before. Most of such online security incidents are caused by attacks on vulnerabilities in web applications developed carelessly. It is impossible to detect an attack on a web application with existing firewalls and intrusion detection systems. Besides, the signature-based detection has a limited capability in detecting new threats. Therefore, many researches concerning the method to detect attacks on web applications are employing anomaly-based detection methods that use the web traffic analysis. Much research about anomaly-based detection through the normal web traffic analysis focus on three problems - the method to accurately analyze given web traffic, system performance needed for inspecting application payload of the packet required to detect attack on application layer and the maintenance and costs of lots of network security devices newly installed. The UTM(Unified Threat Management) system, a suggested solution for the problem, had a goal of resolving all of security problems at a time, but is not being widely used due to its low efficiency and high costs. Besides, the web filter that performs one of the functions of the UTM system, can not adequately detect a variety of recent sophisticated attacks on web applications. In order to resolve such problems, studies are being carried out on the web application firewall to introduce a new network security system. As such studies focus on speeding up packet processing by depending on high-priced hardware, the costs to deploy a web application firewall are rising. In addition, the current anomaly-based detection technologies that do not take into account the characteristics of the web application is causing lots of false positives and false negatives. In order to reduce false positives and false negatives, this study suggested a realtime anomaly detection method based on the analysis of the length of parameter value contained in the web client's request. In addition, it designed and suggested a WAF(Web Application Firewall) that can be applied to a low-priced system or legacy system to process application data without the help of an exclusive hardware. Furthermore, it suggested a method to resolve sluggish performance attributed to copying packets into application area for application data processing, Consequently, this study provide to deploy an effective web application firewall at a low cost at the moment when the deployment of an additional security system was considered burdened due to lots of network security systems currently used.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.9 no.spc3
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• pp.209-224
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• 2006

Hierarchy which is often named as the tree-structure is used to reduce complexity and show primitive structures of complicated information. This paper aims at explaining information-visualization methods using hierarchies in multimedia domains and prospecting the possible applications by examining how they affect the user's tasks involved in information-seeking activities. As a result, four types of information visualization methods named Treemap, Hyperbolic, Cone Tree and DOI Tree employed in multimedia domain, are presented and pros and cons of each method are explained in this paper. Another important part is defining the core tasks and other related-tasks in information-seeking activities, such as, overview, zoom, filter, details-on-demand, relate, history, and extract. Followings are major findings. Treemap uses 'overview' as the core task, which makes user to gain a overall meaning of the whole information cluster. Hyperbolic and DOI Tree apply 'Boom' task through the function of focus+context or by the function of meaningful scaling to magnify or downsize each node. Cone Tree, also, makes the information organizer to classify the patterns of information acquired in the process of users' information-seeking activities by using 'extract' task. Through this study, it is finally found out that the information-visualization methods using hierarchies in multimedia domains should incorporate the wide variety of functional needs related to users' information-seeking behaviors beyond the visual representation of information.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.249-257
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• 2017

Filtering the data for travel time records obtained from DSRC probes is essential for a better estimation of the link travel time. This study addresses the major deficiency in the performance of TRANSGUIDE in removing anomalous data. This algorithm is unable to handle unstable traffic flow conditions for certain time intervals, where fluctuations are observed. In this regard, this study proposes an algorithm that is capable of overcoming the weaknesses of TRANSGUIDE. If TRANSGUIDE fails to validate sufficient number of observations inside one time interval, another process specifies a new validity range based on the median absolute deviation (MAD), a common statistical approach. The proposed algorithm suggests the parameters, ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$, to consider the maximum allowed outlier within a one-time interval to respond to certain traffic flow conditions. The parameter estimation relies on historical data because it needs to be updated frequently. To test the proposed algorithm, the DSRC probe travel time data were collected from a multilane highway road section. Calibration of the model was performed by statistical data analysis through using cumulative relative frequency. The qualitative evaluation shows satisfactory performance. The proposed model overcomes the deficiency associated with the rapid change in travel time.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.40.1-40.1
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• 2010

The Main payload of the STSAT-3 (Korea Science & Technology Satellite-3), MIRIS (Multipurpose Infra-Red Imaging System) has been developed for last 3 years by KASI, and its Flight Model (FM) is now being developed as the final stage. All optical lenses and the opto-mechanical components of the FM have been completely fabricated with slight modifications that have been made to some components based on the Engineering Qualification Model (EQM) performances. The components of the telescope have been assembled and the test results show its optical performances are acceptable for required specifications in visual wavelength (@633 nm) at room temperature. The ensuing focal plane integration and focus test will be made soon using the vacuum chamber. The MIRIS mechanical structure of the EQM has been modified to develop FM according to the performance and environment test results. The filter-wheel module in the cryostat was newly designed with Finite Element Analysis (FEM) in order to compensate for the vibration stress in the launching conditions. Surface finishing of all components were also modified to implement the thermal model for the passive cooling technique. The FM electronics design has been completed for final fabrication process. Some minor modifications of the electronics boards were made based on EQM test performances. The ground calibration tests of MIRIS FM will be made with the science grade Teledyne PICNIC IR-array.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2007

[ $CO_2$ ] laser sees that is most suitable to get this effect through minimum formation damage and advantage that is root enemy of effect that happen in minimum cellular tissue depth of 0.1mm is stable living body organization or internal organs institution. Formation damage by ten can be related in formation's kind or energy density, length of evaporation time. If shorten evaporation time, surroundings cellular thermal damage 200 - because happen within 400um laser beam in rain focus sacred ground surroundings cellular tissue without vitiation me by evaporation Poe of very small floor as is clean steam can . Application is possible to vulva cuticle cousins by a paternal aunt quantity, uterine cancer, cuticle tumor by laser system that $CO_2$ laser gets into standard in obstetrics and gynecology application. Because effect that super pulse output is ten enemies of laser if uniformity one pulse durations are short almost is decreased, most of all pulse module special quality of Pulse style $CO_2$ laser for obstetrics and gynecology mode stabilization by weight very, in this research to get into short pulse duration and higher frequency density, do switching by high frequency in DC-DC Converter output DC's ripple high frequency to be changed, high frequency done current ripple amount of condenser for output filter greatly reduce can . Ripple of output approximately to Zero realization applying possible inductor realization through a special quality experiment do.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.183-184
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• 2013

Two main MBE growth techniques have been used: plasma-assisted MBE (PA-MBE), which utilizes a rf plasma to supply active nitrogen, and ammonia MBE, in which nitrogen is supplied by pyrolysis of NH3 on the sample surface during growth. PA-MBE is typically performed under metal-rich growth conditions, which results in the formation of gallium droplets on the sample surface and a narrow range of conditions for optimal growth. In contrast, high-quality GaN films can be grown by ammonia MBE under an excess nitrogen flux, which in principle should result in improved device uniformity due to the elimination of droplets and wider range of stable growth conditions. A drawback of ammonia MBE, on the other hand, is a serious memory effect of NH3 condensed on the cryo-panels and the vicinity of heaters, which ruins the control of critical growth stages, i.e. the native oxide desorption and the surface reconstruction, and the accurate control of V/III ratio, especially in the initial stage of seed layer growth. In this paper, we demonstrate that the reliable and reproducible growth of GaN on Si (110) substrates is successfully achieved by combining two MBE growth technologies using rf plasma and ammonia and setting a proper growth protocol. Samples were grown in a MBE system equipped with both a nitrogen rf plasma source (SVT) and an ammonia source. The ammonia gas purity was ＞99.9999% and further purified by using a getter filter. The custom-made injector designed to focus the ammonia flux onto the substrate was used for the gas delivery, while aluminum and gallium were provided via conventional effusion cells. The growth sequence to minimize the residual ammonia and subsequent memory effects is the following: (1) Native oxides are desorbed at $750^{\circ}C$ (Fig. (a) for [$1^-10$] and [001] azimuth) (2) 40 nm thick AlN is first grown using nitrogen rf plasma source at $900^{\circ}C$ nder the optimized condition to maintain the layer by layer growth of AlN buffer layer and slightly Al-rich condition. (Fig. (b)) (3) After switching to ammonia source, GaN growth is initiated with different V/III ratio and temperature conditions. A streaky RHEED pattern with an appearance of a weak ($2{\times}2$) reconstruction characteristic of Ga-polarity is observed all along the growth of subsequent GaN layer under optimized conditions. (Fig. (c)) The structural properties as well as dislocation densities as a function of growth conditions have been investigated using symmetrical and asymmetrical x-ray rocking curves. The electrical characteristics as a function of buffer and GaN layer growth conditions as well as the growth sequence will be also discussed. Figure: (a) RHEED pattern after oxide desorption (b) after 40 nm thick AlN growth using nitrogen rf plasma source and (c) after 600 nm thick GaN growth using ammonia source for (upper) [110] and (lower) [001] azimuth.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.29-36
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• 2008

This study examined the de-icing agents' stresses on Pinus strobus and Pinus thunbergii by chlorophyll fluorescence analysis. The assumption of this study was that photosynthetic efficiency was changed by de-icing agents applied onto highways in winter by altering the concentration of the de-icier, types of de-icer and leaf surface coating liquid application. The practical purpose of this study was to investigate the de-icing gents stresses on Pinus strobus by the highway area where de-icing agents were used frequently and to discover out minimizing stratages to prevent further damages. or this simulation study, a sample plot was established in Bogae-myeon, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do and Pinus strobus and Pinus thunbergii were planted for the examination in April, 2005. Five types of de-icing agents - NaCl, $CaCl_2$, T product(NS40:low cWoride de-icer type), NaCl+$CaCl_2$ and T product+$CaCl_2$ - were selected and the their concentration was altered to 0%, 5%, and 9%. Five types of de-icing agents were applied to both trees treated by a leaf surface coating liquid and trees not treated by leaf surface coating liquid. For the fluorescence analysis, the leaf surface coating liquid, which was diluted by 10 times, was sprkinkled onto the two tree species three days prior to gathering samples. Sample leaves from the two tree species were gathered at 10 o'clock in the morning of mid-August, 2006 and brought to the laboratory within three hours to be dipped in different concentrations (0%, 5%, or 9%) of the five de-icing agents for two minutes. Then the eaves were placed on the filter paper dipped in each solution on a petri dish, sealed with polyethylene film and kept in a growth chamber at $22^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours. Out of the growth chamber, the leaves were treated with a chorophyll fluorescence reaction analyzer for 30 minutes to measure the initial light acceptance rate(Fo), maximum light acceptance ate(Fv/Fm), light acceptance usage(F' q/F' m) and optical electron delivery coefficient(qP). As a result, Pinus strobus' initial light acceptance rate(Fo) decreased as T product and NaCl increased in concentration, and $Cal_2$ did not reduce much with the eaf surface coating liquid application. Maximum light acceptance rate(Fv/Fm) and light acceptance usage(F' q/F' m) decreased sharply as T product and NaCl increased in concentration and NaCl+$CaCl_2$ and T product+$CaCl_2$ did not reduce much with leaf surface coating liquid application. Optical electrons delivery coefficient (qP) decreased as T product increased in concentration on trees without the leaf surface coating liquid application and all other de-icing agents did not show much reduction. As for Pinus thunbergii, the initial light acceptance rate(Fo) decreased as T product increased in concentration, but the maximum light acceptance rate(Fv/Fm) was not reduced much by changes in concentration. light acceptance usage(F' q/F' m) decreased as NaCl increased in concentration and optical electron delivery coefficient(qP) decreased as NaCl increased in concentration in both with and without leaf surface coating liquid application. In conclusion, it was possible to plant Pinus strobus if spraying leaf surface coating liquid or cleaning deicing salt to prevent the damage caused by deicing agents was more economical than replacing the trees. If not, it was better to plant Pinus thunbergii. Another way to decrease the deicing gents stresses of landscape plants would be planting the trees further away from the roads even though it might take longer period to display its planting functions.