• 한국결정학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 1991

p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde 4-(p-ethoxyphenyl) thiosemicarbazone, C18H22N4OS의, 단위포상수는 단사정계 a=11.802(2), b=31.962(2), c=9.829(2)A, β=100.12(1)˚, V=3694.8A3이며 F(000)=1472, Mr=342.47, 공간군은 P2₁/c, Z=8, Dx=1.246 Mg m-3, Dm=1.17Mg m-3, μ=0.15mm-1이다. T=294 K에서 Mo Ka(λ=0.71073 A)을 사용하여 최종 R값은 0.0856이다. 비대칭단위내의 두개 분자간의 구조상의 큰차이는 C(9)-N(1)-C(6)-C(7)의 비틀림각이 각각 58.8(8)˚와 1(1)˚인것으로, 각 분자는 길이가 각각 2.613(7)과 2.566(7) A인 N(1)-H(10)'N(3) 분자내 수고결합을 하고 있으며 각 분자는 N(2)원자를 정점으로 하여 V-모양을 하고 있다. 독립적인 두 분자는 두개의 분자간 수소 결합 N(2)-H(11)'S'=3.367(5) A과 N(2')-H(11')'S=3.421(4)A으로 연결되어 이중체(dimer)를 형성하고 있으며 그 이중체들은 van der Waals력으로 결합되어 있다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1992

The inhibitory effects of mercury ions on the growth of barley seedlings were studied and the distribution of metal elements in the organs of treated plants was investigated by using synchrotron radiation induced X-ray emission (SRIXE). Although the treatment of mercury ions caused growth inhibition, the mercury-specific increase in variable fluorescence and the abolishment of energy-dependent quenching in broken barley chloroplasts as shown by Moon et at. (1992) were not observed in the leaves of growth-inhibited seedlings. Instead the treatment of mercury decreased Fmax and Fo values. However, Fmax/Fo ratio and photochemical and nonphotochemical quenching coefficients were not affected significantly. By SRIXE analysis of $10\mu\textrm{m}$ mercury chloride treated seedlings, accumulation of mercury in roots was observed after 1 hour of treatment and similar concentration was sustained for 48 hours. Relative contents of mercury was high in roots and underground nodes where seeds were attachedl but was very low in leaves. Iron and zinc were also distributed mainly in the lower parts of the seedlings. However after 72 hours of treatment the contents of these metals in roots decreased and their distribution became more uniform, which may lead to death of the plants. These results suggest that the observed inhibitory effects on barley seedlings upto 48 hours after the treatment is not due to direct damages in the photosynthetic apparatus, but due to its accumulation in roots and the consequent retardation of the growth of barley seedlings. The decrease in Fmax and Fo is probably due to the decrease in chlorophyll and protein contents caused by the retardation of growth. The observed slow expansion of primary leaves could be also explained by the retardation of growth, but the fluorescence induction pattern from the leaves did not show characteristic symptoms of leaves under water stress.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.56-56
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 자생 상록 목본 3종의 실내도입을 위하여 몇 가지 광량조건에서의 식물생육 및 광화학 반응을 조사하였다. 식물재료는 황칠나무[Dendropanax trifidus (Thunb.) Makino ex H. Hara], 먼나무(Ilex rotunda Thunb.), 편백[Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl.]의 2년생 실생묘를 유리온실에 재배하면서 실험에 사용하였다. 실내에 조사되는 광환경을 측정하여 광량 10, 50, 100 및 200 PPFD(${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$)를 처리구로 설정하였다. 실내환경은 광주기(12/12 h), 온도($25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) 및 습도($55{\pm}3%$)를 유지하였으며, 1회/3일 간격으로 관수하였다. 유리온실에서 동일기간 동안 재배중인 식물을 대조구로 사용하였으며, 실험은 8주간 수행되었다. 황칠나무와 먼나무는 200 PPFD의 높은 광량에서 초장, 줄기직경, 엽장, 엽수 등의 생육수치가 우수하였다. 반면 두 종 모두 10 PPFD 광량에서는 재배기간 중 잎이 말라가는 현상이 관찰되었으며 8주차에 모든 식물체가 고사하였다. 이는 10 PPFD 광량에서 재배된 황칠나무와 먼나무의 광화학반응에서도 Fv/Fm (-0.10, -0.08) 및 Fm/Fo (0.91, 0.93)가 낮은 수치로 조사된 반응과 일치하였다. 한편 편백나무는 모든 광량조건에서 대조구에 비해 초장 및 줄기직경 등의 생육이 우수하였으나, 10 PPFD의 낮은 광량에서는 Fv/Fm (0.16) 및 Fm/Fo (1.60)가 타 처리구에 비해 낮은 수치로 조사되었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1986

As a preliminary experiment to establish the process on the sexing of mouse embryos by chromosomal analysis, present studies were carried out with inbred (ICR, C57BL) and F1 hybrid [(ICR${\times}$C57BL) = F1 ${\times}$ ICR] mice to investigate the blastomere numbers and mitotic indices (M.I.) to the developmental stage of embryos recovered, the optimum periods of anti-mitotic agent administration, the successful rates of sexing and sex-ratio. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The blastomere numbers (mean${\pm}$S.E.) of the morula and blastocyst were 18${\pm}$0.4 and 54${\pm}$0.7, respectively. 2. Whereas the M.I. of F1 hybrid (16${\pm}$0.2%) was higher than that fo inbred ICR (15${\pm}$0.1%) and C57BL (12${\pm}$0.6%) in the different strains, the morula (7${\pm}$0.6%) was higher than that of blastocyst (6${\pm}$0.4%) in the case of embryo stages. 3. Following to anti-mitotic agents treated, the M.I. of embryos cultured with Colcemid (17${\pm}$1.1%) was superior to that fo embryos cultured with Velban (12${\pm}$0.9%) and the Colcemid injection (7${\pm}$0.4%). 4. The successful rate of sexing in the blastocyst (38.7%; 124/320) was superior to the morula (35.9%; 52/145), and the F1 hybrid (48.1%) was higher than that of inbred ICR (42.4%) and C57 BL (28.2%). 5. In the successful rate of sexing to the methods of administration, the embryos cultured with Colcemid (46.0%) was superior to that of embryos cultured with Velban (39.0%) and the Colcemid injection (38.8%). 6. Of 98 embryos sexed after culture with Colcemid, 89(90.8%) were observed between 2 and 4 hrs. In the case of Velban treatment, 83.1% (74/89) was observed between 2$\frac{1}{2}$ and 4$\frac{1}{2}$ hrs. 7. Out of 761 prepared embryos it was possible to sex 311; 157 were male and 154 were female, i.e.a sex-ratio of 50% a, pp.oximately.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2021

시설 토양 오이재배에서 토양수분장력계를 이용하여 관수 제어하였을 때 오이의 광합성 형광반응, 수액 흐름, 엽온 등에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실험을 수행하였다. 오이(Cucumis sativus L.)'청춘'(해오름 종묘)을 공시하여 관수개시점 10-10-20kPa 또는 20-10-10kPa의 2처리하였다. 766 ~ 854 W·m-2의 고광, 32℃ 이상의 고온인 처리 66일 째 광합성형광반응변수(Fo, Fm, Fv/Fm)값은 처리 간 차이가 컸다. 66일 째 낮 시간(오전 10시 반 ~ 오후 6시)의 Fo와 Fv/Fm값은 10-10-20kPa 처리보다 20-10-10kPa 처리에서 높았다. 엽온이 높았을 때 Fv/Fm값은 감소하였다. 28일과 66일째 엽 생육(엽장, 엽폭, 엽면적)은 차이가 없었으나 엽록소 함량(SPAD 값)은 20-10-10kPa 처리에서 유의하게 높았다. 광도와 온도가 증가함에 따라 줄기수액흐름상대율(SFRR)과 엽온은 상승하였다. 두 처리구 모두SFRR은 광도 170 W·m-2 이상인 오전 8시 ~ 9시간대에 급격한 증가가 시작되었다. 관수 후의 처리구 토양 온도는 감소하였으나, 7월 5일(광도 820W·m-2, 오후 1시) 토양 온도가 10-10-20kPa에서는 31.0℃, 20-10-10kPa에서는 28.5℃였다. 그러나 처리 간 SFRR, 엽온, 기온차, VPD는 차이가 없었다. SFRR과 엽온 간에는 정의 상관성(p < 0.01, r = 0.770)을 보였으며, SFRR과 엽온은 광, 온도, 토양 온도, 토양수분함량, VPD 간에는 정의 상관을 상대습도와 기온차 간에는 부의 상관을 보였다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1996

To investigate the chilling sensitivity related injuries in the photosynthetic apparatus of cucumber leaves, the light-chilling induced alterations of chlorophyll fluorescence transients in cucumber leaves were compared with those in pea leaves. As an early effect of light-chilling, an increase in Fp/Fm$^*$ was observed in both pea and cucumber leaves, which was saturated by about 6 h chilling. However, the saturated value of Fp/Fm was almost 1.0 in cucumber, in contrast to about 0.8 in pea. During the recovery period after 24 h chilling, the light-chilling induced changes in pea seemed to be reversed, but those in cucumber leaves were thought to be irreversible, because Fo was increased significantly. Light-chilling caused significant decreases in qQ and qE in cucumber leaves, but qR was increased until 6 h, and decreased thereafter. In both pea and cucumber leaves, Fm was increased by 2 h dark treatment. The Fm from the predarkened pea leaf discs was higher than the value from the preilluminated ones during the whole period of light-chilling (500 $\mu$mol m$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ PAR). However, the predarkened cucumber leaf discs showed a reduction in Fm and an increase in Fo during the 2 h chilling in the light. These results indicate that the causes of chilling sensitivities in photosynthetic apparatus of cucumber leaves are possibly related with the damage in PSI reaction center and the ability of acidification of lumen by PSII.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2015

This study was conducted to identify the differences in voice characteristic variables before and after taking a certain amount of high-caffeine. Linear PCM-M10 Recorder (SONY) was used for the recorder and basic frequency of the voice (Fo), frequency fluctuation rate (jitter), amplitude fluctuation rate (shimmer) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) were measured using TF-32(University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA). First, prolonged phonation analysis results of /ah/ by male subjects showed the shimmer values after taking high-caffeine increased statistically significantly(p<.05) compared with before the intake and SNR values significantly decreased. (p<.05). On the other hand, female subjects didn't show any statistically significant differences in all variables. Second, male subjects showed statistically significant increased shimmer values after the intake compared with before the intake at /ah/ of syllable 'na' and /ah/ in 'ra' in 'autumn' paragraph (p<.05), and jitter values significantly increased at /ah/ in 'ah' (p<.05). However, female subjects didn't show any statistically significant differences in all variables. Results of this study showed that high-caffeine intake more affects male subjects than female subjects. In male subjects, shimmer and SNR changed at vowel prolonged phonation, /ah/, and study results showed that shimmer and SNR in 'Autumn' paragraph /na/, /ra/ and jitter in /ah/ could be identified as the variables to show the voice change.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2007년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.115-119
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• 2007

In this paper, a flow visualization analysis has been carried out on an oscillating square section cylinder, numerically, using a commercially available code CFD-ACE. In this study, the square cylinder is forced to oscillate at different frequencies of excitation, viz., fe/fo=0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 (where, fe is the excitation frequency provided to the cylinder and fo is the natural vortex shedding frequency from the stationary cylinder at a particular Reynolds number (=5200). In all the cases, the peak-to-peak amplitude of oscillation is kept at 32% of the side dimension of the square cylinder. These studies are conducted to understand the influence of frequency of oscillation on the flow field features around the cylinder, particularly the mode of vortex shedding. Results indicate that, the flow field around a square cylinder is very much influenced by the excitation frequency, in particular the vortex shedding mode. It is also found that, the vortex street parameters are significantly influence by the oscillation frequency. Comparison with earlier reported experimental studies has also been attempted in this paper. In appears that, such a numerical exercise (as performed in this paper) is first of its kind. It is believed that, these studies would enable one to understand the mechanisms underlying the flow-induced vibrations of a square section cylinder.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.792-798
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• 2000

Alumina composites reinforced with SiC whiskers only or combinded with TiC particles were prepared by hot-pressing at 1850$^{\circ}C$ for 1h. The mechanical properties and microstructures of composites were investigated in this study. By of addition either 20 vol% SiC whiskers or 20 vol% TiC particles, the flexural strength fo alumina was increased from 360 MPa to 650 MPa or 730 MPa, respectively, and the KIC was also increased from 3.5 MPa$.$m1/2 to 5.5MPa$.$m1/2 or 4.4MPa$.$m1/2, respectively. In the case of composites with 20 vol% SiC whiskers and 2 vol% TiC particles. The flexural strength and KIC showed relatively high value of 800 MPa and 5.3MPa$.$m1/2, respectively. The improvement of mechanical properties was considered to be due to both the smaller average grain size and the crack deflection.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1994년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.156-159
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• 1994

The electrical property of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) films (several hundreds ∼ several $\mu\textrm{m}$ in thickness) formed by sphere bulb blowing technique, has been studied. The electrical conductivity of relatively thick films (>several thousands ) has been very high and enhanced by the exposure either to high humidity fo air or NH$_3$. which can be explained in terms of the role of ionic transport. The use of PVA film as NH$_3$ sensor is also proposed. In PVA films less than 1500 , two conducting states: high conducting and low conducting states, are observed.