• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.174-183
• /
• 2022

본 논문에서는 내부 유체를 갖는 수중에 몰수된 탄성 쉘이 기포층으로 둘러싸여 있을 때의 음향 방사를 모드 이론을 이용해 연구했다. 전 방향성의 점음원이 내부 유체의 중심에 위치해 있고 음향 소음원으로서 사용되었다. 모드 해의 미지수는 매질 사이의 경계조건으로부터 계산된다. 넓은 주파수 대역에서 모드 해의 안정성을 유지하기 위해, 모드 해의 규격 기법이 사용되었다. 기포 층은 Commander와 Prosperetti의 유효 매질 이론에 기반하여, 단일 모드 분포, 균일 분포, 정규 분포, 멱함수 분포를 이용해 각각 모의되었다. 각각의 기포 분포에 대해 삽입손실이 주파수에 대해 계산되었다. 추가적으로 공극비, 탄성 쉘의 매질 특성, 탄성 쉘과 기포층의 간극의 영향에 대한 수치해석을 수행했다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2012

To identify the flow characteristics of the SMART reactor, a flow distribution model test and a numerical simulation are performed in KAERI. Among several part of the SMART reactor, the fuel assemblies are simulated using simulators because of the complexity. The geometries of the core in the SMART reactor and simulator are different, but some similarities are maintained such as the ratio of pressure drop in the vertical and cross directions. There are cross flow holes in each core simulator to reproduce the cross flow of SMART fuel assemblies. To know the flow characteristics of the cross flow, numerical analysis is performed. As the cross flow area is decreased, the pressure drop between inlet and outlet is decreased. Also, when the flow imbalance between two core simulators is constant, the cross flow area does not significantly affect the cross flow.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.220-227
• /
• 2015

Complex thermal hydraulic characteristics exist inside the reactor because the reactor internals consist of fuel assembly, internal structures and so on. In this study, to examine the effect of Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)-based two-equation turbulence models in the analysis of flow distribution inside a 1/5 scaled-down APR+, simulation was performed using the commercial computational fluid dynamics software, ANSYS CFX R.13 and the predicted results were compared with the measured data. It was concluded that reactor internal flow pattern was locally different depending on the turbulence models. In addition, the prediction accuracy of k-${\varepsilon}$ model was superior to that of other two-equation turbulence models and this model predicted the relatively uniform distribution of core inlet flow rate.

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.174-181
• /
• 2012

In this paper, the Flow Control Fin(FCF) optimization has been carried out using computational fluid dynamics(CFD) techniques. This study focused on evaluation for the performance of the FCF attached in the stern part of the ship. The main advantage of FCF is to enhance the resistance performance through the lift generation with a forward force component on the foil section, and the propulsive performance by the uniformity of velocity distribution on the propeller plane. This study intended to evaluate these functions and to find optimized FCF form for minimizing viscous resistance and equalizing wake distribution. Four parameters of FCF are used in the study, which were angle and position of FCF, longitudinal location, transverse location, and span length in the optimization process. KRISO 300K VLCC2(KVLCC2) was chosen for an example ship to demonstrate FCF for optimization. The optimization procedure utilized genetic algorithms (GAs), a gradient-based optimizer for the refinement of the solution, and Non-dominated Sorting GA-II(NSGA-II) for Multiobjective Optimization. The results showed that the optimized FCF could enhance the uniformity of wake distribution at the expense of viscous resistance.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제26권9호
• /
• pp.1201-1208
• /
• 2002

A numerical flow-field analysis is performed to investigate flow configurations in the anode, cathode and cooling channels on the bipolar plates of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Continuous open-faced flow channels are formed on the bipolar plate surface to supply hydrogen, air and water. In this analysis, two types of channel pattern are considered: serpentine and spiral. The averaged pressure distribution and velocity profiles of the hydrogen, air and water channels are calculated by two-dimensional flow-field analysis. The equations for the conservation of mass and momentum in the two-dimensional fluid flow analysis are slightly modified to include the characteristics of the PEMFC. The analysis results indicate that the serpentine flow-fields are locally unstable (because two channels are cross at right angles). The spiral flow-fields has more stable than the serpentine, due to rotational fluid-flow inertia forces. From this study, the spiral channel pattern is suggested for a channel pattern of the bipolar plate of the PEMFC to obtain better performance.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.662-669
• /
• 1994

In the combustion system, the optimum spray conditions reduce the pollutant emission of exhaust gas and enhance the fuel efficiency. The spray characteristics-the drop size, the drop velocity, the number density and the mass flux, become increasingly important in the design of combustor and in testifying numerical simulation of spray flow in the combustor. The purposes of this study are to clarify the spray characteristics of twin-fluid nozzle and to offer the data for combustor design and the numerical simulation of a spray flow. Spatial drop diameter was measured by immersion sampling method. The mean diameter, size distribution and uniformity of drop were analyzed with variations of air/liquid mass flow ratio. The results show that the SMD increases with the liquid supply flow rate and decreases with the air supply velocity. The radial distribution of SMD shows the larger drops can diffuse farther to the boundary of spray. And the drop size range is found to be wider close to the spray boundary where the maximum SMD locates.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.37-50
• /
• 1996

Computational fluid dynamics was used to optimize an A/C duct. Three dimensional flow analysis in an automotive A/C duct was performed computationally using various turbulence models and compared numerical predictions such as outlet flow split, surface pressure distribution along the duct to experimental data. Additionally, we studied the effect of location variation of 2nd branch on exit flow ratio and could find optimal location of 2nd branch. The design of an A/C duct was modeled and calculated to enhance the airflow distribution in each outlet using the STAR-CD computational fluid dynamics software. In results, modified $k-\varepsilon$ turbulence model allows a successful prediction of static pressure distribution particulary at around strong curvature but little improvement flow split. In the future, adoption of CFD to design an A/C duct with modified $k-\varepsilon$ model will bring benefits of producing more accurate prediction, and also give designers more detail information much more than now.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.42-47
• /
• 2011

In this paper, wake equalizing duct (WED) form optimization was carried out using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. A WED is a ring-shaped flow vane with a foil-type cross-section fitted to a hull in front of the upper propeller area. The main advantage of a WED is the power savings resulting from the uniformity of the velocity distribution on the propeller plane, a reduction in the flow separation at the aft-body, and lift generation with a forward force component on the foil section. This paper intends to evaluate these functions and find an optimized WED form for minimizing the viscous resistance and equalizing the wake distribution. In the optimization process, the study uses four WED parameters: the angle of the section, longitudinal location, and angles of the axes for the half rings against the longitudinal and transverse planes of the ship. KRISO 300K VLCC2 (KVLCC2) is chosen as an example ship to demonstrate the WED optimization. The optimization procedure uses genetic algorithms (GAs), a gradient-based optimizer for the refinement of the solution, and Non-dominated Sorting GA-II(NSGA-II) for Multiobjective Optimization. The results show that the optimized WED can reduce the viscous resistance at the expense of the uniformity of the wake distribution.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2016

The Francis-99 is a workshop initiated by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway, and Lulea University of Technology (LTU), Sweden, in order to further validate the capabilities of the CFD technologies. The goal of the first workshop is to determine the state of the art of numerical predictions for steady operating conditions. When performing the CFD analysis, some geometry details are often neglected. In case of Francis Turbine, labyrinth seals are usually not include in the simulation domain, this may lead to inaccurate prediction of turbine efficiency. In this study, the CFD analysis for Francis-99 Workshop model has been performed for full domain of machine including top and bottom labyrinth seals. The efficiency value and distribution of velocity and pressure have been investigated and compared to the experimental data obtained from NTNU. By comparing the results, it was found that: With the top and bottom labyrinth seals in the domain, the CFD result was significantly improved in prediction of efficiency at all the operating point, especially at part load.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2012

The aerodynamic performance of a single-stage transonic axial compressor was experimentally evaluated by measuring pressure and temperature distribution at the inlet and outlet of the compressor. The compressor was developed by Korea Aerospace Research Institute through multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) method, especially integrating aerodynamic performance and structural stability. The test results show that the pressure ratio is 1.65 and the efficiency is 85.8 % at design point, where the corrected speed is 22,000 rpm and the corrected mass flow rate is 15.4 kg/s, and it has a good agreement with the design target and computational results. The distribution of pressure ratio is very steep at design speed, compared with the trend of other subsonic compressors. Also the static pressure distribution on the stator casing shows that the blade loading is gradually increasing through the stage as designed.