• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.94-104
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• 2018

The Soyangho Reservoir in Korea has a large drawdown zone, with an annual maximum water level fluctuation of 37 m due to dam operations to maintain a stable water supply and control flooding, especially during the monsoon period. The floristic composition, distribution and biomass of the major plant communities in the drawdown zone of the Soyangho Reservoir were assessed in order to understand their responses to the wide water level fluctuation. Species richness of vascular plants was low, and species composition was dominated by herbaceous annuals. Principal coordinates analysis using both flora and environmental data identified slope angle and the distance from the dam as important factors determining floristic composition. The species richness was low in the steep drawdown zone close to the dam, where much of the soil surface was almost devoid of vegetation. In shallower slopes, distant from the dam plant communities composed of mainly annuals were found. The large fluctuation in water level exposed soil where these annuals could establish. An overall biomass of 122 t (metric tons) Dry Matter was estimated for the reservoir, containing ca 3.6 t N (nitrogen) and ca 0.3 t P (phosphorus); the role of the vegetation of the drawdown zone in carbon sequestration and water pollution were briefly discussed.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.90-102
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• 2018

Background: We sought to understand the relationship between the seed bank and vegetation in abandoned rice paddies in South Korea, in order to guide management of these sites. We investigated the floristic composition and species richness of the soil seed bank and ground vegetation in former paddies along three seral gradients (wet meadow, young forest, and mature forest) in Gwangneung Forest Biosphere Reserve. Results: Seed bank samples contained 59 species, of which the dominant families were Cyperaceae, Gramineae, and Polygonaceae. Species richness and seedling density (59 taxa and 19,121 germinants from all samples) were high. Carex spp. (11, 921 germinants) were the dominant taxa. The species composition in the seed bank changed gradually as the land transitioned from wet meadow to mature forest. Sørensen's index of similarity between above- and below-ground vegetation was 29.3% for wet meadow, 10.8% for young forest, and 2.1% for mature forest. Germinant density also declined, with 10, 256 germinants for wet meadow, 6445 germinants for young forest, and 2420 germinants for mature forest. Conclusions: Changes in aboveground environment and life history traits such as amphicarpic plants, likely affect the composition of soil seed bank species. Abandoned paddy fields may be good sites for restoration of wetland forest and conservation of wetland habitat. Some intervention may be required to promote the recovery of a natural species assemblage.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.337-347
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• 2016

Based on genetic studies and palaeoecological surveys, the main Korean mountain range, the so-called "Baekdudaegan" (BDDG), has been recently suggested to be a major glacial refugium at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) for the boreal and temperate flora of northeastern Asia. On the basis of its shared role as a glacial refugium, and on a series of striking similarities in floristic richness and orographic features, the BDDG would constitute a sort of "eastern counterpart" of the Southern Appalachians. Given its floristic, biogeographic, and cultural value, the BDDG merits high priority for conservation.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제98권4호
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• pp.464-471
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• 2009

백두대간 마루금일대 침엽수 자연림의 식생형이 Braun-Blanquet방법과 TWINSPAN을 병용하여 분류되고 그 생태적 특성이 분석되었다. 식생형은 소나무-가는잎그늘사초형과 잣나무-관중형 등 2개의 상위단위와 7개의 하위단위로 유형화되었다. 단위면적당($/100m^2$) 평균종풍부도와 총피도율은 각각 $21.9{\pm}8.9$종류, $146.9{\pm}32.3$%이었다. 식물상 특성은 82과 217속 387종류이었으며, 국화과, 백합과, 장미과 등이 전체 구성종의 약 25.6%를 차지하고 있었으며 단 1종만 출현하는 과도 7.8%에 달하였다. 총피도율에 의한 상대적 중요치는 소나무과가 19.2로 가장 높았으며 과별 종풍부도 경향과 다소 반대로 나타났다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제98권4호
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• pp.472-478
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• 2009

백두대간 마루금일대에 잔존하고 있는 소나무림 58개소를 대상으로 식물사회학적 조사와 TWINSPAN 집락 분석을 통하여 식생형 그 식물상 조성 및 생활형 특성 등이 분석되었다. 식생형은 크게 가는잎그늘사초형에 속하는 4개 그룹과 구상나무-조릿대형에 속하는 1개 그룹 등 모두 5개 그룹으로 유형화되었다. 종풍부도는 국화과(26종)가 가장 높게 나타났고, 다음으로 백합과(21종), 장미과(18종), 자작나무과(11종) 등의 순으로 나타났으며, 27개 과는 1종만 출현하였다. 속풍부도의 경우도 종풍부도와 비슷한 경향을 보였으며, 41개 과는 1속만 출현하였다. 총피도 기여율은 참나무과(19.0), 소나무과(16.7), 진달래과(15.1) 등의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 국화과, 백합과, 장미과, 자작나무과, 산형과 등은 종풍부도가 상대적으로 높음에도 불구하고 총피도 기여율이 아주 낮은 경향을 보였다. 종풍부도와 가장 높은 상관관계를 보이는 생활형은 생육형과 산포기관형으로 나타났으며, 각 생활형 분류군 사이의 상관관계는 종풍부도와 생활형 사이의 그것에 비해 낮은 상관관계를 나타내었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1257-1269
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• 2007

This study was performed to get more knowledge on the flora and their life form spectrum in the Hallasan Natural Reserve. The vascular plants include 83 species 35 genera 12 families of pteridophytes, 5 varieties 5 species 3 families of gymnosperm, 100 taxa in 2 varieties 98 species 58 genera 8 families of monocotyledon and 362 taxa in 3 forma 10 varieties 349 species 186 genera 65 families of dicotyledon in Hallasan Natural Reserve. The total of vascular plants is 550 taxa in 3 forma 11 varieties 536 species 284 genera 88 families. Among these, 204 species in total including 19 species of pteridophytes, 2 species of conifers, 45 species of monocotyledon and 138 species of dicotyledon are found only in the Hallasan Natural Reserve. The pteridophyte-quotient is 4.52 and floristic richness is 1.94. In the analysis of life form spectrum, there are 190 species (34.5%) of hemicryptophytes and 122 species (22.2%) of geophytes so that two life forms take large portions, 312 species (56.7%) of the vegetation in Hallasan Natural Reserve. Megaphanerophytes and microphanerophytes take 14.5% including 80 species followed by 83 species (15.1%) of nanophanerophytes, 42 species (7.6%) of chamaephytes, 29 species (5.3%) of therophytes, 24 species (4.4%) of hydrophytes and 18 species (3.3%) of epiphytes. According to the life form spectrum hemicryptophytes dominated high portions, which suggests Hallasan Natural Reserve has hemicryptophytic climate and similar to middle parts in the Korean Peninsular. The differences, however, were noticed by that it has more chamaephytes and less therophytes than that of the Peninsular and partially shows the characteristics of artic or subalpine climate.

• 환경생물
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.60-88
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• 2023

본 연구는 각호산의 관속식물과 고도별 수직분포 조사를 조사하였다. 2022년 5월부터 2022년 9월까지 총 3회에 걸쳐 조사한 결과, 관속식물은 94과 282속 426종 11아종 35변종 4품종 2교잡종의 478분류군이 확인되었다. 또한 우리는 관속식물 398분류군에 대해 고도별 분포범위를 구축하였다. 한반도 특산식물은 19분류군, 희귀식물은 1분류군이었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 72분류군으로 V등급에 2분류군, IV등급에 2분류군, III등급에 16분류군, II등급에 27분류군, I등급에 25분류군이 확인되었다. 북방계 식물은 71분류군, 외래식물은 19분류군이며, 귀화율 4.0%, 도시화지수 6.6%로 나타났다. 생태계교란 식물은 3분류군이 확인되었다. 종 풍부도는 고도가 높아짐에 따라 점차 감소하다가 정상부에서 다시 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 고도별 종 조성의 유사도는 저지대(해발 500~600 m)를 제외하고 인접한 고도 간에 높은 유사도를 보여주었다. 고도에 따른 환경특성이 관속식물의 종 조성에 영향을 주는 주요 인자였다. 각호산은 고도에 따라 57.2~84.2℃·month의 온도 범위를 보여주었다. 본 연구는 관속식물의 분포 자료로써 추후 기후변화에 따른 식물의 분포 변화 연구를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2017

Improving the urban environmental quality relies mainly on the increasing of urban forests capacity to store carbon dioxide. This study assesses the floristic diversity of urban institutional lands in Bukavu and their potential to reduce atmospheric $CO_2$. An exhaustive inventory over three sites ($Coll{\grave{e}}ge$ Alfajiri, $Cath{\acute{e}}drale$ Notre-Dame de la Paix and Institut $Sup{\acute{e}}rieur$ $P{\acute{e}}dagogique$) of Bukavu led to the identification of 1,113 trees of which the diameter at breast height (1.30 m) ranged from 4.9 to 161 cm. Results reveal a floristic diversity made up of 4 families of conifers with 4 species and 14 of broadleaves with 21 species. Average densities were of $54trees\;ha^{-1}$ and $5.21m^2\;ha^{-1}$ of basal area. Urban-based allometric equations used yielded up to 312.8 tons of carbon stored in trees aboveground biomass equivalent to 1,147.9 tons of $CO_2$ reduced from the atmosphere over the three sites. The rate of carbon storage reaches $15.1tons\;ha^{-1}$. Thus, trees of the three institutional sites in Bukavu play an important role in reducing atmospheric $CO_2$ and contribute, thereby, to mitigate global climate change effects. Given the current environmental challenge associated with high population growth rate in cities, the urban forest ecosystem in DRC requires to be extended and further investigation.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권2호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2008

The characterization of tree species and forest stand conditions is useful in the planning of activities aimed to conserve biodiversity. The main objective of this study was to describe tree species diversity, species composition and stand structure of tropical deciduous forests distributed in three regions in Myanmar. Forest inventory was conducted in the Oktwin teak bearing forest, the Letpanpin community forest and Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park. According to the Jackknife estimator of species richness, 85 species (${\pm}18.16$), 70 species (${\pm}5.88$) and 186 species (${\pm}17.10$) belonging to 31 families were found in the Oktwin teak bearing forest, 33 families in Letpanpin community forest and 53 families in Alaungdaw Kathapa national park, respectively. Shannon's diversity indices were significantly different among the forests (p<0.05). It ranged from 3.36 to 4.36. Mean tree density (n/ha) of the Oktwin teak bearing forest, Letpanpin community forest and Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park were 488 (${\pm}18.6$), 535 (${\pm}15.6$) and 412 (${\pm}14.1$), while basal areas per hectare were $46.96m^2({\pm}3.23),\;49.01m^2({\pm}5.08)\;and\;60.03m^2({\pm}3.88)$, respectively. At the family level, Verbenaceae, Myrtaceae and Combretaceae occupied the highest importance value index, while at the species level it was Tectona grandis, Lagerstoremia speciosa and Xylia xylocarpa.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.136-159
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of six islands belonging to the Gogunsan Archipelago (i.e., Sinsi-do, Seonyu-do, Munyeo-do, Yami-do, Bian-do, and Duri-do) in the Korean Peninsula. As results of five field surveys from March to October of 2016, we have identified 575 total taxa, representing 527 species, five subspecies, 42 varieties, and one hybrid, placed in 358 genera and 118 families. Of these 575 taxa, four are endemic to Korea, six taxa are listed on the Korean Red List of threatened species, 67 are floristic regional indicator plants, and 74 are invasive alien species. In this study, we compared species richness among the islands, and find that the larger the islands, the higher the species richness. In the case of habitat affinity types, forest species were most common, followed by farmland, seacoast, bare ground and wetland species. From similarity analyses based on the composition of vascular plants, each island did not exhibit either local specificity or unique diversity. On the contrary, the proportion of invasive alien and ruderal species may increase by human activities. Investigations and analyses of island flora such as this are important to assess the current status of the flora, predict future vegetation patterns and the spread of the alien species, and establish managment plans of plant diversity.