• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.337-346
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• 2015

Water body extraction based on backscatter information is an essential process to analyze floodaffected areas from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image. Water body in SAR image tends to have low backscatter values due to homogeneous surface of water, while non-water body has higher backscatter values than water body. Non-water body, however, may also have low backscatter values in high resolution SAR image such as Kompsat-5 image, depending on surface characteristic of the ground. The objective of this paper is to present a method to increase backscatter contrast between water body and non-water body and also to remove efficiently misclassified pixels beyond true water body area. We create an entropy image using a Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and classify the entropy image into water body and non-water body pixels by thresholding of the entropy image. In order to reduce the effect of threshold value, we also propose Water Body Texture Index (WBTI), which measures simultaneously the occurrence of repeated water body pixel pair and the uniformity of water body in the binary entropy image. The proposed method produced high overall accuracy of 99.00% and Kappa coefficient of 90.38% in water body extraction using Kompsat-5 image. The accuracy analysis indicates that the proposed WBTI method is less affected by the choice of threshold value and successfully maintains high overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient in wide threshold range.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2005

One of the most important factors for estimating a flood runoff from streams is the lag time. It is well known that the lag time is affected by the morphometric properties of basin which can be expressed by catchment shape descriptors. In this paper, the notion of the geometric characteristics of an equivalent ellipse proposed by Moussa(2003) was applied for calculating the lag time of geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph(GIUH) at a basin outlet. The lag time was obtained from the observed data of rainfall and runoff by using the method of moments and the procedure based on geomorphology was used for GIUH. The relationships between the basin morphometric properties and the hydrological response were discussed based on application to 3 catchments in Korea. Additionally, the shapes of equivalent ellipse were examined how they are transformed from upstream area to downstream one. As a result, the relationship between the lag time and descriptors was shown to be close, and the shape of ellipse was presented to approach a circle along the river downwards. These results may be expanded to the estimation of hydrological response of ungauged catchment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.165-169
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• 2015

Green roofs are gaining much interest in many cities around the world due to its multi-purpose effects of water conservation, flood mitigation and aesthetic benefits. However it may cause additional water demand to maintain green plants, which may intensify the current and future water shortage problems. While ordinary concrete roofs and normal green roof drains off rain water, concave green roof system can retain rain water because of its water holding capability. In this study, the water conservation effect of concave green roof was compared to normal roof on #35 building in Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. For seven rainfall events the amount of stored rainwater and runoff were measured and proved water conservation effect of the concave green roof system. The concave green roof system of which area is 140m2 showed effect of water conservation from 1.8ton to 7.2ton and the most influence factors on water conservation in green roof are rainfall and antecedent day. If this concave green roof is applied to many buildings in the cities, it is expected as a way to water conservation through rainfall storage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.172-175
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• 2002

High speed machining is one of the most effective technologies to improve productivity. It can give great advantage for manufacture of die and Moulds. However, when machining of micro groove in high speed machining a severely thermal damage was generated on workpiece and cutting tool. Generally, the cutting fluid is used to improve penetration. lubrication. and cooling effect. In order to rise the performance of lubrication. it contains extreme pressure agents (Cl, S, P). But the environment of work room go bad by those additive. Therefore, the compressed chilly air with oil mist system was developed to replace the conventional cutting fluid system. This paper carried out the tests to evaluate the machinability by the cutting environment in high speed micro groove machining of NAK80 (HrC40). Compressed chilly air with oil mist was ejected on the contact area between cutting edge and workpiece. The effect of this developed compressed chilly air with oil mist system was evaluated in terms of tool life. The results showed that the tool lift of carbide tool coated TiAlN with compressed chilly air mist cooling was much longer than that of the dry and flood coolant when cutting the material.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.539-550
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• 2016

Detection of water bodies in land surface is an essential part of disaster monitoring, such as flood, storm surge, and tsunami, and plays an important role in analyzing spatial and temporal variation of water cycle. In this study, a quantitative comparison of different thresholding-based methods for water body detection and their applicability to Kompsat-5 SAR data were presented. In addition, the effect of speckle filtering on the detection result was analyzed. Furthermore, the variations of threshold values by the proportion of the water body area in the whole image were quantitatively evaluated. In order to improve the binary classification performance, a new water body detection algorithm based on the bimodality test and the majority filtering is presented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1157-1161
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• 2004

본 연구의 목적은 TIN(Triangulated Irregular Network)을 생성하고, GIS 기반의 지형도, 토양도 및 토지 이용도를 이용하여 WMS 6.1 모델로 홍수위별 홍수범람도를 작성하는데 있으며, 대상유역은 양화천 유역의 세1지류인 매류천과 안금천, 대신천 유역으로 선정하였다. 대상유역내의 실제 홍수범람자료를 조사하였고, Arc-view를 이용하여 DEM (Digital Elevation Model), 토지 이용도, 토양도의 GIS DB를 구축하였다. 본 연구에서 50년 빈도의 홍수위를 분석한 결과 모형을 사용한 피해 예상 지역과 실제 홍수위로 인한 피해지역이 유사하게 나타났다. 20년 빈도 홍수위에서 500년 빈도 홍수위로의 증가로 인한 침수면적의 증가율은 매류천이 가장 작았고, 안금천이 가장 컸다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 저해상도 DEM이 제외지 및 하천 제방의 영향을 전혀 고려하지 못 하였던 점을 개선하여 저해상도 DEM과 항공사진 측량자료인 고해상도 DEM을 합성하여 더욱 신뢰성 있는 홍수범람도를 작성하였다. 이 결과는 대상유역의 홍수발생시 홍수예경보 및 재해발생시 대피장소의 결정과 시설물 관리업무의 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 홍수피해의 판단자료로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.356-360
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• 2007

최근 급속한 도시화로 인한 유역내 불투수 면적의 증가는 자연유역에 비해 짧은 도달시간과 높은 첨두홍수량을 유발하여 도시홍수 피해의 원인이 되고 있다. 이러한 도시지역 하천에서의 홍수량산정은 강우-유출관계를 근간으로 하는 HEC-HMS 모형 등을 주로 활용하고 있으며, 산정된 홍수량을 토대로 각종 치수대책을 수립하여 왔다. 그러나 도시지역내의 배수체계는 하천과 연결된 우수관로를 통해 이루어지도록 구성되어 있음에도 불구하고, 우수관로 시스템의 능력평가를 하천의 홍수량과는 별개로 평가하고 있다. 즉, 하천이 외수위에 대한 영향을 고려하지 않고 배수체계의 통수능력을 평가하여 배수능이 부족한 관거를 찾는 것으로 매우 근사적이고 비합리적인 대안을 제시하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 본연구에서는 도시하천의 홍수량 산정에 있어 우수관로를 통한 배수체계를 고려한 도심지의 홍수량을 산정하기위하여 도시하천의 비시가지역의 홍수량은 HEC-HMS모형으로 산정하여 XP-SWMM모형의 상류경계조건으로 두고 도심지의 모든 우수관로를 하천에 연결하여 홍수량을 산정하는 방법을 제시하였으며, 대상유역은 대전광역시를 관류하는 갑천에 대하여 적용하였으며, 갑천하구에 위치한 회덕수위표의 실측유량과의 비교를 통해 그 신뢰성을 평가하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 도시홍수예방과 침수범람도 작성 등의 도시침수해석 및 치수대책수립에 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.209-213
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• 2007

최근 우리나라에서는 기상이변과 기후변화에 의한 국지성 집중호우의 발생으로 인해 인명 및 재산 피해가 증가하고 있고, 특히 도시지역의 경우 산업화와 도시화로 인한 홍수량 및 첨두홍수량이 뚜렷하게 증가하고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 이에 따라 기후변화와 도시화 등을 고려한 확률수문량의 재산정이 요구되고 있으며, 이를 위한 한 방법으로 지역빈도해석(regional frequency analysis)에 대한 연구가 꾸준히 진행되고 있으나 도시유역에 대한 지역빈도해석에 관한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도시지역에 대한 지역빈도해석의 적용성을 검토하기 위해 주요 도시유역을 분석대상으로 선정하고, 해당 도시유역 내의 AWS(Automatic Weather System) 자료를 수집한다. 대상지역의 AWS 자료를 구축한 후, 각각의 자료에 대해 대표적인 지역빈도해석 기법 중의 하나인 홍수지수법(Index Flood Method)을 적용하여 확률강우량을 산정하고 지점빈도해석 결과와 비교하여 도시유역에 대한 지역빈도해석의 적용성을 판단하고자 한다. 대상지역에 대한 홍수지수법의 적용결과를 살펴보면, 지점빈도해석에 의한 확률강우량보다 홍수지수법에 의해 산정된 확률강우량이 작게 추정되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 2018

Clithon retropictus has been protected by the Ministry of Environment as an endangered species since 1998 and has been listed on the state red list of endangered species category II. It is viewed as a representative for all endangered species in the northeastern coastal waters of Korea. Most of the habitats of C. retropictus have been found to be in an unstable state because of development projects such as road construction, small stream development, irrigation for securing agricultural water, and flood prevention. These habitats are damaged by small stream maintenance projects and development, and the risk of damage is increasing and active efforts are needed in order to protect them. Although the Ministry of Environment is striving to preserve this endangered species, the habitat of C. retropictus is still facing external threats because it spreads to only a small area at high densities. Therefore, in order to protect the habitat of C. retropictus, a level II endangered species, it is urgent to make an effort to minimize habitat damage and to take measures for its protection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09b
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• pp.68-75
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• 2010

Around the Nakdong River which is one part of the repairing business of 4 Grand Rivers currently being constructed, sandy ground is distributed throughout the wide area. Many civil engineering structures such as small and medium sized dams, flood control basins, and redevelopment of reservoirs and retention reservoirs are scheduled to be constructed, so the prevention measures for liquefaction are surely needed. To identify such liquefaction, a lot of factor affecting the strength of liquefaction were studied through laboratory investigation. Most of the conducted study was about clean sands, but in the case of the real ground the sand can exist not in the clean conditions but in the conditions mostly including sand of fine grained soil. The sand of fine grained soil has become a significant factor to assess liquefaction because many cases of liquefaction happened in the silty and clayer soil. In this study, un-drained tests of plasticity index of fine grained particles were conducted with the sands from Nakdong River. In result, the study shows that dynamic shear strength characteristics differ according to the plasticity index.