• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.572-581
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• 2008

The performance of a barrel stave flextensional transducer is determined by the properties of its constituent materials and the effects of many structural parameters. In this study, with the finite element method, the structure of a barrel stave flextensional transducer was optimized to achieve the widest bandwidth while satisfying the requirements on pressure and center frequency. The optimization was carried out with the SQP-PD method for multi-variable minimization. The optimized barrel stave flextensional transducer satisfied all the required specifications.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.364-374
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• 2003

The performance of an acoustic transducer is determined by the effects of many design variables. and mostly the influences of these design variables are not linearly independent of each other To achieve the optimal performance of an acoustic transducer, we must consider the cross-coupled effects of the design variables. In this study with the FEM. we analyzed the variation of the resonance frequency and sound pressure of a flextensional transducer in relation to Its design variables. Through statistical multiple regression analysis of the results, we derived functional forms of the resonance frequency and sound pressure in terms of the design variables, and with which we determined the optimal structure of the transducer by means of a constrained optimization technique, SQP-PD. The proposed method can reflect all the cross-coupled effects of multiple design variables, and can be utilized to the design of general acoustic transducers.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.69-76
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• 2000

In this research, with the FEM we analyzed the variation of the sound pressure and thermal distribution of a Class IV Flextensional transducer in relation to its material properties and structures. Based on the results, we determined optimal structure of a Class IV Flextensional transducer that had maximum sound pressure, minimum thermal distribution, and 1 kHz resonance frequency. The sound pressure by the optimal structure is higher than that of the basic structure by two times, and the thermal distribution is much lower. Results of the present work can be utilized to design Class IV Flextensional transducers of various resonance frequency, maximum sound pressure, and minimum thermal distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.142-150
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• 2009

We constructed a Class I flextensional transducer, and analyzed the variation of the resonance frequency of the transducer in relation to its structural and material variables. We used the FEM for the analysis. Total length of the transducer, thickness and material properties of the shell have large effects on the resonance frequency. While outer radius of the ceramic stack and material properties of the ceramic stack have no effect on the resonance frequency. In addition, the validation of the FE model was verified by manufacturing and comparison of the impedance analysis. Results of the present work can be utilized to design a Class I flextensional transducers of various resonance frequency.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1063-1070
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• 2008

The performance of an acoustic transducer is determined by the effects of many design variables, and mostly the influences of these design variables are not linearly independent of each other. To achieve the optimal performance of an acoustic transducer, we must consider the cross-coupled effects of the design variables. In this study, the variation of the performances of underwater acoustic transducer in relation to its structural variables was analyzed. In addition, the new optimal design scheme of an acoustic transducer that could reflect not only individual but also all the cross-coupled effects of multiple structural variables, and could determine the detailed geometry of the transducer with great efficiency and rapidity was developed. The validation of the new optimal design scheme was verified by applying the optimal structure design of a flextensional transducer which are the most common use for high power underwater acoustic transducer. With the finite element analysis(FEA), we analyzed the variation of the resonance frequency, sound pressure, and working depth of a flextensional transducer in relation to its design variables. Through statistical multiple regression analysis of the results, we derived functional forms of the resonance frequency, sound pressure, and working depth in terms of the design variables. By applying the constrained optimization technique, Sequential Quadratic Programming Method of Phenichny and Danilin(SQP-PD), to the derived function, we designed and verified the optimal structure of the Class IV flextensional transducer that could provide the highest sound pressure level and highest working depth at a given operation frequency of 1 kHz.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.67-73
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• 1999

We constructed a class Ⅳ Flextensional transducer, and analyzed the effects of the variation in its material properties and structure on the resonance frequency of the transducer. We used the FEM for the analysis. Major axis length, minor axis length, thickness and material properties of the shell turned out to have large effects, while volume of the insert material, material properties and thickness of the ceramic bar have little. Thickness of the nodal-plate has no effect on the resonance frequency. Results of the present work can be utilized to design Class W Flextensional transducers of various resonance frequency.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.753-759
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• 2014

This paper describes the development of a piezoelectric flextensional transducer, which aims to effectively degrade the TCE contained in aqueous solution. In order to adjust the 1st flextensional resonant frequency and output displacement of the flextensional transducer, the effect of the geometrical variations on performance was analyzed using the finite element analysis (FEM). The results indicated that the effect of external shell's thickness and curvature were most significant, and experimental fabrication and characterization of a transducer was performed to confirm the results. To prove the capacity to degrade the TCE contained in aqueous solution, 50 and 100 ppm of TCE were prepared in sealed chamber, and investigated the removal rate of TCE through the time and initial concentration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.226-227
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• 2008

We constructed a class I Flextensional transducer, and analyzed the variation of the resonance frequency of the transducer in relation to its design variables. We used the FEM for the analysis. Major axis length, minor axis length, thickness and material properties of the shell have large effects on the resonance frequency. In addition, the validation of the FE model was verified by manufacturing and comparison of the impedance analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.196-200
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• 2005

Piezoelectric underwater acoustic transducer is a kind of device for underwater detection working as not only an actuator but also a sensor. The technique that can predict acoustical characteristics of transducer is important for robust design of transducer in harsh underwater environment. This paper represents the dynamic analysis of piezoelectric acoustic transducers based on finite element method through USAP software. Two dimensional model of Tonpilz transducer and three dimensional model of Flextensional transducer are generated for the dynamic analysis and some results obtained by USAP are compared with those by ANSYS.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.311-314
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 저주파 대역에서 고출력 수중 음향센서로 사용되는 Class IV Flextensional 트랜스듀서의 여러 설계변수들에 따른 음압 변화 및 열 발생 경향성을 유한요소 해석법으로 해석하였다. 나아가 해석되어진 결과를 바탕으로 최대 음압을 구현하고, 열 발생이 최소인 중심 주파수 1 kHz를 가지는 Class W Flextensional 트랜스듀서의 최적구조를 설정하였다. 본 연구에서 설정한 최적구조는 기본모델에 비해 음압이 2배 이상 크고, 열 발생은 아주 작은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 다양한 중심 주파수 및 최대 음압을 구현하고 열 발생이 최소인 Class W Flextensional 트랜스듀서를 설계함에 있어 유용한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.