• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.189-196
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• 2001

Octanol/water partition coefficients of 52 chemicals were calculated using RP-HPLC estimation method and predicted by computer program, PCHEM. The result showed relationship between literature values and RP-HPLC observed values (relative coefficient r$^2$＝0.916), but the relationship of PCHEM values with literature values was lower than RP-HPLC value (relative coefficient r$^2$＝0.795). The average difference in partition coefficient between the RP-HPLC method and flask-shaking method was log Kow＝0.54, while the average difference between the values predicted form the computer program and flask- shaking method was log Kow = 0.36 Compared to octanol/water partition coefficients by 3 methods (Flask-shaking, RP-HPLC, computer prediction), the octanol/water partition coefficient values based on the flask-shaking method were very similar to the literature values, while the octanol/water partition coefficient values by RP-HPLC method without to consider the dead time, and computer prediction values did not significantly differ with the literature values.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.491-496
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• 1998

The production of fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus subtilis BK-17 was studied in the shake flask cultures. The important medium components studied include nitrogen source, carbon source and inorganic salts. The environmental conditions include initial pH, temperature, shaking speed and working volume. Among various N-sources, C-sources and inorganic salts tested, soybean flour, D-glucose and Na2HPO4 gave the best results, and their optimal concentrations were 1.5%, 0.5% and 0.05%, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature were 9.0 and 37$^{\circ}C$. With decreasing working volume in the range of 25∼100ml in the 250ml flask or increasing shaking speed in the range of 100∼300rpm, the enzyme production was greatly enhanced. The enzyme activity under the optimal conditions was about 1400I.U./ml with urokinase as a standard.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.126-130
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• 2004

This study was carred out to get the basic conditions for the mycelial growth of Morchella esculenta in shaking flask culture. The optimal temperature and initial pH of mycelial growth of Morchella escuzenta were 25$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$ and 6.5, respectively. The optimal medium was BG medium. Among the carbon sources tested, fructose was favorable for the mycelial growth and optimal fructose concentration was 5.0% (w/v). As nitrogen sources, peptone and NH$_4$Cl appeared to be favorable and optimal concentration was 4.0% [(w/v), ratio of 1:1].

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.722-728
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• 2002

Eight strains producing bacterial cellulose (BC) were isolated from rotten fruits and traditionally fermented vinegars. One of the isolated strains from the rotten grape in Gwangju, Korea, maintained a relatively stable BC production in shaking cultures. This isolated strain proved to be Acetobacter xylinum, based on several biochemical and morphological tests. It was shown that the slant-baffled flask was more efficient than the conventional flask for the BC production in shaking cultures. To determine the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of BC, various compounds were examined. Fructose was found to be the most effective carbon source with an optimal concentration of 2%. Mixed carbon source (glucose:fructose=1:3) was also better than glucose or fructose alone. Optimal nitrogen source, when basal medium was used, was 10% (v/v) com steep liquor (CSL). When com steep liquor was used with a mixed carbon source (glucose:fructose=1 :3),4% CSL exhibited the best BC production. Based on these results, a defined medium was developed for the BC production by Acetobacter xylinum KJ-1. When this medium was used under optimal culture conditions, the BC production was 7.2 g/1, which was approximately 3 times higher than that with the traditional HS medium.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.383-388
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• 2004

The conversion of a cellulose-producing cell ($Cel^+$) from Gluconacetobacter hansenii PJK (KCTC 10505 BP) to a non-cellulose-producing cell ($Cel^-$) was investigated by measuring the colony forming unit (CFU). This was achieved in a shaking flask with three slanted baffles, which exerted a strong shear stress. The addition of organic acid, such as glutamic acid and acetic acid, induced the conversion of microbial cells from a wild type to $Cel^-$ mutants in a flask culture. The supplementation of $1\%$ ethanol to the medium containing an organic acid depressed the con-version of the microbial cells to $Cel^-$ mutants in a conventional flask without slanted baffles. The addition of ethanol to the medium containing an organic acid; however, accelerated the conversion of microbial cells in the flask with slanted baffles. The $Cel^+$ cells from the agitated culture were not easily converted into $Cel^-$ mutants on the additions of organic acid and ethanol to a flask without Slanted baffles, but some portion of the $Cel^+$ cells were converted to $Cel^-$ mutants in a flask with slanted baffles. The conversion ratio of $Cel^+$ cells to $Cel^-$ mutants was strongly re-lated to the production of bacterial cellulose independently from the cell growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1020-1026
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• 1994

Pseudomonas plycolor was used to investigated the optimal culture condition to examine the various properties of superoxide dismutase (SOD). this SOD was inhibited by $H_2O_2$, azide ion, but not by cyanide ion. This result indicates that the enzyme might be a Fe-SOD. The composition of optimal culture medium for the enzyme production was 3% of glycerin, 1% of polypeptone, 0.5% of meat extract, 0.2% of KCI and the initial ph was 9.0 . The cultivation for the enzyme production was carried out in 500ml shaking flask containing 100ml of the optimal medium at $30^{\circ}C$ on a reciprocal shaker. The enzyme production reached maximum at 15hrs of cultivation and then declined sharply afterward.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.11-13
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• 2001

Several culture conditions affecting cellulose production by a newly isolated Acetobacter sp. A9 were examined by cultivating cells under shaking cultures. The inoculum size in the range of 1-10% (v/v) did not influence cellulose production. Maximum cellulose production was obtained with 200 rpm of agitation speed. The cells grown in the 75 ml of medium in a 250-ml conical flask produced the highest level of cellulose. The strain was able to produce cellulose at 25-3$0^{\circ}C$ with a maximum at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Cellulose production occurred at pH 4.5-7.5 with a maximum at pH6.5.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.132-136
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• 1996

To investigate the characteristics of immobilized peppermint (Mentha piperita) cells, dry cell weight (DCW), change of cell viability, and oil productivity of the immobilized cells were determined. Peppermint cells were immobilized in polyurethane (PU) foams of $5{\times}5{\times}5$ mm and cultured in a shaking flask. The maximum DCW was 2.1 mg per foam piece after 20 days of cultivation and the cell density was approximately 420 mg per flask containing 200 foams in 200 ml medium. For the first five days of cultivation, the cell viability was about 80$%$ and decreased to 70$%$ during 5 to 20 days of cultivation. The maximum oil productivity, 148 mg/l was achieved after 40 days of cultivation. The immobilized cells were also cultivated in a bioreactor, equipped with a round spiral type impeller, containing 2, 400 PU foams. The cell viability after 30 days of cultivation with chitosan as an elicitor in the bioreactor was 67$%$ and DCW was 2.0 mg per foam piece. Though the cell viability was relatively high in the bioreactor system, the oil productivity was relatively lower than that of the flask system.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.619-620
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• 2001

Lignin peroxidase was produced by free cells of Phanerochaete chrysosporium YU in shaking-flask batch cuture. Without aerating, the maximum activity was 785U/L. As nitrogen source, ammonium tartrate was used for LiP production and 0.02% ammonium tartrate concentration showed the highest potential for LiP prodution.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.487-488
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• 2001

The effects of biotic elicitors, organic acids, and environmental changes on the growth of Panex. ginseng hairy roots were investigated in the shaking flask culture. Among the organic acid tested, gluconic acid was found to be the most efficient in the hairy roots growth. And citric and succinic acid were facilitated the growth of hairy roots.