• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.735-751
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• 1996

An ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is to stop the disease process and to regenerate a functionally-oriented periodontium destroyed as a result of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of grafting granulation tissue obtained from extraction socket on the regeneration of horizontal furcation defect. Six dogs were used in this study. All mandibular first and third premolars were extracted. At 2, 3, and 5 days after extraction, tissues were obtained from extraction socket of 1 mongrel dog and examined by light microscope. Granulation tissue obtained at 5 days after extraction was chosen as the graft material. Five days later, horizontal furcation defects were created surgically at mandibular second and fourth premolars in the right and left side of the 5 beagle dogs. The entrance area of the artificially prepared "key hole" defects were about $3\;4mm^2$. By random selections, 2 exposed furcation defects were grafted with granulation tissue obtained from extraction socket as experimental group and 1 furcation defect was as control. The flaps were replaced to their original position and sutured with 4-0 chromic cat-gut. Three dogs were sacrificed 4 weeks and two dogs 8 weeks after surgery, and the prepared specimens were examined by light microscope. At 4 weeks, furcations were filled with epithelial lining and fibrous connective tissue infiltrated with chronic inflammatory cells. New bone formation was observed in all groups. Only experimental group showed new cementum formation. At 8 weeks, new cementum, functional arrangement of new PDL fiber, root resorption, and some ankylotic union of newly formed alveolar bone and root surface were observed in all groups. Experimental group showed that epithelial downgrowth was inhibited and new bone formation was more active compared to control. The success rate of the furcation defect healing was higher in experimental group than control. These results suggested that grafting of granulation tissue obtained from extraction socket which combined with reconstructive periodontal flap surgery may promote periodontal regeneration of horizontal furcation defect.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.615-624
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• 2003

The most accurate method to assess bone level is the histometric measurement. However it causes discomfort in patients and damage to the regenerated tissues. in the present study, we used 4 type regenerative therapies, The present study evaluated the clinical reliability and accuracy of bone probing measurements and radiographic bone level in the assessment of bone level by comparing those results with histometric confirmed bone level. Twentyfour(24) intrabony defects(4${\times}$4mm 1-wall intrabony defects) were surgically created in the mandibular second and fourth premolars of 6 beagle dogs. The control group underwent a conventional flap operation. Experimental group I was treated with calcium phosphate glass only, and while experimental group 2 was treated with GTR and experimental group 3 was treated with calcium phosphate glass and GTR. The subjects were sacrificed 8 weeks after the operation and a bone probing measurements, radiographic measurement and histometric measurement was performed. The correlation between bone probing measurements(BP) and histometric measurement(HL), and radiographic measurement(RL) and histometric measurement(HL) were analyzed with Spearman's rank correlation analysis and the statistical significance with respect to the type of regenerative therapies was analyzed with the Kruskal Wallis test. The coefficient of correlation to HL was 0.73 for RL and 0.90 for BP. The type of regenerative therapies had no significant effect on the difference between HL and other measurements. The results of this study suggests that bone probing measurements most closely represents actual bone level. So bone probing measurements may be a good clinical method for assessing the hone level following any type of periodontal regenerative therapies.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.142-150
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• 2018

In the posterior maxillary area, due to resorption of the ridge after extraction and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus, the height of the alveolar ridge may not be sufficient for placement of implants. To solve this problem, sinus augmentation using both crestal and lateral approaches have been widely used. Jung et al. (2010) introduced the modified lateral approach technique, which is a simplified technique that combines the advantages of crestal and lateral approaches. The purpose of this case report is to report two cases in the posterior maxilla in which simultaneous implant placement with maxillary sinus augmentation has been performed using the modified lateral approach technique. In two female patients, 67 and 74 years old, respectively, simultaneous implant placement was performed using the modified lateral approach technique on the left maxillary second premolar and the first molar. In both patients, the residual bone height on the distal side of the maxillary second premolar was measured to be approximately 5 mm, and the residual bone height of the first molar was measured to be 2-3 mm. After flap elevation, osteotomy of the lateral window was performed in the form of a mesiodistally extended slot above the sinus floor and the Schneiderian membrane was elevated. Sequenced drilling was performed while protecting the membrane with a periosteal elevator. Bone graft and implant placement was performed after preparation of the implant site. Sufficient primary stability was achieved for each implant and sinus membrane was not perforated. After four and five months respectively, implant second surgery was performed. Clinically, the implants were observed to be stable. Implants and surrounding peri-implant mucosa were well maintained after prosthodontic treatment. In conclusion, the modified lateral approach could be a predictable and efficient technique for implant placement in the atrophied posterior maxilla.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.261-266
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• 2008

Purpose: The incidence of skin cancer is increasing throughout the world including Asian countries such as Korea. Still there are only limited reports of the clinical features of skin cancer in Korea, especially in the fields of plastic surgery. This study is to demonstrate the recent clinical trends of skin cancer and the treatment of skin cancer in Korea by analyzing a single institution's experience. Methods: During a 11-year period, 370 patients visited our department for the excision of skin cancer. Data of the patients such as histopathologic diagnosis, primary site of the tumor, age and sex of the patient, operative methods were reviewed retrospectively. Results: We had 370 patients, 215 men and 155 women. The ages ranged from 10 to 95 years with a mean of 58.8 years. A total of 143 patients were diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma, while 100 were malignant melanoma, 80 were squamous cell carcinoma, 17 were dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and 30 were other miscellaneous skin cancers. Local flaps were the most frequently used reconstructive method after wide excision of the cancer, which was followed by primary closure, split-thickness skin graft, free flap and full-thickness skin graft. Conclusion: There was a gradual increase in the incidence of skin cancer after the year 2000. Basal cell carcinoma had the highest incidence which frequently involved the sun-exposed regions in the old ages. Malignant melanoma showed a relatively high incidence compared with other previous studies in Korea. The extremities were the most frequent location for malignant melanoma. Clinical features of other various skin cancers were also reported in this study. The reconstructive method highly depends on the primary site of the cancer, while local flaps were the mostly used operative technique.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.41-44
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• 2013

A 4-year-old castrated male Shih-Tzu was presented to the Chonbuk National University Animal Medical Center with a history of melting ulcer in the right eye (OD). Upon ophthalmologic examination, severe keratomalacia of approximately 70% of the entire surface area with a full thickness corneal defect was found in OD. In addition, iris and fibrin clots were observed on the center of the corneal defect. The menace response and dazzle reflex were normal in OS. As the size and damage of corneal perforation was so severe, amniotic membrane (AM) transplantation was considered to repair the cornea instead of direct suture technique, flap methods or corneal transplantation. Equine AM was sutured to the limbus to cover the entire cornea in a single interrupted pattern using 9-0 nylon suture material. On day 79, mild scarring and pigmentation, with almost no vasculature, remained. The menace response and dazzle reflex were normal of OD. Although pigmentation and scarring remained on the cornea, equine AM transplantation can be useful for reconstruction of severe corneal perforation with keratomalacia.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.611-614
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• 2008

Purpose: Infection, foreign body reaction and decreased volume of implant are common complications after augmentation rhinoplasty with $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ implant. The author experienced two cases of recurrent foreign body granuloma in the patients who underwent $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ removal because of infection after augmentation rhinoplasty. and treated them with complete removal of$Gore-tex^{(R)}$. Methods: Case 1: A 49 year-old female visited our clinic for recurrent foreign body reaction on nasal dorsum and tip area. The patient underwent augmentation rhinoplasty with $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ 3 years ago and implant was removed due to infection 9 months ago. Excision of the granuloma was performed and a piece of foreign body suspicious to be a $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ implant debris was detected under the subcutaneous pocket. The implant fragments were removed and nasalis muscle rotation flap was performed to cover the lesion. The specimen was proved to be $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ in histological study. Case 2: A 31 year-old-male with recurrent foreign body granuloma on the nasal tip area visited our clinic. 10 years ago, the patient had augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone implant and then, he underwent revisional rhinoplasty five times including nasal implant removal, which was performed 9 months ago. The authors excised the granuloma and found a small sized foreign body suspicious to be a $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ implant debris under the granuloma. The foreign body was excised and identified to be $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ in histological study. Results: In both cases, the lesions were healed without any complications and there were no evidences of recurrence up to 6 months of follow-up. Conclusion: The $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ is known to be weak against mechanical force. These properties of $Gore-tex^{(R)}$ make it difficult to remove the implant completely. In the patient who have infection after augmentation rhinoplasty with $Gore-tex^{(R)}$, the operator should take care to perform the complete removal without remaining fragment of the implant.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.764-768
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• 2006

Purpose: Parotid neoplasia are relatively frequent, representing approximately 3% of all tumors in the head and neck regions. But incomplete resection and misdiagnosis of parotid gland is followed by multiple tumor invasion, tumor recurrence, and other iatrogenic tumor formation. In patients undergoing parotidectomy for confirmed or suspected malignancy, the traditional or modified rhytidectomy incision may prove suboptimal because it does not easily lend itself to a continuous neck dissection. Similarly, patients with tumors of the anterior accessory lobe or patients with large anterior tumors may also require the modified Blair incision for adequate surgical exposure. This report serves to revisit the topic of accessory and parotid gland neoplasms to emphasize proper management, particularly the surgical aspects, so that consequences of recurrence are avoided. Methods: This is a retrospective review of our experience with two cases of parotid tumors; one accessory parotid gland neoplasm and one parotid gland neoplasm. We report the case of parotid tumor and epidermal cyst in a 54-year old male patient and the case of case of recurrent parotid tumor with local invasion in 30-year old male patient. Results: All were removed through a modified Blair incision. Pathologic report notified that One was found pleomorphic adenoma and epidermal cyst, and the other one pleomorphic adenoma with subcutenous invasion. The patients recovered well without any complication such as infection, hematoma, facial nerve palsy, and necrosis of skin flap. Patients were discharge POD#7. Patients were followed up to for 1 year and they have no sign of recurrence. Conclusions: A high index of suspicion, prudent diagnostic skills(including fine-needle aspiration biopsy, CT, US), and meticulous surgical approach are the keys to a successful management of these lesions. We experienced two cases of parotid neoplasia, in the treatment of tumor reccurence & iatrogenic tumor arising from the parotid gland and are presented with the review of literatures.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.949-956
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• 2006

The development of flip-graft, yield of antler and growth of antler in Sika deer, Red deer and Elk were investigated to establish the technology of transplantation of flip-graft. Pedicle flip-grafts were transplanted on the sides pedicle, on the midline of forehead and on the middle line of the skull. The success rate of transplantation was 42％, 5 animals out of 12. The yields of antler and number of point were 716g and 1,071g, and 2.3 and 1.0 in control and donor of flip-graft, respectively in red deer. The length and weight of anther of recipient of flip-graft in elk were 17cm, 302g. The length and weight of hard antler of recipient of flip-graft in red deer were 26cm and 122g. Flip-graft should be transplanted on the scull after removal of the corium for strong adherence.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.177-181
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• 2000

배경 및 목적: Theodor Kocker에 의해 일반화된 전통적인 갑상선 수술방법은 갑상선 질환의 종류 및 정도, 수술범위와 상관없이 광범위한 수술범위로 인한 조직 손상으로 인해 수술후 환자들의 여러가지 불편감은 물론 경부의 넓은 부위의 통증과 경부 피부부종, 장액종, 혈종 등과 같은 후유증을 동반할 수 있다. 최근 본 저자들은 이같은 전통적 갑상선 수술의 부작용을 최소화하기 위해 작은 피부절개($3{\sim}4.5cm$) 후 피하 피판(subplatysmal skin flap) 없이 직접 갑상선으로 접근하는 새로운 수술기법으로서 최소침습 갑상선 수술기법을 개발하였기에 그 술식을 소개하고 전통적인 갑상선 절제술에 대한 우월성을 확인하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 1월 15일 부터 2000년 1월 14일까지 573예의 갑상선 수술 예 중 최소침습 갑상선절제술이 시행되었던 466예와 1998년 1월 15일부터 1999년 1월 14일까지 전통적 갑상선 수술을 시행한 549예 중 거대 종양(양성>6cm, 악성>5cm), 흉골하 선종, 국소진행암, 재발암, 측경부의 다발성 림프절 전이가 있었던 112예를 제외한 437예의 임상병리적 특성과 피부절개 길이, 수술 시간, 수술중 출혈양, 수술후 진통제 요구빈도 및 재윈기간, 수술 후 합병증 발생빈도를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: 두 군간의 임상병리적 특성상의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 피부절개 길이($3.7{\pm}0.7cm,\;vs\;9.6{\pm}3.3cm$), 수술 시간($57.6{\pm}11.7$분 vs $85.2{\pm}32.3$분) 수술 중 출혈양($18.4{\pm}15.3ml\;vs\;43.1{\pm}21.8ml$), 수술후 재원기간($1.6{\pm}0.5$일 vs $4.3{\pm}1.6$일), 및 수술후 진통제 요구빈도가 전통적 수술군에 비해 최소침습 수술군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 감소되었으나(p<0.05), 수술후 장액종 및 혈종 형성, 일시적인 음색변화, 일시적인 저칼슘혈증과 같은 합병증의 발생빈도는 각각 4.3%(n=20)와 4.8%(n=21)로 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론: 최소침습 갑상선 수술법은 새로운 수술기구의 도입 없이도 갑상선 수술의 충분한 시야를 확보할 수 있고 안전하고 간단하게 시행할 수 있으며, 기존 수술법으로 인한 부작용을 최소화할 수 있어 전통적 인 수술법을 대치할 수 있는 새로운 방법으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2014

In this paper, parafoil airdrop system has been designed and analyzed. 6-degrees of freedom (6-DOF) model of the parafoil system is set up. Nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) and Proportion integration differentiation (PID) methods were separately applied to adjust the flap yaw angle. Compared the results of setting time and overshoot time of yaw angle, it is found that the of yaw angle is more stable by using PID method. Then, trajectory following controller was designed based on the simulation results of trajectory following effects, which was carried out by using MATLAB. The lateral offset error of parafoil trajectory can be eliminated by its lateral deviation control. The later offset deviation reference was obtained by the interpolation of the current planning path. Moreover, using the designed trajectory, the trajectory following system was simulated by adding the wind disturbances. It is found that the simulation result is highly agreed with the designed trajectory, which means that wind disturbances have been eliminated with the change of yaw angle controlled by PID method.