• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.87-118
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of person-job fit, which consists of educational fit and skill fit, on employees' intrinsic job satisfaction. To the end, the 10-year balanced panel data of the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS) by the Korea Labor Institute (KLI) for 2008-2017 are utilized. This study analyzes 12,730 observations by 1,273 employees by using fixed effect model, random effect model, and pooled OLS estimation method. The empirical results are as follows: First, it is founded that educational fit and skill fit seem affect job satisfaction positively. Second, the negative effects of over-education are clear and the negative effects of under-education are unclear, while the effects of over-skilled and under-skilled are insignificant statistically. Third, the results imply that the size of effect of over-education on intrinsic job satisfaction is larger than that of the effect of over-skilled. Forth, it is shown that the use of fixed effect model is more effective and trustworthy than that of random effect model and pooled OLS estimation method, implying that the effect size of coefficients which are estimated by pooled OLS method and random effect model are likely over-estimated. The empirical results above imply that firms and employees should focus on solving over-education issue before all in order to enhance employees' job satisfaction and it is needed to monitor regularly whether systemic job assignment process is done based on the employees' educational attainment and skill level and to provide more chances for job re-allocation and job rotation.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2001

This paper suggests a generalized logit model with mixed effects for analysing frequency data in multi-contingency table. In this model nominal response variable is assumed to be polychotomous. When some factors are fixed but condisered as ordinal and others are random, this paper shows how to use baseline-category logits to incoporate the mixed-effects of those factors into the model. A numerical algorithm was used to estimate model parameters by using marginal log-likelihood.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.107-120
• /
• 1995

A soil-structure interaction formulation is used here which is based on consideration of the dynamics of the structure with a free, rather than a fixed, base. This approach is shown to give a quite simple procedure for coupling the dynamic characteristics of the structure to those of the foundation and soil in order to obtain a matrix formulation for the complete system. In fixed-base studies it is common to presume that each natural mode of the structure has a given fraction of critical damping, and since the interaction formulation uses a free-base model, it seems natural for this situation to assign the equal modal damping values to free-base modes. It is shown, though, that this gives a structural model which is significantly different than the one having equal modal damping in the fixed-base modes. In particular, it is found that the damping matrix resulting in equal modal damping values for free-based modes will give a very significantly smaller damping value for the fundamental distortional mode of the fixed-base structure. Ignoring this fact could lead one to attribute dynamic effects to interaction which are actually due to the choice of damping.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.148-157
• /
• 2011

Objectives: Although compensation for occupational injuries and diseases is guaranteed in almost all nations, countries vary greatly with respect to how they organize workers' compensation systems. In this paper, we focus on three aspects of workers' compensation insurance in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries - types of systems, employers' funding mechanisms, and coverage for injured workers - and their impacts on the actual frequencies of occupational injuries and diseases. Methods: We estimated a panel data fixed effect model with cross-country OECD and International Labor Organization data. We controlled for country fixed effects, relevant aggregate variables, and dummy variables representing the occupational accidents data source. Results: First, the use of a private insurance system is found to lower the occupational accidents. Second, the use of risk-based pricing for the payment of employer raises the occupational injuries and diseases. Finally, the wider the coverage of injured workers is, the less frequent the workplace accidents are. Conclusion: Private insurance system, fixed flat rate employers' funding mechanism, and higher coverage of compensation scheme are significantly and positively correlated with lower level of occupational accidents compared with the public insurance system, risk-based funding system, and lower coverage of compensation scheme.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.297-314
• /
• 2009

When the temperature of a structure varies, there is a tendency to produce changes in the shape of the structure. The resulting actions may be of considerable importance in the analysis of the structures having non-prismatic members. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the modeling, analysis and behavior of the non-prismatic members subjected to temperature changes with the aid of finite element modeling. The fixed-end moments and fixed-end forces of such members due to temperature changes were computed through a comprehensive parametric study. It was demonstrated that the conventional methods using frame elements can lead to significant errors, and the deviations can reach to unacceptable levels for these types of structures. The design formulas and the dimensionless design coefficients were proposed based on a comprehensive parametric study using two-dimensional plane-stress finite element models. The fixed-end actions of the non-prismatic members having parabolic and straight haunches due to temperature changes can be determined using the proposed approach without necessitating a detailed finite element model solution. Additionally, the robust results of the finite element analyses allowed examining the sources and magnitudes of the errors in the conventional analysis.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.175-192
• /
• 2021

Purpose - In this study, we investigate the effects of government environmental subsidies and the globalization Chinese firms on their profitability using return on assets (ROA). Design/methodology/approach - In this study, a merged data including accounting, financial market, subsidization of the Chinese governments, local and the central, and export activities of 19,563 year-firms, for those listed on Shanghai Stock and Shenzhen Stock Exchange for 11 years from 2008 to 2018 is used. We collect subsidy data from RESSET database and financial data from CSMAR database. Then, we empirically test the test hypotheses using fixed effects models (FEM) separately and in a simultaneous equation model (SEM). Findings - Firstly, the globalization of Chinese firms has a negative impact on their profitability for some years after the year. Secondly, environmental subsidies just like other subsidies have ameliorating effects on financial performance for global firms. Such effects have lasted some years. Thirdly, environmental investments have a mostly negative impact on short- and long-term profitability for global firms. Lastly, the government's environmental subsidies in China have a positive effect on their profitability for both global and domestic firms. Research implications or Originality - We can infer that environmental investments with the help of the governmental subsidies can help Chinese firms deploy global strategies to expand markets to surpass competitors in the long run despite worsening profitability in global markets in the short run.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.577-585
• /
• 2008

This paper suggests a marginal probability model for analyzing repeated polytomous response data when some factors are nested in others in treatment structures on a larger experimental unit. As a repeated measures factor, time is considered on a smaller experimental unit. So, two different experiment sizes are considered. Each size of experimental unit has its own design structure and treatment structure, and the marginal probability model can be constructed from the structures for each size of experimental unit. Weighted least squares(WLS) methods are used for estimating fixed effects in the suggested model.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.121-126
• /
• 2004

This paper discusses about how to build up a mixed-effects model using cumulative logits when there are some factors are fixed and others are random. Random factors are assumed to be coming from a two-way nested design for choosing individuals or experimental units to apply treatments. Estimation procedure for the unknown parameters in a suggested model is also discussed by an illustrated example.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.5-10
• /
• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this paper was to analyze the Chinese government's announcement of the RMB's appreciation on July 1, 2010, and its aim was to ascertain whether the appreciation has affected Chinese export prices by empirically measuring the degree of the exchange rate pass-tough on those prices. Research design, data, and methodology - Using 73 HS trade categories with cross-industry and time-series data, the panel estimation of a fixed-effects model has been applied to measure the degree and stability of any exchange rate pass-through effects. The estimation results show that the export prices of most trade categories were affected by the exchange rate changes. The pass-through effect was generally small, at about -0.485, and statistically significant in most export prices. Results - The empirical results indicate that China would lose its advantage and competitiveness in export if the RMB were appreciated continuously and rapidly because its export goods would no longer operate under strong monopolistic competition. Conclusions - The implications for China's exchange rate policy suggest that it would be better for the RMB to appreciate slowly and gradually rather than radically. It is clear that it would be allow the capital free flow in Chinese overall economic interest to reduce the continuous appreciation pressure on the currency and pave the way for improvements in export distribution competitiveness.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.122-128
• /
• 2014

When evaluating effectiveness of a program, there is a tendency to simply compare the performances of the treated before and after the program or to compare the differences in the performances of the treated and the untreated before-after the program. However, these ways of evaluating effectiveness have problems because they can't account for environmental changes affecting the treated and/or effects coming from the differences between the treated and the untreated. Therefore, in this paper, panel data analysis (fixed effects model) is suggested as a means to overcome these problems and is utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of fusion technology program conducted by Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Korea. As a result, it turns out that the program has definitely positive impacts on the beneficiary in terms of sales, R&D expenditure, and employment.