• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2003

"Jinaik(津液)" is essential nutritious body fluid for human to be alive, and it can be divided various kinds according to it's location, character, and function. Five Fluids -sweat, snivel(mucus), slobber(saliva), tear, spittle(saliva)- are kinds of "Jinaik(津液)", and all of them belong to kidney. They are also related with five organs, such as sweat belongs to heart, snivel(mucus) belongs to lung, slobber(saliva) belongs to spleen, tear belongs to liver, spittle(saliva) belongs to kidney. We can find out five organs' physiological and pathological conditions by means of observations on the Five Fluids. Five organs' function comes out upper seven openings -two eyes two ears, nose, mouth and tongue. The Five Fluids provide all the nutrition upper seven openings need, so they can help for human to hear, see, smell, and taste properly.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.75-80
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• 2016

Objectives : The paper raises an objection to the word '涕' being used to refer to nasal discharge, and proposes a word for nasal discharge upon studying a set of medical books. Methods : The author finds and confirms the dictionary definition of '涕' and studies how they are used differently in medical books. Through this study, the author shows how the word '涕' is used incorrectly and makes deductions for its reason. The author takes a look at the old form of the word '涕', its etymological origin, takes a guess as to the real word that should have been used to refer to nasal discharge, and find examples of instances where this correct word for nasal discharge are more appropriate. Results & Conclusions : In medical books such as Huangdineijing Suwen, '涕' is used to mean nasal discharge, but the word's dictionary definition does not validate such usage. Yugunryeombu (劉君廉夫), in its commentary for Somun, used '?' and '鼻夷' for '涕', and '?' means nasal discharge and used as same as '涕' when its used to mean tear. This is a phenomenon that originated from '弟' and '夷' being used interchangeably which led to the incorrect usage of '?'. If someone were to refer to nasal discharge, he needs to use '?'. '鼻夷' is believed to be the same word as '弟鼻', which is the old form of '?', and it means both tear(pronounced 'Che') and nasal discharge(pronounced 'Je'). However, the pronunciation different between 'Che' and 'Je', and its definition as tear, is divided in later periods into '涕' following the shape of '弟'. Following the shape of '夷', the meaning of nasal discharge remains in '?' while retaining the pronunciation of 'yi'. Therefore, the word '涕' used to mean nasal discharge is an incorrect form of '?', and should all be re-written to '?'.