• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2009

Two of the most important topics of the 21st century are ensuring harmony between man and his environment and the emerging long-tail economy in which niche markets are becoming increasingly more important. Since the Industrial Revolution in 17th century, human beings have increasingly exploited the world's natural capital, such as the natural environment and its ecosystems. Now the world is facing limits to sustainable economic growth because of limits to this natural capital. Thus, most countries are beginning to adopt a new development paradigm, the so-called"Green Development Paradigm" which pursues environmental conservation in parallel with economic growth. Recently, the Korean government announced an ambitious national policy of Low Carbon & Green Growth for the next six decades. This is an important step that transforms the existing national policy into a new future-oriented one. The fisheries sector in particular has great potential for making a substantial contribution to this national policy initiative. For example, the ocean itself with its sea plants and phytoplankton has an enormous capacity for fixing carbon, and its vast areas of tidal flats have a tremendous potential for cleaning up pollutants from both the sea and the land. Furthermore, the fishing industry has great potential for the development of fuel-saving biodegradable technologies, and a long-tail economy based on digital technologies can do much to promote the production and consumption of green goods and services derived from the oceans and the fisheries. In order for this potential to be realized, the fisheries authority needs to develop a new green-growth strategy that is practical and widely supported by fishing communities and the markets, taking into account the need for greenhouse gas reduction, conservation of the ocean environment and ecosystems, an improved system for seafood safety, the establishment of strengthened MCS (monitoring control surveillance) system, and the development of coastal ecotourism. In addition, fisheries green policies need to be implemented through a well-organized system of government aids, regulations and compensation, and spontaneous (voluntary) orders in fishing communities should be promoted to encourage far more responsible fisheries.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.52-69
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• 2016

The fishing port was once the foothold of production as well as the stronghold of communities but with the declining of the fishing industry, ports became abandoned space. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province has continued its effort to vitalize marine tourism since 2010. Shinyang Port in particular is designated as a Prearranged Marina Port Development Zone, and planning for the Jeju Ocean Marina City project is underway. Nevertheless, fishing port remodeling projects implemented on Jeju so far have focused only on civil engineering such as renovating old facilities. In addition, most Marina Port Development Projects have been irrelevant to local communities. Leading projects by the local government mostly suffer from a lack of funding, which results in the renovation of old facilities and improper maintenance, while private sector investment projects do not lead to benefit sharing with the community. Shinyang Port, also renovated in 2008, ended up with outer breakwater extension construction that neither solved the fundamental problem of the site nor gave benefits to residents. To arrange a way to solve problems for civil engineering focused development project, improper maintenance, and benefit sharing with community, first, this study proposes a development plan that connects with the outlying areas near the ports. The plan reflects existing topography, Jeju traditional stonewalls, narrow paths on the master plan and programs by reading the regional context. In this way, this paper suggests a space development plan reflecting the local landscape and characteristic factors. Second, it satisfies various needs by using existing and new Marine Tourism Resources. Third, it examines sustainable operation and management measures through residents' participation. The proposal is significant in two key ways: it is a fresh attempt at connecting the fishing port with its outlying areas from a landscape perspective; and it considers environmental, social, economic issues, and suggests participation for local communities. Thus, the model can be used in future fishing-port remodeling plans for revitalizing unused space, including invaluable traditional landscapes, and for boosting the marine-leisure industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.345-352
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• 2008

A self-regulatory community fisheries management program in Korea is designed to enhance fisheries resources, to protect fishing grounds of self-regulatory communities, and to manage their fisheries resources by their own regulations and knowledge. This study explored an applicable ecosystem-based management plan based on the scientific investigation and analysis. This study suggested objectives, indicators and reference points of the ecosystem-based resource management system which are applicable to selfregulatory community fisheries. The objectives of the management system are to maintain sustainable fisheries production, to maintain optimum fishing intensity, to reduce by-catch, to conserve spawning ground and habitat, to maintain optimum habitat environment, to increase/maintain abundance of prey species, to increase/maintain stock biomass, and to conduct stock enhancement on the basis of scientific assessment. The improved methods for the assessment and management are introduced by demonstrating a self-regulatory fishery which targets on hen clam in Dong-li fishing village in Busan.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2008

Fishing in Kenya, until the discovery of Nile perch as an export commodity in the early 1990s, has basically a subsistence occupation for the lake and coastal communities. The government also did not recognize the importance of fisheries as a contributor to the macro-economy and therefore, did not pay much attention in terms of resource allocation for the development of the sector. Most fishing in Kenya is artisanal, with a little industrial fishing by prawn trawlers. The deep sea (EEZ) fishery resources are currently exploited by DWFNs through a licensing system. Only a small quantity of catch from the EEZ is landed in Kenya, primarily tuna loins for processing for export. Currently capture fisheries, mainly from Lake Victoria, earn local fishers over Kenya shillings (K Sh) 7 billion, while exports earn the country K Sh 5 billion (US$ 50 million) in foreign exchange annually. The government has been putting in place an enabling environment to promote investment activities in order to achieve economic recovery as well as for the development and sustainable use of fisheries resources in the country within the specified period. The Department's major roles are to ensure sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources; to promote aquaculture development; to assure quality and safety of fish and fishery products; and to facilitate fish marketing in order to maximize the benefits that can be derived from fisheries. The contribution of fisheries to local incomes, subsistence and food nutrition is significant, as this occurs in areas with the highest incidences of poverty in the country.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.351-358
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• 2006

The farming and fishing village roads is located in a mountainous geographical feature, a resident's movement zone is followed by many restrictions in economic activities or social activities. Establishment of general planning gets into guide of long-term development direction for road in farming and fishing villages area. This study examined and analyzed a regional characteristics such as a regional environment and traffic condition, etc. and an actual condition of farming and fishing village roads, selected a factor affecting a priority to open a road, calculated a weight per each factor by AHP & Statistical analysis techniques, converted it into GIS database, and determined a priority for paying forming and fishing village roads. It is that development precedence and estimation calculation are decided applying result of research, GIS and AHP and statistical processing techniques.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.363-372
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate drinking habits of employees and to provide basic descriptive data for effective drinking prevention programs, therapies and rehabilitation services for the health improvement of employees. Data were collected from 500 employees living in Gangwondo, from June 12 to August 25, 2010. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS 10.1 program. The mean score of positive views on alcohol was 2.93 and the mean score of negative views on alcohol was 3.18. Among alcohol abuse people who answered 'yes' on more than 2 variables out of 4 CAGE variables were 25.1% of the subjects. Problem drinkers with more than 8 points from AUDIT accounted for 64.8% of the subjects. The most common disease due to alcohol drinking was gastrointestinal tract disease. The result of this study suggests that it is necessary to maintain the atmosphere to improve drinking culture and to develop for drinking preventive educations and implementations for employees in farming and fishing communities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

The present age demands a change in attitude based on a differentiated life value from city. It will provide to a fundamental solution for the gap of living level in the farming and fishing communities and recreate distinguishing comfortable communities. The purpose of this study was to deduct the formation characteristics of the townscape of Korean slow city according to analyze resources and structure of landscape. Planning of slow city's townscape is a process of imagification of filtrate unique meaning. The glob share synchronic unique values by slow city's network. Therefore instead of putting emphasis on promoting tourist business for short-term revenue, it will be under control to raise the standard of living and to be not forfeited and diluted the rights for sustainable slow city's status. Participation of resident needs in this process. Accordingly it need a strategy of landscape formation design and a interdepartmental practice system for a continuous slow city's image by renewal of disharmonious townscape in the built-up area.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.121-148
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• 1997

The Japanese fishery management system has been established on the basis of various experience accumulated over many years. The fishery management system in Japan, one of the oldest fishery management systems in the world, is aimed at ensuring comprehensive utilization of the water surface and developing fishery productivity, by giving protection of the breeding environment of aquatic animals and plants, enabling the appropriate use of fishery grounds, preventing and solving disputes over fishery grounds and making other fishery adjustments. Japanese Fishery Law has been changed largely into (1) The Feudal Era(to 1900), (2) The Oldest Fishey Law(1901~48), (3) Current Fishery Law(1949 to present). Japanese fishery legislation is designed as a single package combining coastal, offshore and distant-water fisheries. During the period of the old fishery law, numerous conflicts arose over the joint use of fishing grounds and fish stocks. Such conflicts occurred among users of the same gear as well as between users of different gears or of different sizes of fishing craft. Large scale conflict sometime occurred between neighbouring fishing communities due to a lack of fairness in principle and coordination in practice. Therefore, the new fishery law enacted in 1949. This law was designed primarily to realize the most effective and rational use of fishing grounds and fishery resources, the basic philosophy being that, through democratic organization by fishermen themselves, productivity would be stimulated and incomes and living standards eventually improved. Nowadays, Community Based Fisheries Management through democratic organization by fishermen themselves have to enforce at coastal fisheries. This Community Based Fisheries Management manage to fishery resources by fishermen themselves and harvest in collaboration with that resources. Therefore, this paper is intended to briefly to describe the entire system and the historical development of Japanese fishery legislation in order to assist in reform of our country fisheries management regime.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.1-29
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• 2002

The main objective of this research aims at analyzing efficiency of government financial transfers(GFTs) to the Korean fisheries sector, using the Linear Structural Relations model(i.e., LISERL model) and the field survey data. Most policies of GFTs tend to be implemented to protect industries with weak competitive advantages such as infant and/or primary industries. Specific policy instruments include income transfers, government loans with lower interest rates, taxes and the like. Fishing activities are made at a highly changeable natural environment of the ocean with a great amount of risk and uncertainty. Fishing households make their livelihood under the small-scale fisheries. Such fisheries and fishing households have also a relatively weak market power. Because of these fisheries characteristics most coastal states have adopted a variety of government support programs. However, despite such a huge government support, during the past several decades the world fishing communities have seen a tendency of continuous fishereis resource overexploitation. For this resason there have been hot debates over the government support policies for fisheries through OECD, FAO, WTO, and UNEP. In general, policy evaluations tend to be made on the basis of benefit-cost(B/C) analysis. However, the B/C analysis may produce results quite different from real ones primarily due to many unmeasurable effects. Thus, the authors composed simple questionaires and let fishermen, government officials and academic people answer the questions. The survery was made in several ways such as post-mail and personal/group interviews. In recent years, for analysis of policy performances and effectiveness, the LISREL model has often been used, which consists of structural and measurement eqquations. This model has a good advantage of transforming unobservable variables to observable ones so that it helps construct endogenous cause and effect relationships among relevant variables. The evaluation was done from the two aspects: policy results and policy effectiveness. The policy result evaluation showed that there is a need for improvement for policy problem perception and decision-making process, while the policy effect evaluation suggested that the policy goals were successfully achieved and social justice was improved from the perspective of the entire society as well. However, the research results showed that the GFT policies rendered little contrubtion to narrowing down the gap between GFT beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries incomes.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.257-262
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• 2015

The ancient fishing methods include stone fish weir, beach seine and baulk net, but the fish catches of the stone fish weir is the most abundant. The stone fish weirs not only constitute important landscape, but also are representative of the fishery culture in Penghu, because they are fishing ground built by ancient people to take advantage of natural environment and resources. The objectives of this study is to understand the relevance of stone fish weirs in Penghu and to preserve biological diversity, as well as the value of stone fish weirs in Penghu fishery culture, and further make suggestions on the stone fish weirs. According to the present study, the marine species around the stone fish weirs tend to be diversifying, and in the future the region's economy can be revitalized by sightseeing, which may promote the ecotourism, and also volunteer tourism. In the future, stone fish weirs must be promoted as a sightseeing destination. Also, by taking into consideration the experience of the Jibei stone weir protection team, the local communities of Penghu can have their own protection team to revitalize the stone fish weirs for sustainable operation and management.