• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.69-83
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate whether asymmetric price transmission exists in the distribution stage of farmed olive flounder market. For the analysis, time series data were used for the producer prices of Jeju and Wando, and the wholesale prices of Incheon, Hanam and Busan. Through the Granger causality test, the causal relationship from the producer price to the wholesale price was derived and the asymmetric price transmission was analyzed using the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). As a result of the analysis, it was found that there is a phenomenon of 'positive asymmetric price transmission' from the producer price to the wholesale price. This result can be one evidence that excess profits are received in the intermediate distribution stage, and can be said to be a result showing the incompleteness and inefficiency of the distribution structure of the farmed olive flounder. In the future, it is required to establish an information-sharing system in all stages of production, distribution, and consumption that can create a competitive environment for distribution participants and resolve information asymmetry. Also, it is necessary to review the distribution center specializing in live fish from the viewpoint of the establishment of new distribution channels and sales diversification strategy under the rapidly changing fisheries environment.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.29-43
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• 2023

The United States is Korea's important trading partner, ranking third (13.7%) in exports of fishery products in Korea. The impact on exports to the United States is expected to be significant if the seafood import provisions under the MMPA are implemented in 2024 accordingly. It is expected that documents proving production information will be required for all items when exporting to the U.S. Therefore, this study attempted to examine the current status of exports and exporters in order to understand the actual conditions of major fishery products exported to the United States. Besides, there are currently no official system and procedures in Korea to prove production information for all fishery items, so we tried to suggest implications by examining distribution channels for major export items to the U.S. In this study, five items including seaweed and halibut as domestic aquaculture items, tuna and squid as deep-sea fishing items, and fish cake using imported raw materials were selected as the target items for distribution channel investigation. In addition, this study is meaningful in that it investigated the routes from production to processing, distribution, and export of each item and identified detailed distribution channel for major items exported to the U.S.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.33-54
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• 2000

This study intends to examine the distribution channel of the most popular ten species caught in Korean coastal and off-shore fisheries with the aid of interviewing fish brokers and cooperative staffs in fish landing markets. This paper finds and emphasizes the following three suggestions, in order to improve the present scheme of fish distribution system. Firstly, annual catch of 10 kinds of fishes is successively decreasing in quantity from 1994 to 1998. Moreover annual catch shows larger variations than fish price and cooperative sales quantity. Except sea eel and sole, cooperative sales accommodates more than 90% of the fish landed, accounting for the small variation in cooperative sales, which invalidates the effectiveness of the free distribution system adopted by the government. Secondly, diversified distribution channels are exposed according to the nature of the fish, the method to harvest, and the quantity caught. Large retailers such as discount stores, super chains and home shopping institutions are actively involving themselves in direct purchase in fish landing markets. Through the analysis of distribution routes, the general distribution channel of fresh fish has been found such as producers longrightarrow fish brokers in landing markets longrightarrow fish brokers in central wholesale markets longrightarrow wholesalers longrightarrow retailers longrightarrow consumers. In order to reduce distribution margin through the analysis of distribution function and distribution margin, this paper presents a new distribution channel such as producers longrightarrow fish brokers in landing markets longrightarrow wholesalers longrightarrow retailers longrightarrow consumers. Thirdly, to improve the fish landing markets, this paper suggests the M&A of uneconomical fish landing markets or renovating toward wholesalers, introduction of processing services and improvement of processing facilities, subsidizing fish brokers in landing markets, revitalization of marketing divisions in cooperatives and improvement in fish auction system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.151-156
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• 2009

This study shows that the distribution density of snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, was estimated using an underwater video monitoring system attached on the towing sledge. The field experiments were carried out at the coastal waters around Chuksan, East Sea, where ranged from 110 to 130m depth during September and October 2007. The sledge was towed for 40 minutes and the towing speed was controlled between 1.5 to 1.7 knot and each research areas were calculated to multiply towed distance by the detection width of the video monitoring system(1.2m), and then, distribution density of snow crab in each observations were estimated as a counted number of crab per 1,000$m^2$. The result shows that their survey, taken between two months, reflected similar results during survey period, and the maximum and mean distribution densities in September estimated to be 77.0(number/1,000$m^2$) and 19.9, respectively, and those of October were 36.0 and 21.8, respectively.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.143-161
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• 2015

This study presents a comparative analysis on mackerel distribution process and price formation process, and investigation of price and margin between traditional markets and Large-scale discount store distribution channel. Through this, the study investigated distribution efficiency of each channel, and examined whether a difference of distribution efficiency leads to a difference of performance through the investigation of a difference of function and role between members of a wholesale market and vendor of Large scale discount store. The following are the results of this study. As a consequence of investigating supply and sum by distribution channel of mackerel, it appeared that mackerels shipped from port market are distributed into 9 consumption sites(Wholesale market, Large scale discount store, Institutional Food Service, etc.). In the comparison of distribution efficiency between traditional retail store and Large scale discount store 52.0% margin is formed in traditional retail store distribution channel and 43.1% margin is formed in Large scale discount store, and a distribution cost rate consists of 19.4% cost in a traditional retail store for fishery products and 18.1% cost in a Large-scale discount store. To analyze a difference of performance, the study examine a difference of role and function between vendor and Wholesale market company, wholesaler and middleman. Wholesale market company and middleman of wholesale market for consumer have slightly high or similar score in collection function, sorting function, evaluation function and financial function which are traditional and original. However, it was confirmed that vendor has a better score in other functions, that is, newly-demanded functions(ex : market frontier function, product development function, Integral Distribution Function, etc.).

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.283-302
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• 2009

This study analyses the current status of trade in Korean fisheries and competitive power in export to China in the era of actual open-door policy, aiming to figure out problems in distribution Structure of fisheries and suggest directions for further development in this area. Political efforts have been consistently made to change distribution system of our fisheries into low-cost and high-efficiency system, but continuous contradictions occur in actual distribution. In this reality, we need a new perspective to reorganize distribution markets according to real conditions. To improve distribution Structures for fisheries, political focus should be given on reorganization of the entire structure. And to develop political directions for fisheries, we should evaluate its competitive powers and based on the results, we should develop efficient measures to use limited political resources.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.957-965
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• 2013

This study simulated the egg vertical distribution of mackerel Scomber japonicus in Korean waters using general numerical models. All eggs were spawned naturally by raising broodfishes (May-June 2013), and the egg specific gravity was measured by a density-gradient column. CTD surveys provided environmental data (e.g., temperature and salinity) in May near Jeju Island, Korea. The egg specific gravity during the early stages ranged from 1.0203-1.0211. In general, the fertilized eggs showed a gradual decline in egg specific gravity until full development of the main organs, with a sudden increase just before hatching. Modeled egg vertical distributions were influenced more by wind speed than by egg buoyancy and vertical structure of the sea water. During calm and normal wind speeds, the eggs were distributed from the surface to 25-m depths. Under strong wind conditions (three times higher than the normal speed), the egg concentration on the surface decreased, and the egg distributional depth was deeper (~50 m).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.370-378
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• 2012

This study is to find out the distribution characteristic of Octopus minor in the Tando Bay on the southwest coast of Korea with conducting surveys from May of 2006 to April of 2007. Surveys were carried out at 20 stations on 2 and 3 tide time in the low speed of high tide at night and conducted during 30minutes (4 times fishing) per station. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) was estimated by total catch per 500hooks at each station. Monthly CPUE showed that they put highest in October, November, April and June at 10.4, 10.5, 9.4 and 7.7 individuals respectively. On the other hand, CPUE put lowest in January, the coldest month, and August, the hottest month, at 0.2 and 0.3 individuals respectively. As for geographical mantle length distribution, average mantle length ranged from 6.2cm to 7.3cm at stations near the tidal channels (St. 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19 and 20), and was smaller than 6.0cm at stations located inside of bay (St. 2, 3, 7, 11, 12 and 17). In terms of geographical distribution density, CPUE showed higher than 8.0 at St.4 in Changmaeri, St.8 in Taecheonri, St.13 near Seondo, St.18 in Naeri and St.14 in western part of Tando which are located near the main tidal channels. And distribution density showed low that CPUE was lower than 5.0 individuals at stations located inside of bay (St. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 16 and 20). Through the results, the difference of distribution density reflects that distribution of Octopus minor is affected by direction of current and inflow of pollutant from land in direct. Therefore, it is considered that bottom composition of tidal flat and distribution of live food are the crucial cause of identifying the distribution characteristics of Octopus minor. For this reason, it is judged to need additional research on it.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.456-466
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• 2021

The distribution and abundance of euphausiids were investigated in Korean waters in 2016. Euphausiids were sampled with a Bongo net. A CTD (Sea Bird Electronics 9 plus) measured the water temperature and salinity while sampling. Mean water temperature ranged from 4.2-31.0℃. The highest temperatures occur in September and lowest temperatures in February. The mean water salinity ranged from 27.9-34.8 psu, with the highest salinities in March and lowest in September. Euphausiid species in group W consisted of four species. Among the euphausiid species, Euphausia pacifica was the dominant species with peak densities in September. The E. pacifica from group W was distributed in the bottom cold water during summer when a thermocline was formed. Five euphausiid species occurred in group S. E. pacifica and E. nana were the dominant species. In group S, E. nana was located in the warm and saline Tsushima Warm Current, a branch of the influential Kuroshio Current. Five euphausiid species occurred in group E. E. pacifica and T. longipes were the dominant species. In group E, E. pacifica and T. longipes were distributed in the deep and cold waters, these species prefer low water temperatures and perform vertical migration. The distribution of euphausiids in Korean waters were highly influenced by mass water characteristics, such as temperature and salinity.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.221-227
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• 2023

The vertical distribution of snow crab Chionoecetes spp. larvae in the East Sea were investigated in April 2021 using the Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS). The water temperature ranged from 0.86 to 17.2℃, and salinity from 34.0 to 34.7 psu. Zoea I and II occurred range from 29 to 1,982 inds.10³ m^-3 at 10 stations, and range from 4 to 11 inds.10³ m^-3 at 3 stations, separately. Therefore, Zoea I occurred in wider area and higher density than Zoea II at all stations. In the vertical distribution of larvae, all zoeal stages were mainly distributed in the 30-40 m strata, and the larvae showed nocturnal vertical migration similar to that of most zooplankton. Zoea I appeared in the range from 13.7 to 15.8℃ and occurred at the highest density of 1982 inds.10³ m^-3 at 14℃. And Zoea II appeared range from 13.4 to 14.5℃ and occurred in the highest density of 11 inds.10³ m^-3 at 13.4℃. In conclusion, the early larval stage (zoea I) occurred at a higher range of sea surface temperature than later larval stage (zoea II).