• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2021

본 연구는 어류소상을 위한 암거어도에 대한 설계기준이 미비함에 착안하여 그 필요성과 효과를 제시하고자 하였다. 이러한 목적을 위한 시도로서 선정된 목표어종에 맞추어 수리학적으로 원형암거 어도를 설계하였으며, 설치된 어도에 대한 효과를 확인하기 위한 모니터링을 시행하였다. 위어 배플을 설치하지 않은 일반적인 원형암거의 경우 암거 전체 구간에서 일정한 수심과 유속이 형성되기 때문에 대상어종이 소상할 수 없으므로 어류소상을 돕기 위해서는 반드시 휴게풀이 있는 어도의 설치가 필요함을 확인하였다. 위어 배플이 설치된 원형암거 경우에 휴게풀에서 수심은 240% 증가하고 유속은 70%가 감소하므로써 1 ~ 5초간 체장의 10배 이상의 돌진속도로 유영할 수 있는 피라미의 소상조건을 만족시킬 뿐 아니라 다양한 하천성 어종의 소상이 가능함을 확인하였다. 복원구간에 대한 사후 모니터링과 원형암거 어도에 대한 어류 포획 모니터링 조사에서 목표어종인 피라미가 어도를 이용하여 소상함을 입증하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.488-500
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• 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the conservation aspects of fishing techniques in small-scale fishing activities in Labuhan Maringgai. The research was conducted from August to November 2022 in Muara Gading Mas village, Labuhan Maringgai, eastern Lampung. The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) was employed as the methodology. The secondary data utilized in this study consisted of fisheries record books and fisheries monitoring reports. The indicator aspects cover 6 domains, namely: Habitat, Fish Resources, Fishing Technology, Social, Economic and Institutional. By employing the EAFM domain value classification, the fisheries management status was determined to be of medium level, with a total aggregate value of 1,204.3. However, the small-scale capture fisheries in Labuhan Maringgai, East Lampung, were categorized as medium status, but with values that tended to be low, particularly in the social domain composite value. This can be attributed to conflicts of interest, compliance levels, and efforts in capacity building.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.268-281
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• 2023

Coral reef fisheries are prominent for the archipelagic countries' food sufficiency and security. Studies showed that fish abundance and biomass are affected by biophysical variables. The present study determines which biophysical variables are important predictors of fish diversity, abundance, and biomass. The study used available monitoring data from the Indonesian Research Center for Oceanography, the National Board for Research and Innovation. Data were collected from 245 transects in 19 locations distributed across the Indonesian Archipelago, including the eastern Indian Ocean, Sunda Shelf (Karimata Sea), Wallacea (Flores and Banda Seas), and the western Pacific Ocean. Principal component analysis and multiple regression model were administered to 13 biophysical metrics against 11 variables of coral reef fishes, i.e., diversity, abundance, and biomass of coral reef fishes at three trophic levels. The results showed for the first time that the covers of other fauna, coral rubbles, and soft corals were the three most important predictor variables for nearly all coral reef fish variables. Other fauna cover was the important predictor for all 11 coral reef fish variables. Coral rubble cover was the predictor for ten variables, but carnivore fish abundance. Soft coral cover was a good predictor for corallivore, carnivore, and targeted fishes. Despite important predictors for corallivore and carnivore fish variables, hard coral cover was not the critical predictor for herbivore fish variables. The other important predictor variables with a consistent pattern were dead coral covered with algae and rocks. Dead coral covered with algae was an important predictor for herbivore fishes, while the rock was good for only carnivore fishes.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.216-223
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• 2015

본 연구는 영주댐 건설사업 영향에 따른 멸종위기야생생물 1급 어류 흰수마자의 보전을 위하여 수몰예정지 내 흰수마자를 서식적합지로 이주시키고, 댐에 의한 내성천 상하류 단절 및 유전적 폐쇄에 대비하여 인공종묘생산 및 복원을 통해 내성천에 치어를 방류하여 그 결과를 관찰하였다. 영주댐 수몰예정지 내 흰수마자는 8회 이상 포획 시도에도 불구하고 서식이 확인되지 않아 이주가능지로 이주는 이루어지지 않았다. 내성천에서 포획한 친어 40개체를 통해 인공종묘생산한 치어 5,000개체는 친어의 유전 다양성을 물려받은 것으로 분석되었으며, 사전에 물리적, 생물학적 환경조건 분석을 통하여 자연 서식지와 유사한 최적방류지를 선정하여 인공종묘생산 치어를 방류하였다. 초기에는 방류지점을 중심으로 미소분산이 이루어졌으나, 시간흐름에 따라 확산이 진행되면서 재포획 개체수가 감소하였다. 포획된 방류 개체들은 내성천 자연생태환경에 적응하여 서식하고 있으며, 복부 팽만도가 높고 총배설공으로 배설물이 확인되는 점으로 보아 자연 먹이 섭식이 정상적으로 이루어지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 인공종묘생산에 의한 영주댐 상하류 내성천 흰수마자 유전적 동질성 확보와 복원 개체군의 증강에 일차적 성공이 이루어지고 있는 것으로 파악되었으며 향후 장기적인 모니터링을 통한 지속적인 효과 분석이 필요할 것으로 전망되었다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.453-465
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• 2017

UN adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, a set of 17 objectives with 169 targets expected to guide actions over the next 15 years (2016-2030). One goal expressly focuses on the oceans, that is, SDG 14 'Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development'. More than 30% of fish stocks worldwide were classified by FAO(2016) as overfished. Globally, world capture fisheries are near the ocean's productive capacity with catches on the order of 80 million metric tons. Aquaculture production is increasing rapidly and is expected to continue to increase, but aquaculture encounters some environmental challenges, including potential pollution, competition with wild fishery resources, potential contamination of gene pools, disease problems, and loss of habitat. Accordingly, there have been a variety of world organization and conferences stressing the importance of the implementation of the ecosystem-based fisheries management(EBFM) to overcome these problems. Annual catch of Korean fisheries have shown continuously declining patterns since late 1990s. Most fish stocks are currently known to be over-exploited, and some stocks are depleted due to the increase in fishing intensity and over-capitalization of fishing fleets. Other reasons for the depletion are land reclamations and coastal pollution, which destroy spawning and nursery grounds along the coastal regions. Aquaculture production is also increasing rapidly in Korea. However, several important issues such as gene pool and interaction with capture fisheries should be considered. The EBFM approach should use the best available information coupled with a reasonable application of the precautionary approach. The EBFM has global relevance, and so the real challenge will be to develop and use reliable, robust and cost-effective means of assessing and monitoring the status of ecosystems and their resources, and rapid means of detecting any undesirable and excessive impacts that threaten sustainable use. Future fisheries education should take into account UN's SDGs, which were adopted to achieve the global 2030 agenda. However, there are some difficulties in the current fisheries education system in Korea. First, the current education organizations are limited within the old frame of traditional fisheries sciences. Second, the fisheries education is currently lack of the future-oriented education system and of customized schools or departments. Third, the on-going fisheries education has been based upon few educational policies which are sufficiently relevant to holistic SDGs of the global standard. Accordingly, directions to modern fisheries education for achieving SDGs would be, first, the transition of fisheries education structure into the future-oriented and customized education system. Second, fisheries education needs to shift to the new paradigm, which combines traditional fisheries science education with related fields such as oceanography and environmental sciences to adopt the concept of EBFM. Lastly, fisheries education should accompany relevant policies for effectively achieving SDGs.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2010

심해성 어류 등에 대한 메틸수은 기준규격 설정에 따른 사후 관리 차원의 모니터링을 실시하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 어종은 귀상어, 흑기흉상어, 곱상어, 청새리상어, 악상어, 적어, 은민대 및 체장메기 등 총 492건을 수거하여 메틸수은 함량을 조사하였다. 메틸수은 분석을 위한 분석법 타당성을 검토한 결과 GC-${\mu}ECD$의 검출한계와 정량한계는 0.002 mg/kg과 0.005 mg/kg으로 나타났으며 메틸수은의 검량선은 상관계수가 0.9992로 우수한 직선성을 보였고, 회수율은 84.2-98.5%(평균 93.4%)로 나타났다. 심해성 어류의 메틸수은 함량은 각 어종 별로 유의적인 차이가 있었으며, 메틸수은 함량[최소값-최대값(평균$\pm$표준편차), 단위: mg/kg]은 귀상어 0.157-2.009($\0.546{pm}0.311$), 청새리상어 0.211-0.878($0.501{\pm}0.154$) 및 곱상어 0.121-0.993($0.482{\pm}0.189$) 등에서 높게 나타났으며, 악상어 0.243-0.658($0.397{\pm}0.090$), 흑기흉상어 0.074-1.958($0.353{\pm}0.418$), 은민대구 0.038-0.807($0.302{\pm}0.201$) 및 적어 0.099-0.511($0.300{\pm}0.094$) 등에서는 낮은 것으로 나타났고, 체장메기의 경우 0.037-0.133($0.067{\pm}0.016$)으로 나타나 조사된 어종 중유의적으로 가장 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 조사된 심해성 어류 중 메틸수은 함량의 노출량 평가를 위해 JECFA의 PTWI와 비교 검토한 결과 상어류 0.7%, 은민대구 1.1% 및 체장 메기 0.3% 수준으로 나타났다. 또한 극단적인 노출량 평가를 위해서 어종별 메틸수은 최대 함량을 이용하여 산출한 결과도 상어류 2.9%, 은민대구 2.9% 및 체장메기 0.6% 수준으로 나타나 심해성 어류의 섭취로 인한 메틸수은 노출량은 안전한 수준인 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.882-888
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• 2005

어류 중에서 메틸수은의 함량을 측정하기 위한 분석법을 확립하였고, 일반적으로 수은 함량이 높은 것으로 알려진 다랑어류, 새치류, 상어류, 옥돔, 연어 및 시판 참치 통조림 등 175건의 총수은 및 메틸수은 함량을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 확립한 분석법의 회수율은 98-106%(평균 103%)이었으며 검출한계는 0.005mg/kg이었다. GC-ECD를 이용한 메틸수은 분석 컬럼은 DB-5ms 컬럼보다 Ulbon HR-Thermon-Hg 컬럼이 피크의 분리가 양호하였으며 검량선은 양호한 직선성을 나타내었다. 다랑어류 중 참다랑어. 눈다랑어, 황다랑어, 날개다랑어, 가다랑어의 총수은 및 메틸수은 함량은 각각 평균 0.829mg/kg 및 0.527mg/kg, 0.248mg/kg 및 0.174mg/kg, 0.108mg/kg 및 0.058mg/kg, 0.377mg/kg 및 0.218mg/kg, 0.023mg/kg 및 0.011mg/kg으로 조사되었다. 새치류 중 청새치, 황새치, 녹색치, 돛새치의 총수은 및 메틸수은 함량은 각각 평균 0.194mg/kg 및 0.099mg/kg, 0.658mg/kg 및 0.357mg/kg, 0.331mg/kg 및 0.097mg/kg, 0.108mg/kg 및 0.041mg/kg으로 황새치, 녹색치, 청새치, 돛새치의 순으로 수은함량이 나타났다. 상어류 중 청상아리, 흑기흉상어, 홍살귀상어의 총수은 및 메틸수은 함량은 각각 평균 0.549mg/kg 및 0.275mg/kg, 0.125mg/kg 및 0.061mg/kg, 0.498mg/kg 및 0.267mg/kg으로 나타났다. 연어의 총수은 함량은 평균 0.026mg/kg이었으며 메틸수은 함량은 평균 0.015mg/kg으로 낮은 수준을 보였다. 옥돔의 총수은 함량은 평균 0.133mg/kg, 메틸수은 함량은 0.056mg/kg으로 나타났다. 참치 통조림의 경우에는 총수은 함량이 0.093mg/kg, 메틸수은 함량이 0.043mg/kg으로 나타났다. 조사된 어류 중 우리나라의 수은 기준 및 Codex 규격을 초과한 시료는 없었으며, 다랑어류, 참치 통조림, 연어, 황새치를 통한 수은의 주산섭취량도 JECFA에서 설정한 총수은 및 메틸수은은 PTWI에 대하여 각각 0.5%이하 및 0.6% 이하로 나타나 조사된 어류를 통한 우리나라 국민들의 수은 섭취는 현재까지는 안전한 수준인 것으로 판단된다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2012

Kelp grouper ($Epinephelus$ $bruneus$ Bloch 1793) is a commercially important fish in Korea. In recent years, the catch of kelp grouper in the coastal waters of Korea has significantly declined. Despite its importance, little is known about its genetic diversity and conservation efforts are hampered. In this study, we isolated and characterized 12 microsatellite loci using an enrichment method based on magnetic/biotin capture of microsatellite sequences from a size-selected genomic library. All loci were readily amplified and contained TG/CA denucleotide repeats. To characterize each locus, 30 individuals from a natural E. bruneus population in the coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea, were genotyped. All loci except three, KEm118, KEm154, and KEm219, were polymorphic, with an average of 8.1 alleles per locus (range 2-18). The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.47 (range 0.19-1.00) and 0.61 (range 0.29-0.92), respectively. A significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed at three loci (KEm134, KEm184, and KEm283). These findings will be useful for effective monitoring and management of genetic variation of kelp grouper as well as for the implementation of a fisheries conservation program.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.221-234
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• 2019

Today, many important concrete face rockfill dams (CFRDs) have been built on the world, and some of these important structures are located on the strong seismic regions. In this reason, examination and monitoring of these water construction's seismic behaviour is very important for the safety and future of these dams. In this study, the nonlinear seismic behaviour of Ilısu CFR dam which was built in Turkey in 2017, is investigated for various reservoir water heights taking into account 1995 Kobe near-fault and far-fault ground motions. Three dimensional (3D) finite difference model of the dam is created using the FLAC3D software that is based on the finite difference method. The most suitable mesh range for the 3D model is chosen to achieve the realistic numerical results. Mohr-Coulomb nonlinear material model is used for the rockfill materials and foundation in the seismic analyses. Moreover, Drucker-Prager nonlinear material model is considered for the concrete slab to represent the nonlinearity of the concrete. The dam body, foundation and concrete slab constantly interact during the lifetime of the CFRDs. Therefore, the special interface elements are defined between the dam body-concrete slab and dam body-foundation due to represent the interaction condition in the 3D model. Free field boundary condition that was used rarely for the nonlinear seismic analyses, is considered for the lateral boundaries of the model. In addition, quiet artificial boundary condition that is special boundary condition for the rigid foundation in the earthquake analyses, is used for the bottom of the foundation. The hysteric damping coefficients are separately calculated for all of the materials. These special damping values is defined to the FLAC3D software using the special fish functions to capture the effects of the variation of the modulus and damping ratio with the dynamic shear-strain magnitude. Total 4 different reservoir water heights are taken into account in the seismic analyses. These water heights are empty reservoir, 50 m, 100 m and 130 m (full reservoir), respectively. In the nonlinear seismic analyses, near-fault and far-fault ground motions of 1995 Kobe earthquake are used. According to the numerical analyses, horizontal displacements, vertical displacements and principal stresses for 4 various reservoir water heights are evaluated in detail. Moreover, these results are compared for the near-fault and far-faults earthquakes. The nonlinear seismic analysis results indicate that as the reservoir height increases, the nonlinear seismic behaviour of the dam clearly changes. Each water height has different seismic effects on the earthquake behaviour of Ilısu CFR dam. In addition, it is obviously seen that near-fault earthquakes and far field earthquakes create different nonlinear seismic damages on the nonlinear earthquake behaviour of the dam.