• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.163-177
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• 2002

This study has been carried out to investigate the cause and etiology of vertigo by referring to 47 literatures. The results were as follows ; 1. Vertigo is classified in Oriental Medicine into Exess Symptom-Complex(實證) and Deficiency Symptom-Complex(虛證). Exess Symptom-Complex(實證) is caused by flare-up the fire of the liver(肝陽上亢), phlegm-heat(痰火) and exogenous pathogenic factors(外邪). Deficiency Symptom-Complex(虛證) is caused by insufficiency of the yin of the kidney(腎陰不足) and deficiency of qi and blood(氣血虛). 2. The principles of vertigo treatments are pyongganjamyang(平肝潛陽), sohwasigpung(消火息風), boiggihyul(補益氣血), geonunbiui(建運脾胃), boigsinjeong(補益腎精), chungyangnoisu(充養腦髓), joseubgeodam(燥濕祛痰), geonblhwaui(建脾和胃). 3. Various Needling Treatment Methods of vertigo in the recent Oriental Medicine are presented such as Filiform Needle(鍼刺療法), Auricular Acupuncture Therapy(耳鍼療法), Scalp Acupuncture Therapy(頭鍼療法), Cataneous Needle Therapy(皮膚鍼療法), Aqua Acupuncture Therapy(水鍼療法), etc.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2002

Occurring fire or burning bushes beneath overhead power lines have caused system disturbances in many countries. In this study, various tests in the simulated condition of power lines were conducted so as to investigate the reduction in insulation strength caused by combustion flame. Characteristics of the ac and dc flashover voltages in the vertical needle-plane, sphere-plane and rod-plane electrode system were investigated when the combustion flames were present near the high-voltage electrode. As the results of an experimental investigation, It was found that the average reduction characteristics of flashover voltages with the sphere-plane system, in comparison with the no-flames case, were about 1/3 times when the ac voltages were applied.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.410-418
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• 2023

Recently, advancements and commercialization in the field of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) has rapidly progressed. Concurrently, studies are also underway to develop methods for automatically surveying the condition of various on-board equipment remotely to ensure the navigational safety of MASS. One key issue that has gained prominence is the method to obtain values from analog gauges installed in various equipment through image processing. This approach has the advantage of enabling the non-contact detection of gauge values without modifying or changing already installed or planned equipment, eliminating the need for type approval changes from shipping classifications. The objective of this study was to identify a dynamically changing indicator needle within noisy images of analog gauges. The needle object must be identified because its position significantly affects the accurate reading of gauge values. An analog pressure gauge attached to an emergency fire pump model was used for image capture to identify the needle object. The acquired images were pre-processed through Gaussian filtering, thresholding, and morphological operations. The needle object was then identified through Hough Transform. The experimental results confirmed that the center and object of the indicator needle could be identified in images of noisy analog gauges. The findings suggest that the image processing method applied in this study can be utilized for shape identification in analog gauges installed on ships. This study is expected to be applicable as an image processing method for the automatic remote survey of MASS.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.403-410
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• 2017

In this paper, the fire extinguisher maintenance system using smart NFC communication and the real-time pressure measurement is proposed. The proposed system consists of three steps in the flow of information. The first step is to identify the fire extinguisher through NFC tagging in the fire extinguisher module using the smart device. The fire extinguisher appearance check and the real-time pressure measurement is performed in the second step, and the last step sends the check status information to the management server. In particular, the actual pressure value is calculated based on the angle of the green area and the indicating needle. Some experiments are conducted so as to verify the proposed system, and as a result, the proposed system shows that the administrator can effectively control the status information of fire safety check.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.5
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• pp.593-601
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• 2009

Forest disturbances including forest fire, insect pests and diseases, landslides, and forest conversion from 1976 to 2005 were investigated to trace the changes of major forest disturbance agents and their characteristics over time in accordance with changes in natural and social environment in South Korea. While the damaged area by insect pests and diseases continuously decreased for the past 30 years, damaged areas by forest fire and landslide were fluctuating through years. The interval of large forest fires has become shorter with increased tree volume. The precipitation between January and April were significantly correlated with large fire occurrences as Pearson's correlation coefficient -0.400 (P=0.029). The composition of major insect pests and diseases damaging Korean forests has been changed continuously, and become more diversified. While damages by pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus spectabilis) and pine needle gall midge (Thecodiplosis japonensis) decreased, damage by introduced pests has been more serious recently. The change of precipitation pattern that brought more localized heavy rain or powerful typhoon resulted in the recent increase in landslide areas. The major land uses to induce forest conversion have been changed, reflecting the changes in industrial structure in South Korea as agriculture and mining in 1970s, mining and golf ranges classified in pasture in 1980s, and road and housing construction in 1990s and 2000s. Changes in forest disturbance patterns in South Korea show that a country's industrial development is jointly working with global warming on forest stand dynamics. Altering energy structure and land use pattern induced by industrial development accumulates forest volume and reforms microenvironments on forest floor, interacting with climate change, inducing shorter interval of large forest fire and changes in major species composition of forest insect pests and diseases.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 1998

Methods and systems to remove static electricity are requested necessarily because the static electricity causes a flammable gas explosion, a fire, reduction of production rate in manufacturing VLSI semiconductor device and so on. In this paper, abrasion and dust contaminant of needle electrode are studied experimentally. And, frequencies and pulse durations of a high frequency pulse source were controlled effectively to minimize the abrasion of needle electrode and control generated numbers of ions. As a result, it is verified experimentally that the ion generation of charge neutralizer increases by using a high frequency pulse source.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.29-33
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• 2009

Sinpyeonjipsungmauibang is the classic on medical studies on horses written on the seventh year of Taejo of Chosun Dynasty, or the year of 1399. It was written with practical purpose, and it is the collection of medical studies on horses in our country from the last era of Koryo to the first era of Chosun. Acupuncture treatment in curing the disease of horses has much importance in this book. Most of the acupuncture was quoted from the classic Simuanjiji"司牧安驥集" from the Dang Dynasty, China. However, the contents were selected to only include what we need, and it was supplemented with our own experiences and explanations to be put into practical use. The idea of acupuncture point and meridian can be found in the book; it is, however, not as clear and complete as the current system. Also, the needle used in the book was usually the "needle with fire(火針)" and "method of burning(烙法)", and the "method of bloodletting(瀉血法)" was used often as well. The method of moxibustion was used as supplement for acupuncture.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2008

Although subacute granulomatous thyroiditis(SGT) is usually diagnosed clinically, papillary carcinoma or other thyroid conditions must be considered in the differential diagnosis. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and fine-needle aspiration(FNA) cytologic findings seen in 10 SGT cases to decide what are the most reliable cytologic findings and the most helpful molecular tools for reaching a confident cytologic diagnosis. The most representative smear slides were retrieved to perform immunocytochemistry for cytokeratin 19(CK19) and Ret protein. Five papillary carcinomas(PTCs) were included as controls. The constant and typical cytologic findings of SGT were multinucleated giant cells(MGCs) (100%), epithelioid granulomas(90%), an inflammatory dirty background(90%) and plump transformed follicular cells(80%) without fire-flare cells, oncocytic cells or transformed lymphocytes. The immunoreactivities for CK19(37.5%) and Ret(10%) of the follicular cells of SGT were less than those(CK19 and Ret:100%) of PTC. CK19 immunoreactivity of the MGCs was seen in only one case of PTC. There was no significant difference between CK19 and Ret immunocytochemical staining for the MGCs of both SGT and PTC. The results of this study demonstrate that the cytological diagnosis of SGT can be improved by employing a combination of the typical and constant diagnostic cytological features and immunocytochemical results.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.19
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• pp.179-191
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• 1998

The Dumu of casted iron objects which is the big vessel for the prevention of fire to wood building is conserved in Kyongpok Palace(Dumu sizes：diameter 97cm, height 42cm, thickness 2cm, weight 250kg). The treated objects which some parts were lost, were not corroded, but cracted and broken by an external power, and strongly attached an cement layer on inside surface. First of all cement layer was mechanically removed by pneumatic needle scaler, welded to electric method for broken and cracked pieces, and then the lost sections were restored to use a epoxy resin and glass fiber. In order to prevent a damage during the handling, the restoration section of the inside surface was treated different colour in comparison with original part.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.20-31
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• 2021

The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for patients with rotator cuff diseases. There were 12 electronic databases and 3 trial registries searched up to November 30th, 2019. All randomized trials were eligible, regardless of language, date of publication, or settings. The primary outcomes were pain, shoulder function, and proportion of improved participants assessed within 12 weeks of randomization of the trial. The Cochrane risk of bias for the studies was assessed. Effects sizes were presented as a risk ratio, mean difference, or standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence intervals. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was adopted to rate certainty of evidence. Of the 3,686 records screened, 28 randomized trials (2,216 participants) were included in this review. The types of acupuncture included manual acupuncture, dry needling, electroacupuncture, acupotomy, warm needle acupuncture, and fire needle acupuncture. All of the studies had an unclear or high risk of bias related to more than 1 domain. Significant benefits of acupuncture in terms of pain and shoulder function were observed in all comparisons, however, the proportion of improved participants was not described in 2 comparisons. There was substantial heterogeneity among meta-analyzed trials. No serious harm was observed. For primary outcomes, the overall certainty of evidence was very low. There was very low certainty of evidence for the benefits of acupuncture for patients with rotator cuff diseases. The safety of acupuncture remains unclear due to the incompleteness of reporting. Future well-designed randomized trials with transparent reporting are required.