• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.227-240
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• 2022

Under the Korean Enforcement Decree of the Building Act, all high story apartment houses more than 5 stories high are mandated to install a fire evacuation system to ensure safe evacuation from fire accidents and providing quick and easy bidirectional escape route when main entrance is blocked by flame or toxic smoke. However, the current fire evacuation system shows a lack of understanding from residents and thus is widely ignored for having insufficient safety functions, especially vis-à-vis fire emergencies. Studies have found that an alternative evacuation method, the escapable fire evacuation system, has been analyzed for safety evaluation compared with the conventional passive fire escape system and can bring efficient and safer solutions, providing high rise residents escape from fire accidents. Evaluation for safety evacuation has been performed by the Fire Dynamics Simulation and applying Pathfinder simulation. This resulted in providing appropriate escape routes within the safety escape time and allowed for people in high rise building fires to get to safety.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.95-104
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to propose measures to increase evacuation safety by calculating the habitable time using a fire and evacuation simulation program for the Room-escape cafe currently in operation, and comparing and analyzing it with the evacuation required time. Assuming a fire due to overheating of electric heaters in use in front of the warehouse, the habitable time was calculated through fire simulation, and the occupant's evacuation time calculated through evacuation simulation according installation of safety facilities, etc. was compared and analyzed with the habitable time. In the case of escape room cafes with safety facilities installed, evacuation safety was satisfied, but in escape room cafes without safety facilities, the evacuation safety was not secure. As a result of analyzing evacuation safety for each scenario based on the ASET analyzed in the fire simulation, it was found that in scenario 1, evacuation safety was secured and everyone successfully evacuated, while in scenario 2, no one succeeded in evacuation. These results can be said to confirm that the installation of safety facilities is very important in business establishments such as escape room cafes, which become enclosed structures when games are started.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.287-292
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• 2008

In this study, the evacuation training were performed in a high school building in Cheong-Ju and compared with the simulation program (Simulex). Also numerical analysis of room fire in school building was conducted by fire model (FDS, CFAST) and evaluated the available safe egress time for the safety assessment. As a result, the 8% of total egress persons were failed to escape at evacuation training and 40% of total egress persons were failed to escape at Simutex simulation. Simutex program was not reflected the real escape conditions, such as evacuation route, refuge place, etc.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.261-264
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• 2008

A guideline to complement safety problem of escape code at the fire controlling design stage was shown by comparing & analysing developed fire controlling countries such as US, UK, Japan, and etc. and appropriateness of improving legislations for building standard of escape code was examined by comparing & analysing escaping time with escape code simulation(SIMULEX, EXDOUS) as the guideline.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.87-93
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to verify the safety in case of fire and change of residential environment for different wall construction approaches in a stairways apartment house. In order to confirm that case_1, which is current case that most of wall is opened and the case 2, which upper part of wall is limitedly opened are compared and analyzed based on simulations of fire, escape and natural ventilation performance. The analysis reveals that possible escape time for case 1 was more than 600 seconds and for case 2 was 195 seconds. Since the escape times for both cases were over 128 seconds, it would be reasonable to assume that every resident would escape. The simulation results on natural ventilation performance shows the air change per hour of case 1 and case 2 were .19n/h and .16n/h and there was 1.2 times difference. However, the difference was too insignificant and it could be seen as that different approaches on wall construction would not significantly influence on natural ventilation performance.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2011

In the disaster prevention design, it is important point to secure escape way at event of fire which makes people away from the fire more quickly and safely. Development of construction techniques leads to build many skyscrapers, and skyscrapers contains various dangers and increase levels of disaster. At basic design stage for skyscrapers, evacuation scenario is considered that occupants are escape using escape stairs and emergency elevators simultaneously at fire, but there is no evacuation program to simulate using escape stairs and emergency elevators at the same time. In this study, evacuation simulation is performed using method of VR which is based on Virtools of 3DVIA Co., and Simulex of IES Co. for safety and effectiveness where occupants are escape using escape stairs and emergency elevators simultaneously at the fire.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.880-885
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• 2004

When a fire takes place, the escape tunnel which could prevent passengers and the crew from disasters would be most important facility among railway tunnel facilities for prevention of disaster. A shorter space between the escape tunnels is much better for safety because of short escape time. The establishment of short space escape tunnels(driftways) in the single track parallel tunnel is much easier. The establishment of long space escape tunnels(inclined shafts, vertical shafts) in the double track is much more advantageous economically. We, therefore, compared the movement time of smog originated from fire with the escape time of the crew and passengers for setting up the best space between the escape tunnels in the double track tunnel. We could calculate the best space between the escape tunnels in the double track tunnel properly by computer simulation.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 1989

It has been recognized that the escape facility planning is very important for effective evacuation of accupants on fire event. The ultimate goal of the escape facility planning is to evacuate occupants rapidly from building fires to the safe areas. In fire event, occupants usually gather, utilize and finally act upon information about state transient of building fire system, which is consisted of components of fire, building and accupant during the ralatively short period of the fire event. That is, occupants' egress behavior is largely dependent upon building fire system. Therefore, comprehensive study for the relationship between building fire system and occupants' egress behavior is needed. This study aims to suggest the pre -occupancy evaluation method of the life safety performance for the architectural design based on prediction of occupants' egress behavior during building fires with computer simulation.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.155-160
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• 2001

When caught in a fire inside a building or a tunnel the generated smoke is the main cause of the bad visibility, which makes difficult for a person to find escape route. Therefore it is required to visualize the simulated results of smoke realistically from a viewpoint of a person caught in a fire. In the present study, demonstrated is a CFD post-processor which can visualize the objects through smoke from the results of CFD fire simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.293-294
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• 2006

This paper aims to simulate by FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator) the distributions of temperature and smoke on fires in accommodations on boards. The paper focuses on analysis of temperature at fire occurrence and soot density. The purpose of this study is to predict the possibility of safe escape and efficient fire extinguishing method using fire simulation results.