• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.2885-2890
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• 2011

Simulation study were performed for fire location effect on the smoke spread in the deeply-underground subway station(DUSS). In this research, Shingumho station (The line # 5, Depth: 46m) has been selected as case-study for the analysis of smoke-spread effect with the different fire location. Field test data measured for actual fan in DUSS was applied as a condition of a simulation. The whole station was covered in this analysis and 4 million grids were generated for this simulation. The fire driven flow was analyzed case by case to compare the smoke-spread effect according to the fire location. In order to enhance the efficiency of calculation, parallel processing by MPI was employed and LES(large eddy simulation) method in FDS code was adopted.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1773-1780
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• 2008

When the fire occur in the deeply underground subway station, the difficulties of passenger evacuation are expected because of many stairs to the exit. In this study, SOONGSIL-University station (7 line, 47m depth) is the one of the deepest subway stations of the each line in the Seoul metro. The numerical computational-simulation was performed for the fire driven flow in the subway station. Hot and smoke flow was analyzed from the simulation results. The proper plan of evacuation against fire was considered through the results. The fire driven flow was simulated using FDS code in which LES method was applied. The Heat Release Rate was 10MW and the ultrafast model was applied for the growing model of the fire source. The proper mesh size was determined from the characteristic length of fire size. The parallel computational method was employed to compute the flow and heat eqn's in the meshes, which are about 10,000,000, with 6cpu of the linux clustering machine.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.50-55
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• 2008

The comparative analysis of fire-driven flow simulation for Dae-Gu subway station was performed using FDS and Fluent. The boundary condition was obtained from analyzed data for Dae-Gu subway fire accident which had been outbreaked in 2003 year. The smoke flow in the second and third basement has been analyzed. The CO and temperature distribution in the train units and station platform have been obtained with FDS and FLUENT and compared with each other. Total simulation time is 600s and the results are compared of each 10sec The analyzed data will be applied to the passenger evacuation simulation for Dae-Gu subway station and used to optimal design method.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.1337-1345
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• 2007

The present study is a basic investigation for systematically proceeding disaster prevention studying the effect of platform screen door in case of fire at the subway station. In the paper, the characteristics of screen door were surveyed and described. The fully closed platform screen door and the island type of subway station were employed for simulation-study. Numerical simulations of fire driven flow at the subway station with platform screen door were performed with commercial fire CFD code. For analyzing of the effect of platform screen door, the fire simulations with and without the platform screen door were compared. For the fire location, the one is located on the platform and the other case on the railway. The Ultrafast model was taken as fire growth scenario. The maximum heat release rate was 10MW. The propagated time of the heat and smoke to stairs was within 4 minute when the fire is located on the platform. However the heat and smoke propagation was block off by screen door when the fire is located on the railway.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1781-1788
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• 2008

This report is the result of a basic experiment done on a mock-up tunnel, of what happens to the ventilated flow and fire driven flow inside a railway tunnel as the current inside the tunnel changes when an anti-smoke or a radio frequency invert control is installed. The duct used in this experiment is 10m in length, 0.5m in height and 0.25m in width and made of acrylic. An anti-smoke system with a motor that can produce current of 10m/sec maximum in order to create ventilated flow, has been installed. A honeycomb has been installed at the entrance of the duct to create a current flow that exists in tunnels. In order to create a ventilated flow, a current of 4m/s, 6m/s and 8m/s were generated using the anti-smoke system, as the study of current developed. A Hot-wire(TSI) and Pressure sensor(ENDEVCO) was installed in the duct, 1m apart, as the measurement of current and pressure went on. The current and pressure were automatically measured through the Lap View program and PC; the current flow in the mock-up tunnel generated by the honeycomb has been analyzed the pressure distribution and pressure drop has been analyzed.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.7-13
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• 2011

Simulation study were performed for ventilation capability effect on the smoke spread in the deeply-underground subway station(DUSS). Singeumho station(The line # 5, Depth: 46m) was modeled and were analyzed for smoke-spread speed difference between the originally-designed-ventilation-capacity and the measured-ventilation-capacity. Field test data for actual fan in DUSS was applied as a boundary condition of a simulation. The whole station was covered in this analysis and total of 4 million grids were generated for this simulation. The fire-driven flow was analyzed case by case to compare the smoke-spread effects. In order to enhance the efficiency of calculation, parallel processing by MPI was employed and large eddy simulation method in FDS code was adopted.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.110-116
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• 2009

This study is related with fire risk assessment for fire and smoke spread of double skin facade system by use of FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) which is a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of fire-driven fluid flow. For the study, fire scenario is intended to evaluate the impact of a fire spread for glazed office building. The major purpose of this study is to analyze the fire risk depending on the width of between inner skin and outer skin and to present fire prevention method regarding double skin facade system. The result of analysis presents fire spread more vertically as intermediate space becomes narrow. It is anticipated that fire can spread upper 2 stories above the fire floor if intermediate space with not more than 1m width. Therefore, prevention of vertical fire spread is required.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.95-100
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• 2008

The simulation analysis of fire-driven flow and passenger evacuation in Daegu subway station, Chung-Ang, have been performed. The first location of outbreak of fire is inside passenger car in the third basement in Chung-Aug station, The smoke flow in the second and third basement has been analyzed using FLUENT 6.2. The CO (carbon monoxide) and temperature distribution in the train units and station platform have been obtained and transferred to input data for evacuation simulation. The highest temperature in the train units was 1500k. For the simulation of passenger evacuation, EXODUS has been used for whole basements (level 1${\sim}$level 3) in the station. Total number of people was assumed to be one thousand and 640 were placed inside train and 360 were placed outside train. In evacuation simulation, an average of 135 passengers were killed and an average time to evacuate takes 10min 19sec. The main evacuation routes used by passengers were investigated and the cause of death was identified by evacuation simulation.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.1346-1353
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• 2007

The simulation analysis of fire-driven flow and passenger evacuation in Daegu subway station, Chung-Ang, have been performed. The first location of outbreak of fire is inside passenger car in the third basement in Chung-Ang station. The smoke flow in the second and third basement has been analyzed using FLUENT 6.2. The CO(carbon monoxide) and temperature distribution in the train units and station platform have been obtained and transferred to input data for evacuation simulation. The highest temperature in the train units was 1500K. For the simulation of passenger evacuation, EXODUS has been used for whole basements (level 1${\sim}$ level 3) in the station. Total number of people was assumed to be one thousand and 640 were placed inside train and 360 were placed outside train. In evacuation simulation, an average of 135 passengers were killed and an average time to evacuate takes 10min 19sec. The main evacuation routes used by passengers were investigated and the cause of death was identified by evacuation simulation.