• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2015

2-Ethylhexanoic acid는 플라스틱의 충격보강제를 제조하는 물질로서 공정 중에 폭발위험성을 고찰하기 위하여 산소농도 변화에 따른 폭발범위, 폭발압력, 최대폭발압력상승속도를 실험한 결과 실험온도 $100^{\circ}C$에서, 산소농도 40~70%에서 폭발하한농도 3.2%를 구하였으며, 산소농도 21%에서 폭발하한 농도는 4.0%, 폭발상한 농도는 4.5%를 구하였다. 또한, 2-ethylhexanoic acid의 폭발압력은 산소농도 70%에서 1.4161 MPa의 최대폭발압력을 나타내었으며, 최대폭발압력상승속도를 구한 결과 산소농도 70%에서 62.692MPa/s를 구하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2024

Static-electricity-induced fires and explosions persistently occur every year, averaging approximately 80 and 20 cases annually according to fire statistics provided by the National Fire Agency and industrial accident statistics provided by the Ministry of Employment and Labor, respectively. Despite the relatively low probabilities of these accidents, their potential risks are high. Consequently, effective risk assessment methodologies and accident investigation strategies are essential for efficiently managing static-electricity hazards in fire- and explosion-prone areas. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the causal variables essential for accident investigations, thereby facilitating risk assessments and the implementation of effective recurrence prevention measures to mitigate static-electricity hazards in fire-and explosion-prone regions. To this end, industrial accident statistics recorded over the past decade (2012 to 2021) by the Ministry of Employment and Labor were analyzed to identify major fire and explosion incidents and related industrial accidents wherein static electricity was identified as a potential ignition source. Subsequently, relevant investigation reports (63 cases) were thoroughly analyzed. Based on the results of this analysis, existing electrostatic fire and explosion risk assessment techniques were refined and augmented. Moreover, factors essential for investigating electrostatic fire and explosion disasters were delineated, and the primary causal variables necessary for effective risk assessments and scientific investigations were derived.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.150-154
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• 2004

실린더형의 내용적 6리터의 용기를 이용하여 수소와 액화석유 가스(LPG)의 폭발 특성을 측정하였고 270리터의 직육면체 용기를 이용하여 폭발 후 화재로의 전이 현상을 실험하였다. 폭발 특성은 strain type 압력센서를 사용하여 측정하였으며 폭발 후 화재로의 전이 현상은 고속카메라로 촬영하여 분석하였다. 실험 결과 완전 연소 농도 비보다 약간 높은 농도에서 최대 폭발압력을 나타내었다. 폭발압력 상승 속도와 화염 전파속도는 연소속도와 비례함을 알 수 있었으며 이러한 폭발 특성들은 폭발 후 화재로의 전이에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 또한 폭발 화염온도, 화염의 용기 내 체류시간 등도 폭발 후 화재로의 전이에 중요한 변수가 됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2010

화학공정에서의 안전하고 최적화된 조작과 내재되어 있는 화재 및 폭발 위험성 평가를 위해서 연소 특성치를 알아야 한다. 폭발한계는 가연성물질의 화재 및 폭발위험성을 결정하는데 주요한 특성치 가운데 하나이다. 본 연구에서, 에스테르류의 폭발하한계와 상한계에 대해 연소열을 이용하여 예측하였다. 제시된 예측식에 의한 예측값은 문헌값과 적은 오차범위에서 일치하였다. 제시된 방법론을 사용하여 다른 가연성 에스테르류의 폭발한계 예측이 가능해졌다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2017

이 논문에서는 운전자(남)와 동승자(여)가 탑승하여 하천 둔치의 공원에 정차 중 차실 내에서 폭발사고가 발생한 승용차에 대해 폭발사고 원인을 분석하였다. 폭발사고가 발생한 직후 운전자와 동승자가 화상을 입고 119구급대에 의해 병원에 이송될 때는 119구급대원에게 시너를 뿌려놓은 상태에서 운전자와 동승자가 다투는 중에 폭발사고가 발생하였다고 진술하였는데, 며칠 경과한 후부터 운전자와 동승자는 플라스틱 병 속에 들어 있던 휘발유가 엎질러져 시거 잭으로 흘러들어가서 시거 잭을 빼려다가 시거 잭을 실수로 눌러서 폭발사고가 발생하였다고 주장하였다. 실수로 인해 폭발사고가 발생하였다면 자동차보험금을 지급받을 수 있고 고의에 의해 폭발사고가 발생하였다면 보험금 지급이 안되므로 폭발사고의 원인이 고의에 의한 것인가 실수에 의한 것인지가 쟁점이 되었다. 폭발한 승용차에 대한 구체적인 조사 분석과 운전자 및 동승자의 진술에 대한 화재과학적 분석을 통해 이 자동차 폭발사고는 운전자의 고의에 의해 발생한 것임을 입증하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2023

When a fire accident accompanied by an explosion occurs, the surrounding firewalls are affected by impact and thermal loads. Damaged firewalls due to accidental loads may not fully perform their essential function. Therefore, this paper proposes an advanced methodology for evaluating the fire resistance performance of firewalls damaged by explosions. The fragments were assumed to be scattered, and fire occurred as a vehicle exploded in a large compartment of a roll-on/roll-off (RO-RO) vessel. The impact velocity of the fragments was calculated based on the TNT equivalent mass corresponding to the explosion pressure. Damage and thermal-structural response analyses of the firewall were performed using Ansys LS-DYNA code. The fire resistance reduction was analyzed in terms of the temperature difference between fire-exposed and unexposed surfaces, temperature increase rate, and reference temperature arrival time. The degree of damage and the fire resistance performance of the firewalls varied significantly depending on impact loads. When naval ships and RO-RO vessels that carry various explosive substances are designed, it is reasonable to predict that the fire resistance performance will be degraded according to the explosion characteristics of the cargo.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.107-113
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• 1993

Small rectangular explosion chamber of its size 25cmX25cmX32cm with a circular bursting diaphram at the top was used to study the mechanism of gas explosion to fire transition phenomena, the process of ignition of solid combustibles during a gas explosion. To visulize the explosion to fire transition phenomena, transparent acryl window and high speed camera system were used. The test piece of solid combustible in this experiments was a 5cm$\times$5cm square sheet of newspaper which was placed in the explosion chamber filled with a LPG-air mixture. The mixture was ignited by an electric spark at the center of the chamber. Explosion to fire transition phenomena and the behavior of out flow and in flow of gas through the opening yielded by bursting the diaphram was visualized with shlieren system and without shlieren system. Diameter of a bursting dlaphram at the top of the explosion chamber was varied 5cm, 10cm, and 15cm, and the position of test piece were varied with 6 point. Explosion pressure was measured with strain type pressure transducer, and the weight difference of the test piece before and after each experimental run was measured. By comparing the weight difference of solid combustibles before and after the experiment and the behavior of out flow and inflow of gas after explosion, it was found that the possibility of ignition was depends on the LPG-air mixture concentration and the exposure period of test piece to the burnt gas. Test result of this experiments it was found that the main factor of this phenomena are that heat transfer to the test piece, and the pyrolysis reaction of test piece. Based on the results, the mechanism of the explosion to fire transition phenomena were inferred ; gas explosion- heat transfer to solid combustibiles ; pyrolysis reaction of solid combutibles : air inflow ; mixing of the pyroly gas with air ignition.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2005

화학공정에서의 안전하고 최적화된 조작과 내재되어 있는 화재 및 폭발 위험성 평가를 위해서 연소 특성치를 알아야 한다. 폭발한계는 가연성물질의 화재 및 폭발위험성을 결정하는데 주요한 특성치 가운데 하나이다 본 연구에서, 알코올류의 폭발한계에 대해 용액론을 근거로 표준끓는점과 인화점을 이용하여 예측하였다. 제시된 예측식에 의한 예측값은 문헌값과 적은 오차범위에서 일치하였다. 제시된 방법론을 사용하여 다른 가연성 물질의 폭발한계 예측이 가능해졌다.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

Fire and explosion analysis are performed for the quantitative risk assessment on the LNG test plant. From the analysis for a case of fire due to large leakage of LNG from the tank, it is obtained that loss of lives can be occurred within the radius of 60 m from the fire origin. Specially, wind can extend the extent of damage. Because the LNG test plant is not enclosed, the explosion overpressure is less than 6 kPa and the explosion has little effect on the integrity of the LNG test plant.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.58-63
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• 1993

Recently, a large amount of flammable or explosive materials have been handled or stored in chemical industries. H the equipments fail or the materials release in consequence of operation errors, fire and explosion could occur to them. Thus, risk assessment using quantification of risks is very important when design of processes and modifications of installed processes are performed. The purpose of this study is to develop the program for fire and explosion index in order to quantify the expected damage of fire and explosion incidents in chemical plants, to identify equipment that would be likely to contribute to the creation or escalation of an incident, to comunicate the potential fire and explosion risk to management and to account of damage cost.