• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2002

최근 국내·외에서 지하철 공사현장 가스폭발, 지하 공동구 화재, 지하가 화재 폭발 등 지하공간에서의 사고가 다수 발생하고 있다. 이러한 사고는 재산의 손실 뿐 아니라 전력, 통신망 마비로 도시 기능을 무력화시키고, 인명 피해의 대형화를 동반함으로서 도시민의 안전을 위협하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지하공간이 잠재적으로 갖고 있는 연소확대 위험성을 확률을 이용하여 평균 연소손실면적 예측치를 산출하고, 화재시 화재확산 경로 및 피해 크기를 산출하여 각 방재 대책의 효과를 상대적으로 비교 평가할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하고자 한다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2008년도 International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.3-5
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• 2008

An increase in oil and gas plants caused by development of process industry have brought into the increase in use of flammable and toxic materials in the complex process under high temperature and pressure. There is always possibility of fire and explosion of dangerous chemicals, which exist as raw materials, intermediates, and finished goods whether used or stored in the industrial plants. Since there is the need of efforts on disaster damage reduction or mitigation process, we have been conducting a research to relate explosion model on the background of real 3D terrain model. By predicting the extent of damage caused by recent disasters, we will be able to improve efficiency of recovery and, sure, to take preventive measure and emergency counterplan in response to unprepared disaster. For disaster damage prediction, it is general to conduct quantitative risk assessment, using engineering model for environmental description of the target area. There are different engineering models, according to type of disaster, to be used for industry disaster such as UVCE (Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion), BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Evaporation Vapour Explosion), Fireball and so on, among them, we estimate explosion damage through UVCE model which is used in the event of explosion of high frequency and severe damage. When flammable gas in a tank is released to the air, firing it brings about explosion, then we can assess the effect of explosion. As 3D terrain information data is utilized to predict and estimate the extent of damage for each human and material. 3D terrain data with synthetic environment (SEDRIS) gives us more accurate damage prediction for industrial disaster and this research will show appropriate prediction results.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.499-504
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• 2019

Due to the rapid spread and low minimum ignition energy of hydrogen, rupture is highly likely to cause fire, explosion and major accidents. The self-ignition of high-pressure hydrogen is highly likely to ignite immediately when it leaks from an open space, resulting in jet fire. Results of the diffusion and leakage simulation show that jet effect occurs from the leakage source to a certain distance. And at the end of location, the vapor cloud explosion can be occurred due to the formation of hydrogen vapor clouds by built-up. In the result, it is important that depending on the time of ignition, a jet fire or a vapor cloud explosion may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account jet effect by location of leakage source and establish a damage minimizing plan for the possible jet fire or vapor cloud explosion. And it is required to any kind of measurements such as an interlock system to prevent hydrogen leakage or minimize the amount of leakage when detecting leakage of gas.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2019

The flammable liquid conductivity is an important factor in determining the generation of electrostatic in fire and explosion hazardous areas, so it is necessary to study the physical properties of flammable liquids. In particular, the relevant liquid conductivity in the process of handling flammable liquids in relation to the risk assessment and risk control in fire and explosion hazard areas, such as chemical plants, is classified as a main evaluation item according to the IEC standard, and it is necessary to have flammable liquid conductivity measuring devices and related data are required depending on the handling conditions of the material, such as temperature and mixing ratio for preventing the fire and explosion related to electrostatic. In addition, IEC 60079-32-2 [Explosive Atmospheres-Part 32-2 (Electrostatic hazards-Tests)] refers to the measuring device standard and the conductivity of a single substance. It was concluded that there is no measurement data according to the handling conditions such as mixing ratio of flammable liquid and temperature together with the use and measurement examples. We have developed the measurement reliability by improving the structure, material and measurement method of measuring device by referring to the IEC standard. We have developed a measurement device that is developed and manufactured by itself. The test results of flammable liquid conductivity measurement and the data of the NFPA 77 (Recommended Practice on Static Electricity) Annex B Table B.2 Static Electric Characteristic of Liquids were compared and verified by conducting the conductivity measurement of the flammable liquid handled in the fire and explosion hazardous place by using Measuring / Data Acquisition / Processing / PC Communication. It will contribute to the prevention of static electricity related disaster by taking preliminary measures for fire and explosion prevention by providing technical guidance for static electricity risk assessment and risk control through flammable liquid conductivity measurement experiment. In addition, based on the experimental results, it is possible to create a big data base by constructing electrostatic physical characteristic data of flammable liquids by process and material. Also, it is analyzed that it will contribute to the foundation composition for adding the specific information of conductivity of flammable liquid to the physical and chemical characteristics of MSDS.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2021

In general, the industrial complex is a place where factories of various industries are concentrated. It is only as efficient as it is designed. However, the risks vary as there are various industries. These features are also associated with various types of disasters. The dangers of natural disasters such as a typhoon, flood, and earthquake, as well as fire and explosions, are also latent. Many of these risks can make stable production and business activities difficult, resulting in massive direct and indirect damage. In particular, decades after its establishment, the vulnerabilities increase even more as aging and small businesses are considered. In this sense, it is significant to assess the vulnerability of the industrial complex. Thus analysing fire and explosion hazards as stage 1 of the vulnerability evaluation for the major potential disasters for the industrial complex. First, fire vulnerabilities were analyzed quantitatively. It is displayed in blocks for each company. The assessment block status and the fire vulnerability rating status were conducted by applying the five-step criteria. Level A is the highest potential risk step and E is the lowest step. Level A was 11.8% in 20 blocks, level B was 22.5% in 38 blocks, level C was 25.4% in 43 blocks, level D was 26.0% in 44 blocks, and level E was 14.2% in 24 blocks. Levels A and B with high fire vulnerabilities were analyzed at 34.3%. Secondly, the vulnerability for an explosion was quantitatively analyzed. Explosive vulnerabilities were analyzed at 4.7% for level A with 8 blocks, 3.0% for level B with 5, 1.8% for level C with 3, 4.7% for level D with 8, and 85.8% for level E with 145. Levels A and B, which are highly vulnerable to explosions, were 7.7 %. Thirdly, the overall vulnerability can be assessed by adding disaster vulnerabilities to make future assessments. Moreover, it can also assist in efficient safety and disaster management by visually mapping quantified data. This will also be used for the integrated control center of the N-Industrial Complex, which is currently being installed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.114-117
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• 2024

A lithium-ion battery is a rechargeable battery that uses the reversible reduction of lithium ions to store energy and is the predominant battery type in many industrial and consumer electronics. The lithium-ion batteries are essential to ensure they operate safely. We conducted an exposure assessment five days after a fire in a battery-testing facility. We assessed some of the potentially hazardous materials after a lithium-ion battery fire.We sampled total suspended particles, hydrogen fluoride, and lithium with real-time monitoring of particulate matter (PM) 1, 2.5, and 10 micrometers (㎛). The area sampling results indicated that primary potential hazardous materials such as dust, hydrogen fluoride, and lithium were below the recommended limits suggested by the Korean Ministry of Labor and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Values. Based on our assessment, workers were allowed to return to work.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2002

최근 국내외에서 지하철 공사현장 가스폭발, 지하 공동구 화재, 지하가 화재 폭발 등 지하공간에서의 사고가 다수 발생하고 있다. 이러한 사고는 재산의 손실 뿐 아니라 전력, 통신망 마비로 도시기능을 무력화시키고, 인명 피해의 대형화를 동반함으로서 도시민의 안전을 위협하고 있다. 따라서 지하공간 중 지하가의 사고 사례와 문헌 연구 및 실태를 조사, 검토하고, 운영 관리 단계에서 위험 요인을 도출하여 안전대책의 평가요소 및 화재예방평가 시스템을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 1993

본 연구는 석유/화학공장에서의 위험성 평가에 관한 것으로써, 특히 물질과 공정의 위험에 관한 상대적 평가를 수행할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 즉, 물질의 위험과, 공정이 내포하고 있는 위험을 각각 고려하여 이를 종합화하였으며, 최종적으로 화재, 폭발 지수를 산정하였다. 물질계수는 인화성과 반응성으로 산정하였고, 공정 지수는 penalty라 부르는 경험적 수치를 사용하였다. 이 F&EI는 전 공정에 적용하여 위험의 상대적 평가를 실시할 수 있으며 현장에서의 직접 적용도 가능하다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2015

Gas leakage and dispersion in the underground LNG power plant can lead to serious fire and explosion accident. In this study, computational fluid dynamics simulation was applied to model the dynamic process of gas leakage and dispersion phenomena in a closed space. To analyze the risk assessment factor, such as the flammable volume ratio, transient simulations were carried out for different scenarios. The simulation results visualized the gas distribution with time in the closed space. The flammable volume ratio was introduced for quantitative analysis the fire/explosion probability.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2005

미국, 유럽 등의 대형 화학회사들은 효율적인 위험관리를 위해 단계적 위험성평가 전략을 채택하고 있다. HAZOP이나 정량적위험성평가와 같은 상세한 평가를 수행하기 위한 사전단계로서 위험선별(risk screening)기법을 도입하였다. 본 연구에서는 Khan과 Abbasi가 제안한 위험선별방법인 화재폭발손실지수 법(Fire & Explosion Damage Index, FEDI)을 국내의 BTX플랜트에 적용시켜 보았다. 적용결과를 정량적위험성평가의 결과와 비교해 본 결과, 화재폭발손실지수법이 위험잠재성을 파악하는데 효과적으로 사용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 화재폭발손실지수 법에 대한 민감도분석을 수행함으로써 화재 및 폭발에 영향을 미치는 가장 큰 인자는 설비내 물질의 특성과 양(quantity)임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 하여 HAZOP의 사전단계로서 화재폭발손실지수 법을 적용한다면 보다 효율적인 위험성 평가가 가능할 것이다.