• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.1 s.65
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• pp.69-73
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• 2007

In this research, an environmental-friendly foam extinguisher was newly developed using a natural surfactant as its composition. Two criteria were applied to verify its extinguishing performance and environmental attraction. One is unit 2 model by "Standards of Model Approval and Inspection Technology for Portable Fire Extinguishers" presented in Korea Fire Equipment Inspection Corporation. The other is Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test and Fish, Acute Toxicity Test presented in Korea Institute of Toxicology(Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology). Test results showed that the extinguishing performance was 5 unit of general fire Class A, the $LC_{50}$ by germination was 75(g/kg) and the $EC_{50}$ by growth was 62(g/kg) through Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test, and also the toxicity was 6658 ppm in Fish, Acute Toxicity Test. The numerical values were highly evaluated than other fire extinguishing agents being commercialized in domestic. The results also showed suitably in basic physical properties and anti-corrosion properties for making use of fire extinguishing agent.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.57-68
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• 2018

This paper presents a smart firefighting appliances monitoring system based on big data analytics platform using GS1 for Smart City. Typical firefighting appliances are fire hydrant, fire extinguisher, fire alarm, sprinkler, fire engine, etc. for the fire of classes A/B/C/D/E. Among them, the dry chemical fire extinguisher have been widely supplied and 6 millions ones were replaced for the aging ones over 10 years in the past year. However, only 5% of them have been collected for recycling of chemical materials included the heavy metals of environment pollution. Therefore, we considered the trace of firefighting appliances from production to disposal for the public open service. In the paper, we suggest 1) a smart firefighting appliances system using GS1, 2) a big data analytics platform and 3) a public open service and visualization with the analyzed information, for fire extinguishers from production to disposal. It can give the information and the visualized diagrams with the analyzed data through the public open service and the free Apps.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.64-69
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• 2003

Low story apartments and housings with manual fire extinguishers are very susceptible to fro damages, when people are absent or there are old and weak peoples. To reduce such fire damages, automatic fire suppression at the early stage is very important, and thus automatic and cost-effec-tiye fire extinguisher was developed. This study revealed that the reaction temperature and response time are greatly influenced by the small thickness variation of the detective parts and heating rates. The influence of the thickness of the detective parts was shown significant when the heating rate was low, The reduction in the thickness could lower the response time to 40seconds.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.598-605
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• 1997

In recent years, the number of vehicle fires, as well as the number of motor vehicles, has been increasing rapidly. Therefore, several types of automatic fire suppression systems for the engine compartment of automobiles have been developed to extinguish automobile fires, and most of these systems use halon 1301 as a fire extinguishing agent. Due to environmental concerns, the phase-out of halons has been announced, so now there is a need to replace halon 1301. For this, a 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptaflouropropane (HFC-227ea, FM-$200^{TM}$) gas-filled Aqueous Film- Forming foam (known as AFFF) extinguisher was devised even though air foam extinguishers could be used. This is because the air in the foam bubbles is a source of oxygen required for the combustion reaction. It can be surmised that it is possible to increase the fire extinguishing efficiency of AFFF by filling in foam bubbles with a gaseous extinguishing agent. The best choice is the FM-$200^{TM}$ gas-filled AFFF, Which has the maximum expansion ratio of 62:1. This makes it possible for the expanded foam to rapidly fill the engine compartment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.97-99
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• 1998

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.229-236
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• 2022

Based on the Internet of Things, a web system that can check the condition around the fire extinguisher, whether a fire has occurred, and an application that can receive fire notifications in real time is implemented. Minimize errors that occur during development by using software engineering to clarify the goals of the system and define the structure in detail. In addition, for IoT-based fire extinguishers, a method of reducing defects by finding product defects in the demand analysis, design, and implementation stages and analyzing the cause thereof is proposed. Through the proposed research, it is possible to secure the reliability of defect management for IoT-based smart fire extinguisher.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.3-13
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• 1990

Fire Protection System is facilities that Control the fire by mechanic means. Buildings Over a Certain Scale is required this system. As the small from the fire extinguisher as the large to the sprinkler system of automatic fire extinguishing equipment the kinds are various. With the development of architecture technique while modern higher buildings are increased. As fire is a first product that human make, it performed many profits and services for our mankind. Sometimes as it is profitable fire or harmful fire, it takes charge of human's life culture. Therefore fire protection system is facilities that control the ]after fire by mechanic means Building over a certain scale is required this system. As the small from the fire extinguisher as the large to the sprinkler system of automatic fire extinguishing equipment, the kinds are various. With the development of architecture technique while modern Higher buildings are increased high level and fire prevent facilities aren't reached to that level. The object of this study is present the problem which appear from the analysis of place standard for fire protection facility. This study described as a following order. First. We are going to look history of the fire protection system and change course of that with the year and facility. Second, We say the frame system and special nature of the foreign fire prevent Act. Third. We understand the control reality of fire protection system. Fourth. We took out the merit of foreign fire prevent law and the problem of our current domestic system. The placing standard of proper fire protection facilities that be presented from this study are followed next. 1) We have reinforce sprinkler system placing standard for the fire extinguishing and check the spread of fire. 2) We must to be ruled the standard for keeping fire prevention system that are received reality and people's idea. 3) We should prepare lawful basis which can be place fire prevention center. 4) We have to correct the standard of use about complex building without mainuse and we take increase the real effectiveness of this. 5) We ought to match the use of current fire prevention act and the use of architecture law.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 1991

Fire Protection System is facilities that Control the fire by mechanic means. Buildings Over a Certain Scale is required this system. As the small from the fire extinguisher as the large to the sprinkler system of automatic fire extinguishing equipment the kinds are various. With the development of architecture technique while modern higher buildings are increased. As fire is a first product that human make, it performed many profits and services for our mankind. Sometimes as it Is profitable fire or harmful fire, it takes charge of human's life culture. Therefore fire protection system is facilities that control the latter fire by mechanic means Building over a certain scale is required this system. As the small from the fire extinguisher as the large to the sprinkler system of automatic fire extinguishing equipment, the kinds are various. With the development of architecture technique while modern higher buildings are increased high level and fire prevent facilities aren't reached to that level. The object of this study is present the problem which appear from the analysis of place standard for fire protection facility. This study described as a following order. First, We are going to look history of the fire protection system and change course of that with the year and facility. Second. We say the frame system and special nature of the foreign fire prevent Act. Third. We understand the control reality of fire protection system. Fourth. We took out the merit of foreign fire prevent law and the problem of our current domestic system. The placing standard of proper fire protection facilities that be presented from this study are followed next. 1) We have to reinforce sprinkler system placing standard for the fire extinguishing and check the spread of fire. 2) We must to be ruled the standard for keeping fire prevention system that are received reality and people's idea. 3) We should prepare lawful basis which can be place fire prevention center. 4) We have to correct the standard of use count about complex building without mainuse and we take increase the real effectiveness of this. 5) We ought to match the use of current fire prevention act and the use of architecture law.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.62-65
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• 2018

The rapid progress toward the 4th industrial society has led to possibilities of fire increase. It is pointed out that, though initial fire suppression is emphasized, the current legal systems do not sufficiently recognize the importance of initial fire suppression. In order to resolve this, problems of the current legal systems and regulations, as well as fire-fighting facilities to be equipped according to the size of specific fire-fighting objects, were diagnosed. Also, suggestions for improvement were provided through comparative analysis with relevant laws and technical regulations of Korea and other countries. According to fire safety standards such as NFPA, IMO, ISO, and Russian standards, automatic fire extinguishers are to be installed as per the adaptability criteria of fire extinguishers and automatic fire extinguishers. In Korea, the "Act on Fire Prevention and Installation, Maintenance, and Safety Control of Fire-fighting Systems" cover the types and scope of fire fighting facilities that include specific fire protection objects, such as electric room, power room, and substation room. This study has identified that, in case of a place with a floor area of less than $300m^2$, the installation requirement is not clearly specified. Therefore, in this study, fire extinguishing equipment and automatic fire extinguishing equipment to be added for each sub-use application are proved to have fire extinguishing performance of Class A, Class B, and Class C, respectively. In view of the fact that, in overseas standards, all space except containing such materials as Deep fire, metal fire and peroxide, can be installed with fire fighting equipment, a legal system for specifying the capacity units of fire fighting apparatus by application is, in this study, proposed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.134-139
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• 2010

According to the "Yearbook of disaster response, fire safety and fire statistics (NEMA: National Emergency Management Agency)", approximately 34% of all fire is interior fire such as hotel, restaurant and residence and more than 53% of which is occurring in the kitchen. The evaluation of fire extinguishing system in the kitchen is performed in accordance with the "Korea Fire Equipment Inspection Standard (KOFEIS 0101-1)" which is using one environmental condition. However, only using one environmental condition is not enough to evaluate the performance of the automatic fire extinguisher in kitchen fire. So the study of fire detecting characteristic about various environmental condition needs. In this study, the numerical analysis is carried out about detecting time characteristic for various range's surrounding environment. As a result, it showed up to 100 s difference in the detection time depending on the position of the range. And detecting time also showed difference for on-off hood operation. From this results, it can be verify and improve the evaluation standard for the fire extinguishing system in kitchen fire.