• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2001

The hear transfer mechanism initiating the friction welding is examined and a transient three dimensional heat conduc-tion model for the welding of two dissimilar cylindrical metal bars is investigated. The cylindrical metal bars are made of materials made of A2024 and SM 45C. Numerical simulations of heat flow are performed using the finite volume method. Respectively. Commercial FLUENT code is used in the heat flow simulation and maximum temperature and distribution of temperature are calculated. Temperature of friction welded joining face is compared with the temperature distribution measured by experiment and numerical simulation. The maximum temperature of friction welded joining face is lower than melting point of A2024-T6 aluminum alloy using insert metal. The temperature distribution of friction welded join- ing face with insert metal is more uniform than that of without inset metal.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.906-908
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• 2003

A Linear induction electromagnetic(EM) pump of liquid metal fast breeder reactor(LMFBR) is used for the purpose that the liquid metal of high temperature is transported by EM force. This paper evaluates magnetic flux density necessary for transporting liquid metal, using analytical model of the linear induction EM pump. Using the 2-D finite element method(2-D FEM), magnetic flux density is estimated in consideration of a geometric model, electric parameter, and velocity of liquid metal. From the viewpoint of hydrodynamics, the results can be used for flow analysis of the liquid metal.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.137-148
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• 2012

가압경수로의 많은 관통관 중에서 니켈 기저 합금인 Inconel alloy 600 계열의 이종금속용접부는 일차수응력부식균열에 민감하며, 이를 평가하기 위하여 용접부에 작용하는 잔류응력분포를 정확히 예측하는 것이 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 유한요소해석을 이용하여 노즐 맞대기 이종금속용접부에 작용하는 일반적인 잔류응력분포를 예측하였다. 이를 위해 노즐 맞대기 이종금속용접부의 형상을 단순화하여 특정한 형상 변수에 따른 용접부 잔류응력분포를 확인하였으며, 이를 토대로 기존 문헌에 제시된 오스테나이트계 배관 맞대기 용접부 잔류응력 분포식을 수정하여 가압경수로 노즐 맞대기 이종금속용접부에 작용하는 일반적인 잔류응력분포 예측식을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2008

Use of sheet metal structure is increased in various fields such as automobile, aerospace and communication equipment industry. When this structure is welded, welding distortion is generated due to the non-uniformity of temperature distribution. Recently welding distortion becomes a matter of great importance in the structure manufacture industry because it deteriorates the product's quality by bringing about shape error. Accordingly many studies for solving the problems by controlling the welding distortion are being performed. However, it is difficult to remove all kinds of distortion by welding process, though various kinds of methods for reducing distortion are applied to production. Consequently, straightening process is operated if the high precision quality is requested after welding. The local heating method induces compression plastic deformation by thermal expansion in the heating stage and then leaves constriction of length direction in the cooling stage. Accordingly, in the case of sheet metal structure, straightening effect is expected by heating for the part of distortion. This study includes numerical analysis of straightening effect by the local heating method in distortion comes from production of welded sheet metal structure. Particularly straightening effect followed by dimensions of heating area is analyzed according to the numerical analysis. The numerical analysis is performed by constructing 3-dimensional finite element model for 0.4mm stainless steel-sheet metal. Results of this study confirm that straightening effect changes as heating area increases and the optimum value of heating area that proves the maximum straightening effect exists.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1996

In the finite element analysis of metal forming processes the updated Lagrangian approach has been widely and effectively used to simulate the non-steady state problems. however some difficulties have arisen from abrupt flow change as in extrusion through square dies. In the present work an ALE(arbitrary Lagrangian-Euleria) finite element formulation for deforma-tion analysis are presented fro rigid-viscoplastic materials. The developed finite element program is applied to the isothermal analysis of square die extrusion of a square section. The computational results are compared with those by the updated Lagrangian finite element analysis.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.552-556
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• 1997

The Direct Metal Prototyping(DMP), one of the rapid prototyping technologies, allows the manufacturing of three-dimensional metallic parts using metal powders directly from the CAD data. Laser power and scanning speed are the most important variables of the process. The objective of this study is to obtain the design data for laser power and scanning speed to bond metal powders effectively using the finite element method. To obtain the design values, a numerical analysis considering two-dimensional heat transfer during the sintering of metal powder layers of the process was performed. The laser beam has been modeled to have directionality in its heat flux distribution, i. e., in the scanning direction a Gaussian beam mode distribution has been assumed and in the thickness direction a square beam mode distribution. The three-dimensional irregular distribution of metal powders of the powder layer is idealized as two-dimensional distribution in which metal powders are located regularly and periodically on the plate. In this study the design values of laser power vs scanning speed have been obtained. Temperature distribution and temperature variation of the powder layers with respect to time have been predicted. The commputed dsign data will be useful in determining the initial conditions of the process.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2000

This study is concerned with the experimental test and numerical analysis of the heat transfer and solidification of the molten metal pool with overlying coolant with boiling. In the test, the metal pool is heated from the bottom surface and coolant is injected onto the molten metal pool. Experiments were performed by changing the test section bottom surface temperature of the metal layer and the coolant injection rate. The two-phase boiling coolant experimental results are compared against the dry test data without coolant or solidification of the molten metal pool, and against the crust formation experiment with subcooled coolant. Also, a numerical analysis is performed to check on the measured data. The numerical program is developed using the enthalpy method, the finite volume method and the SIMPLER algorithm. The experimental results of the heat transfer show general agreement with the calculated values. The present empirical test and numerical results of the heat transfer on the molten metal pool are apparently higher than those without coolant boiling. This is probably because this experiment was performed in concurrence of solidification in the molten metal pool and the rapid boiling of the coolant. The other experiments were performed without coolant boiling and the correlation was developed for the pure molten metal without phase change.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.395-399
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• 2017

자동차에 사용되는 LPI 연료필터 하우징 제품은 기존 다이캐스팅 공정에서 냉간 단조 공정으로 개발하여 경량화 및 내구성을 향상하였다. 하지만 T자형 단조 형상이기 때문에 제품을 생산하였을 경우 제품의 싱크 문제가 발생하게 된다. 이로 인해 제품의 후처리 가공 문제가 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 개선하기 위해 성형 해석 시뮬레이션을 이용해 문제를 예측하고 개선방안에 대해 연구했다. 성형 해석 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 문제를 개선하기 위해 완전 성형이 가능한 최적 블랭크의 부피를 결정하였다. 그리고 최적의 블랭크 부피에 맞춰 성형 해석 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고 싱크 현상을 가시화했다. 싱크 현상을 개선하기 위해 냉간 단조 공정 진행 시 싱크 부 밑 부분에 패드를 받침으로 싱크 현상을 개선하였다. 적정한 패드력을 구하기 위해 파라미터 스터디를 진행하였고, 적정한 패드력으로 공정 진행 시 싱크 문제를 개선하였다. 그리고 실제 산업 현장에 적용하여 싱크 문제 개선에 대한 검증을 수행했다.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2011

Purpose: For aesthetic reasons, composite resin brackets are widely used. However, related studies are rare. This pilot study sought to compare the stress distributions in two commercially available composite resin brackets with metal slot. Materials and Methods: Two commercially available resin brackets -- full-metal slot resin bracket (fSRB) and partial-metal slot resin bracket (pSRB) with straight wire appliance dimension of $0.022{\times}0.028$ in -- were selected. In each bracket, 3-dimensional finite element models were constructed, and stress level was evaluated using finite element analysis. By loading the tipping force and torsion moment, which are similar to those applied by the stainless steel rectangular wire ($0.019{\times}0.025$ -in), stress distributions were calculated, and von Mises stress values were obtained. Results: In pSRB and fSRB, the stress value of the torque moment was much higher than that of the tipping force. The pSRB showed higher stress value than fSRB in both tipping force and torque moment because of the difference in size and configuration of the metal frame inserted into the slot. More stress was also found to be concentrated on the slot area than the wing area in fSRB. Conclusion: The slot form of fSRB was found to be more resistant to the stress of tipping and torque than the slot form of pSRB. In addition, the slot areas -- rather than the wing areas -- of the bracket showed breakage susceptibility. Therefore, resistance to the torque moment on the slot area should be considered in bracket design.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.599-608
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• 2012

일체형 원자로의 안전주입 노즐 이종금속 용접부의 잔류응력에 대한 레이저 피닝의 효과를 고찰하기 위해 상용 프로그램인 ABAQUS를 이용하여 implicit 동적 유한요소 해석을 통해 연구를 수행하였다. implicit 동적 유한요소 해석은 기존의 실험 결과와의 비교에 따르면 레이저 피닝을 통한 잔류응력 이완에 대해 타당하다고 확인된다. 한편 내부 보수용접이 수행된 이종금속 용접부에 대해 해석이 수행되며 그 결과는 축방향 및 원환 잔류응력 모두 내부 보수용접에 기인하여 노즐의 내표면에서 인장임을 나타낸다. 또한 용접 잔류응력 이완에 대한 최대 충격 압력, 압력 지속 시간, 스폿 직경 및 피닝 방향과 같은 여러 변수의 효과를 고찰하기 위해 변수 해석 또한 수행하였다. 결과적으로, 레이저 피닝은 내표면 근처 영역의 잔류응력을 주로 이완시키는 예방정비 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.