• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.193-210
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• 1991

For the deckhouse or superstructure, attention is directed to the reduction of vibration from a human susceptibility point of view. The two basic requirements for obtaining a low vibration level in the accommodation are to ensure that excitation forces from propeller and/or main engine are small and to avoid resonance excitation of the hull and superstructure. In recent years increased attention has been directed towards the problems of vibration and noise in deckhouse, which have caused major problems with regard to the environmental quality in the living quarters for crews. Accordingly, in this paper, the characteristic of the vibration of deckhouse of fishing boat, of which the length/height ratio is also relatively high, are studied systematically with regard to the shape and modelling of deckhouse based on finite element method of 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional model. This study is divided into 4-part. 1st part is the global deckhouse vibration, 2nd part is the local deckhouse vibration, 3rd part consists of the estimation for stiffness of foundational support and 4th part is the application to TUNA LONG LINER of 416 ton class. For the global vibration analysis, the severity of the vibration depends on the longitudinal shear and bending stiffness of the deckhouse, on the vertical deckhouse support(fore, aft and sides). However, even if the design is technically sound, vibration problems may arise due to vertical or longitudinal hull girder or afterbody resonances. Author applied the method of this study to the analysis of, deep-sea fishing vessel of G.T. 416 ton class with relatively low height and long deckhouse, and investigated the vibrational characteristic of the fishing vessel with earlier structural feature. According to this investigation, the vibration, response of above vessel was confirmed of which main hull and deckhouse behave as one body. It is at the bottom of vibrational trouble which a accommodation part of the fishing vessel is raised, that is the local vibration for side wall, fore-aft wall and deck plate of deckhouse rather than thief fect of fore-aft vibration of deckhouse for above fishing vessel. and the resonance of main hull, deckhouse and driving system such as the main engine, propeller in exciting source is mainly brought up as the trouble.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.203-220
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• 2010

In the present study, exterior beam-column sub-assemblage from a regular reinforced concrete (RC) building has been considered. Two different types of beam-column sub-assemblages from existing RC building have been considered, i.e., gravity load designed ('GLD'), and seismically designed but without any ductile detailing ('NonDuctile'). Hence, both the cases represent the under-designed structure at different time frame span before the introduction of ductile detailing. For designing 'NonDuctile' structure, Eurocode and Indian Standard were considered. Non-linear finite element (FE) program has been employed for analysing the sub-assemblages under cyclic loading. FE models were developed using quadratic concrete brick elements with embedded truss elements to represent reinforcements. It has been found that the results obtained from the numerical analysis are well corroborated with that of experimental results. Using the validated numerical models, it was proposed to correlate the energy dissipation from numerical analysis to that from experimental analysis. Numerical models would be helpful in practice to evaluate the seismic performance of the critical sub-assemblages prior to design decisions. Further, using the numerical studies, performance of the sub-assemblages with variation of axial load ratios (ratio is defined by applied axial load divided by axial strength) has been studied since many researchers have brought out inconsistent observations on role of axial load in changing strength and energy dissipation under cyclic load.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.295-312
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• 2017

Cast in situ and grouted concrete helical piles with 150-200 mm diameter half cylindrical ribs have become an economical and effective choice in Shanghai, China for uplift piles in deep soft soils. Though this type of pile has been successful used in practice, the reinforcing mechanism and the contribution of the ribs to the total resistance is not clear, and there is no clear guideline for the design of such piles. To study the inclusion of ribs to the contribution of shear resistance, the shear behaviour between silty sand and concrete slabs with parallel ribs at different spacing and angles were tested in a large direct shear box ($600mm{\times}400mm{\times}200mm$). The front panels of the shear box are detachable to observe the soil deformation after the test. The tests were modelled with three-dimensional finite element method in ABAQUS. It was found that, passive zones can be developed ahead of the ribs to form undulated failure surfaces. The shear resistance and failure mode are affected by the ratio of rib spacing to rib diameter. Based on the shape and continuity of the failure zones at the interface, the failure modes at the interface can be classified as "punching", "local" or "general" shear failure respectively. With the inclusion of the ribs, the pull out resistance can increase up to 17%. The optimum rib spacing to rib diameter ratio was found to be around 7 based on the observed experimental results and the numerical modelling.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.427-438
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• 2018

In this paper, the single and multi-objective optimization of thin-walled conical tubes with different types of indentations under axial impact has been investigated using surrogate models called metamodels. The geometry of tapered thin-walled tubes has been studied in order to achieve maximum specific energy absorption (SEA) and minimum peak crushing force (PCF). The height, radius, thickness, tapered angle of the tube, and the radius of indentation have been considered as design variables. Based on the design of experiments (DOE) method, the generated sample points are computed using the explicit finite element code. Different surrogate models including Kriging, Feed Forward Neural Network (FNN), Radial Basis Neural Network (RNN), and Response Surface Modelling (RSM) comprised to evaluate the appropriation of such models. The comparison study between surrogate models and the exploration of indentation shapes have been provided. The obtained results show that the RNN method has the minimum mean squared error (MSE) in training points compared to the other methods. Meanwhile, optimization based on surrogate models with lower values of MSE does not provide optimum results. The RNN method demonstrates a lower crashworthiness performance (with a lower value of 125.7% for SEA and a higher value of 56.8% for PCF) in comparison to RSM with an error order of $10^{-3}$. The SEA values can be increased by 17.6% and PCF values can be decreased by 24.63% by different types of indentation. In a specific geometry, higher SEA and lower PCF require triangular and circular shapes of indentation, respectively.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 전편의 논문에서 제시한 힌지연결부를 갖는 쉘해석모델을 이용하여 변수연구를 수행하였다. 주요변수에는 중차량 통과에 의하여 발생한 원지반의 영구변형 폭, 되메움, 강재매트의 등가두께 및 강재매트의 이방성 특성이 고려되었다. 이러한 주요변수들이 롤타입강재매트의 수직처짐, 회전변위 및 모멘트와 응력에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 차륜하중에 의하여 발생한 동토의 영구소성변형으로 인하여 매우 큰 수직처짐과 허용휨인장강도를 초과하는 인장응력이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 문제는 되메움 또는 강재매트의 등가두께를 증가시킴으로서 쉽게 해결될 수 있다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.552-560
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• 1993

지진 및 냉각재상시사고시 핵연료집합체의 건전성 확인은 원자로심모델의 핵연료집합체 집중질량모델을 이용하여 지지격자에 발생한 충격 해석치와 동적좌굴시험치와의 비교를 통해 사고시의 핵연료집합체 건전성을 평가하여 왔다. 그러나 이 방법은 사고시 핵연료집합체 부품별 설계 요구사항 만족여부를 평가하는데 미흡하여 본 연구에서는 지진 및 냉각재상실사고시 핵연료집합체 구조적건전성 평가를 위한 수평방향 핵연료집합체 응력해석모델을 개발하였다. 이를 위해 첫번째 단계로써 원자로심모델의 해석 결과인 각 절점에서의 변위와 회전각으로부터 응력을 계산하고 가장 큰 응력을 갖는 핵연료를 찾아내는 MAIN이라는 전산프로그램을 개발하였다. 그리고 다음단계로써 이 .프로그램에서 구한 핵연료집합체 변위와 회전각을 이용하여 핵연료집합체의 주요부품에 가해지는 응력을 계산하기 위한 핵연료집합체 응력해석모델을 개발하였다. 이 모델은 집합체주요부품인 안내관과 연료봉을 3차원보요소로, 지지격자스프링을 선형 및 회전스프링으로 각각 모델링 하였으며, MAIN 프로그램의 출력인 집합체의 변위를 구속조건으로 사용하였다. 또한, 개발된 프로그램과 응력해석모델을 이용하여 하나의 적용 예로써 임의의 지진하중하에서 16$\times$16형 핵연료집합체에 대한 응력해석을 수행하였다. 이 모델을 개발하므로써 지진 및 냉각재상실사고시 핵연료집합체 설계용구사항 만족여부를 평가할 수 있는 기틀을 마련하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.2616-2628
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• 2021

The results of effective irradiation swelling in a wide range of burnup levels are numerically obtained for an inert matrix fuel, which are verified with DART model. The fission gas swelling of fuel particles is calculated with a mechanistic model, which depends on the external hydrostatic pressure. Additionally, irradiation and thermal creep effects are included in the inert matrix. The effects of matrix creep strains, external hydrostatic pressure and temperature on the effective irradiation swelling are investigated. The research results indicate that (1) the above effects are coupled with each other; (2) the matrix creep effects at high temperatures should be involved; and (3) ranged from 0 to 300 MPa, a remarkable dependence of external hydrostatic pressure can be found. Furthermore, an explicit multi-variable mathematic model is established for the effective irradiation swelling, as a function of particle volume fraction, temperature, external hydrostatic pressure and fuel particle fission density, which can well reproduce the finite element results. The mathematic model for the current volume fraction of fuel particles can help establish other effective performance models.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2019

This paper presents a computational rational model to predict the ultimate and optimized load capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened by a combination of longitudinal and transverse fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite plates/sheets (flexure and shear strengthening system). Several experimental and analytical studies on the confinement effect and failure mechanisms of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapped columns have been conducted over recent years. Although typical axial members are large-scale square/rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) columns in practice, the majority of such studies have concentrated on the behavior of small-scale circular concrete specimens. A high performance concrete, known as polymer concrete, made up of natural aggregates and an orthophthalic polyester binder, reinforced with non-metallic bars (glass reinforced polymer) has been studied. The material is described at micro and macro level, presenting the key physical and mechanical properties using different experimental techniques. Furthermore, a full description of non-metallic bars is presented to evaluate its structural expectancies, embedded in the polymer concrete matrix. In this paper, the mechanism of mechanical interaction of smooth and lugged FRP rods with concrete is presented. A general modeling and application of various elements are demonstrated. The contact parameters are defined and the procedures of calculation and evaluation of contact parameters are introduced. The method of calibration of the calculated parameters is presented. Finally, the numerical results are obtained for different bond parameters which show a good agreement with experimental results reported in literature.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제69권5호
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• pp.537-545
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• 2019

Stress analysis of bottom-hole rock has to be considered with much care to further understand rock fragmentation mechanism and high penetration rate. This original study establishes a fully coupled simulation model and explores the effects of overburden pressure, horizontal in-situ stresses, drilling mud pressure, pore pressure and temperature on the stress distribution in bottom-hole rock. The research finds that in air drilling, as the well depth increases, the more easily the bottom-hole rock is to be broken. Moreover, the mud pressure has a great effect on the bottom-hole rock. The bigger the mud pressure is, the more difficult to break the bottom-hole rock is. Furthermore, the maximum principal stress of the bottom-hole increases as the mud pressure, well depth and temperature difference increase. The bottom-hole rock can be divided into three main regions according to the stress state, namely a) three directions tensile area, b) two directions compression areas and c) three directions compression area, which are classified as a) easy, b) normal and c) hard, respectively, for the corresponding fragmentation degree of difficulty. The main contribution of this paper is that it presents for the first time a thorough study of the effect of related factors, including stress distribution and temperature, on the bottom-hole rock fracture rather than the well wall, using a thermo-poroelastoplasticity model.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.429-445
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• 2021

With regard to economic efficiency, composite fix beams are widely used to pass longitudinal shear forces across the interface. The current knowledge of the composite beam load-slip activity and shear capability are restricted to data from measurements of push-off. Modelling and analysis of the composite beams based on Euro-code 4 regarding to shear, bending, and deflection under differing loads were carried out using Finite Element through an efficient computer simulation and the final loading and sections capacity based on the failure modes was analysed. In bending, the section potential was increased by an improvement of the strength in both steel and concrete, but the flexural and compressive resistance growth is very weak (3.2% 3.1% and 3.0%), while the strength of the concrete has increased respectively from 25 N/mm² to 30, 35, and 40 N/mm² compared to the increment of steel strength by 27% and 21% when it was raised from 275 to 355 and 460 N/mm², respectively. It was found that the final flexural load capacity of fix beams was declined with increase in the fix beam span for both three steel strength. The shear capacity of sections was remained unchanged at constant steel strength and different length, but raised with final yield strength increment of steel sections by 29%, and 67% when it was raised from 275 N/mm² to 355 N/mm² and 460 N/mm², respectively.