• ALGAE
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.261-273
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• 2017

Fine dust (FD) particles have become a major contributor to air pollution causing detrimental effects on the respiratory system and skin. Although some studies have investigated the effects of FD on the respiratory system, their possible effects on the skin remain under-explored. We investigated the FD mediated inflammatory responses in keratinocytes, present in the outer layers of skin tissues and the transfer of inflammatory potential to macrophages. We further evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of the polyphenolic derivative, diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) isolated from Ishige okamurae against FD-induced inflammation. Size distribution of FD particles was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. FD particles induced the production of cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 ($PGE_2$), interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, and IL-6 in HaCaT keratinocytes and the expression of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS), $PGE_2$, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Further, we evaluated the inflammatory potential of the culture medium of inflammation-induced HaCaT cells in RAW 264.7 macrophages and observed a marked increase in the expression of NO, iNOS, $PGE_2$, and proinflammatory cytokines. DPHC treatment markedly attenuated the inflammatory responses, indicating its effectiveness in suppressing a broad range of inflammatory responses. It also showed anti-inflammatory potential in in-vivo experiments using FD-stimulated zebrafish embryos by decreasing NO and reactive oxygen species production, while eventing cell death caused by inflammation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.401-406
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• 2023

With the development of industry, fine dust is causing difficulties in various fields such as environment, health, and life, and a large amount of pollutants generated from human social activities are emerging as a serious environmental problem due to air pollution. Therefore, in this study, activated carbon was added to remove fine dust and volatile organic compounds by spinning cellulose acetate polymer fibers on a silicon support using the electrospinning method. By varying the activated carbon ratio and electrospinning time, the fine dust blocking effect and toluene adsorption performance were confirmed according to the activated carbon ratio and filter thickness. As a result, it was shown that the particles were effectively blocked with the increase in the electrospinning time due to the filter thickness increase. Adsorbed amount of toluene was increased with increase in activated carbon amount. Light transmittance was decrease with increase in electrospinning time, showing that there were light transmittance in filters electrospun for 20~30 minutes.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2023

Objectives : Fine dust caused by environmental pollution cause oxidative damage and skin aging. In this study, The possibility of using the Codium fragile extract (CFE) as an anti-aging product for skin improvement was evaluated by confirming the protective effect of skin cells from PM10 (particulate matter 10) through inhibition of ROS and MMPs. Methods : In this study, elastase and collagenase inhibitory activities were evaluated. Cell viability was evaluated by treating keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line) with CFE at various concentrations. The cytoprotective effect from PM10 in keratinocyteswas evaluated using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol]-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. ROS (reactive oxygen species) was measured in keratinocytes damaged by PM10 using DCF-DA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate) fluorescence staining. As an anti-aging effect of CFE, MMP-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-1) and MMP-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) inhibitory activities were evaluated. Results : As a result, CFE decreased the activity of elastase and collagenase. As a result of evaluating the toxicity of CFE, it is non-toxic at a concentration of 10 to 80 ㎍/㎖. Although cell viability of HaCaT cells treated with PM10 decreased, cell viability increased by 38% when treated with CFE 80 ㎍/㎖. Also, ROS decreased by 8.4%, and MMP-1 and MMP-9 decreased at CFE 80 ㎍/㎖. Conclusions : CFE showed excellent cell protection effect, and it is considered that it can be used in anti-aging products for skin improvement by effectively inhibiting ROS and MMPs from keratinocyte damage caused by fine dust.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 2023

Environmental pollution problems are occurring due to the negative treatment of basalt waste in Jeju Island. This study identifies the characteristics of permeable block with basalt with physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms and examines their applicability and functionality as building materials. This experiment is basic data for evaluating the functionality of the permeable block by analyzing flexural strength, compressive strength, permeability coefficient, carbon dioxide, and fine dust adsorption rate by producing a permeable block using a basalt waste rock. As the basalt waste stone replacement rate increased, the flexural strength and compressive strength tended to decrease, and as the replacement rate increased, the water permeability coefficient, absorption rate, carbon dioxide, and fine dust adsorption rate tended to increase. Therefore, it is judged that the permeable block using the basalt waste rock is superior to the existing permeable block.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.202-203
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• 2003

디젤 엔진에서 발생되는 입자는 대기 오염의 주 오염원이 되고 있다. 따라서 이를 감소시키기 위해 필터(Diesel Particulate Filter :DPF)를 이용한 다양한 후처리 시스템이 개발되고 있다. DPF 시스템에서 가장 많이 사용하는 필터는 cordierite로 구성된 벌집 모양의 세라믹 필터이다. 그러나 이러한 타입의 필터는 여과시 압력강하가 높을 뿐 아니라 재생을 위한 고온 상태에서 낮은 열전도율로 crack이 일어나거나 melting이 있어 필터 자체의 파손의 위험이 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.479-480
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• 2003

미세 입자의 포집효율을 향상시키고 집진필터의 수명을 연장시키기 위해 여과집진 장치에 전기집진 기술을 접목시켜 미세 입자의 제어 성능을 향상시키기 위한 다단계 집진장치에 대해 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔다(Hautanen, 1996). 그 가운데 전기장 내에서의 입자 응집을 이용한 미세입자의 제거는 전기집진기의 효율을 높이기 위한 방법의 하나로 제시되었고(Lehtinen, 1996), 교류 전기장 내에서의 입자들의 충돌로 인하여 미세입자의 크기가 성장하여 전기 집진 장치에서 미세입자의 제거효율이 상승한다는 연구결과가 발표되었다(Watanabe, 19950. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.341-342
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• 2002

미세탄소입자는 원소탄소(elemental carbon)와 유기탄소(organic carbon)로 분류할 수 있다. 원소탄소는 불완전연소 과정에 발생하는 검댕(black soot), 원유의 정제과정에 발생하는 흑연(graphite), 자연상태에서 만들어진 다이아몬드의 3가지 형태로 존재한다. 이들 중 대기환경에 영향을 미치는 요소는 검댕입자로서 입경은 l$\mu\textrm{m}$이하이며, 일정한 형태를 지니고 있지 않다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.743-747
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• 2005

In South Korea, about 900 metal mines have been abandoned, and about 88 million-t metal mine wastes have been discarded in recent years. The treatment of the tailings which are the main wastes in the abandoned metal mines becomes a social problem because they cause environmental pollution such as acidic waste water generation, groundwater contamination, and dust generation. Since almost whole quantities of the tailings have disposed by landfill now, the development of effective recycling methods for the tailings are strongly requested. It is expected that the fine tailings obtained by centrifugal separation process among the tailings can be utilized as admixture for cement. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the micro-structure of cement mortar admixed with fine tailing. Various admixtures were made of Fine tailings and 2 Types of OPC, fly-ash and blast furnace slag. The hydration reactivity of cement mortar with FT was examined by Porosity, XRD and SEM morphology analysis. The anolytical result about hardened hydrates shows that waste fine tailing help hydrates none densified due to it,s filling-space, These densified effect is concluded with improving the resistance to attack of cement mortar including waste fine tailing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2020

Car inspection systems are regularly carried out by the state to ensure the safety and emission status of cars, thereby improving the safety and quality of life by reducing fine dust and greenhouse gases that are the main culprits of vehicle defects and air pollution. These automobile inspections are largely divided into either regular or comprehensive inspections. This study analyzed the smoke measuring probes used in the lug - down 3 mode. In the previously issued paper "Improvement of Soot Probe Efficiency for Automotive Emission Measurement," an improved smoke measurement probe(B) improved on the problems that arise from the current smoke measurement probe (A). In this study, a technique that can improve the probe's inhalation efficiency over the improved (B) probes was applied to probes (C). Probe (C) involves a structure designed close to the center of the circumference of the exhaust pipe, and the suction efficiency was improved by adding a variable center unit.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.04a
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• pp.164-165
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• 2022

In order to solve problems such as acceleration of resource use and environmental pollution, experiments were conducted with the aim of producing indoor finishing materials that can adsorb fine dust and carbon dioxide using gelite and polymer, which are porous materials. Based on the previous experiment, gelite was substituted at each level in a matrix having a polymer S738P substitution rate of 12.5%, and the results are as follows. As the substitution rate of gelite increased, the amount of fine dust and carbon dioxide adsorption increased, which is believed to be due to physical adsorption due to the high porosity of gelite. However, further experiments are needed as the overall adsorption amount is not high due to the filling inside the matrix due to the polymer.