• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.28-32
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• 1976

This study was carried out to know the adaptability of barley flour, potato flour and white ash as extender and filler of urea-formaldehyde resin for plywood as a substitute material of wheat flour. The extenders and filler used at this study were extended by several groups of percentages. Shear strength, moisture contents, and specific gravities were compared among tested groups. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1) Wet and dry shear strength of plywoods extended by 10% barley flour, 30% potato flour, and wheat flours were shown better results than non extended plywoods. 2) There was no significant difference between plywoods extended until 50% barley flours and non extended plywoods. 3) Shear strength of plywoods extended by 50% potato and 100% barley flours were shown worse result than non extended. 4) Dry and wet shear strength of plywoods extended by white ash were shown worst result. 5) The plywoods extended by potato flours were shown not only better shear strength, but also considered more profitable cost for extending.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2011

Precipitated calcium carbonate(PCC), particularly calcite crystal, is extensively used as a pigment, filler or extender in various industries such as paper, paint, textile, detergents, adhesives, rubber and plastics, food, cosmetics, and biomaterials. PCC is conventionally produced through the gas-liquid carbonation process, which consists on bubbling gaseous $CO_2$ through a concentrated calcium hydroxide slurry. This study is aimed to find some factors for controlling the morphology of engineered PCC in lab-scaled mixing batch. The experimental designs were based on temperature variables, $Ca(OH)_2$ concentration, $CO_2$ flow rate, and electrical conductivity. The model of engineered PCC morphology was finally controlled by adjustment of electrical conductivity(6.0~7.0 mS/cm) and $Ca(OH)_2$ concentration(10 g/L). Orthorhombic calcite crystals were mostly created at high concentration and electrical conductivity conditions because the increased ratio of $Ca^{2+}$ and $CO{_3}^{2-}$ ions affects the growth rate of orthorhombic faces. Excess calcium spices were contributed to the growth of faces in calcium carbonate crystal, and the non-stoichiometric reaction was occurred between $Ca^{2+}$ and $CO{_3}^{2-}$ ions during carbonation process.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1807-1812
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• 2014

플라스틱은 형상의 구애를 거의 받지 않아 자유 곡면형상을 표현할 수 있고, 다양한 색상과 저렴한 가격으로 대량으로 생산할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있으며, 차량의 경량화 부품소재로 많이 사용되고 있는 가운데 자동차 도어필러 성형은 엔지니어링 플라스틱을 사용하는 대표적인 예로서, 사출성형으로 생산되고 있다. 이러한 방법으로 생산된 부품은 대부분 외관 부품으로 사용되어 표면에 대한 불량 제거가 무엇보다 중요하며, 이를 위해 마지막 공정으로 폴리싱 작업을 수행하고 있다. 작업자에 의해 이루어지는 폴리싱 작업은 많은 힘을 요구하며, 이로 인해 작업자들의 피로도가 높은 공정으로 분류되어 기피공정이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 영상처리를 이용하여 폴리싱 공정의 작업을 작업자와 연계하여 불량위치를 검출하고 폴리싱 공정을 자동으로 수행할 수 있도록 폴리싱 자동화 장비의 개발하였다. 이를 통해 생산시간 단축(30초)및 작업인원 1명 감소로 생산단가의 경쟁력을 높이는 개선효과를 기대하게 되었다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.441-448
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• 2020

CLSM은 다량의 산업부산물 및 폐기물을 안전하게 유효 활용할 수 있는 슬러리계의 되메움 재료이다. 본 연구에서는 FA 및 모래의 대체 재료로써 GBFS 및 FNS, GF의 적용가능성을 평가함은 물론 나아가 도로 및 노면 하부, 싱크홀 및 포토홀 등의 되메움 및 공동충전재로서의 현장적용을 위한 품질기준을 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 선진외국 대비 재생자원의 유효 재활용을 향상시킴은 물론 국내에서의 CLSM 확대적용 및 보급을 위한 기초적인 자료로 제안하고자 하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.72-73
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• 2021

In this study, the engineering characteristics of CLSM mixed with GBFS and GF were identified to review the applicability as a replacement material and further evaluate the recharge and field applicability as a joint filler material. First, Using more than 30% of GBFS to replace FA enabled bleeding control through improved fluidity. Second, When using more than 30% of FNS to replace sand, it was found that adding 0.25~0.35 of the AE agent is effective for bleeding control through improved fluidity. Third, When using more than 30% of both GBFS and FNS in combination, it was found that adding 0.3~0.35 of the AE agent is effective for bleeding control through improved fluidity. Also, it was confirmed that proper mixing of 15~60% of GF secured the effective strength and desired quality as a refiller and joint filler material.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.40-46
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• 1998

This study was aimed to investigate any improvement of dewatering and energy saving on the papermaking process when the various types of fillers were used, i.e., clay, talc and grounded calcium carbonate (GCC). Cationic polyelectrolyte and alum coagulants neutralized the surface charge of the filler particles and the filler particles were coagulated. The rates of dewatering and drying were investigated. The results indicated that clay tended to intense anion, while talc and GCC tended to anion trend nearly to neutrality. Clay and talc added with EPI-DMA, P-DADMAC and alum respectively as optimum levels showed a significant efficiency on the dewatering and the turbidity dissipation. However, the turbidity and dewatering rate of GCC decreased, when GCC was added with EPI-DMA and P-DADMAC respectively Drying rate of clay was increased when coagulant added. However drying rates of talc and GCC were not affected by coagulant, while the apprarent drying time of talc and GCC in the absence of any coagulant was shorter than the clay in the presence of a coagulant. The result confirmed that talc or GCC was more efficient than clay on the dewatering and drying, which is consistent with a general knowledge in the collodal science.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.678-684
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• 2008

A general treatment is to restore abfraction lesions with dental filler materials to reduce stress concentration. A material should be selected from various dental products based on long term experiences of dentist or personal preference concerning filler methods. A quantitative criterion is necessary to make an evaluation of the results as dentists decide treatment methods and dental materials relying on their clinical experiences. The purpose of this study is to find an optimal restoration method and material for noncarious cervical lesions using the finite element method. An objective function was defined to minimize the sum of tension or compression stress. Trial-and-error and approximation were used to find an optimal restoration method. An optimal solution was to fill TetricFlow inside the lesion and Z100 in the remaining region. The most desirable thickness ratio of the two filler materials was 0.125 with trial-and-error and it was similar to the results of approximation, 0.121 and 0.132.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1993

The object of the research is to develop the flux for aluminum brazing. Five kinds of flux were applied to brazing joint with fin and tube structure using same filler metal. To estimate the performance of the developed flux, products analysis, differential thermal test, grain size test, observation of crystalline structure, tensile test, corrosion test were made. From the results of experiment, the following conculsions were obtained. 1. The optimum composition ratio (Wt) of AlF$_3$ and KF was 50-60% : 40-50% 2. The optimum melting point of the flux was 567-578$^{\circ}C$.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1998

Natural rubber was filled with 8 commercial carbon blacks covering range of rubber-grade products at different levels of filler loadings in order to investigate physical compound and vulcanizate properties. It was found that the curves of rubber property vs filler loading of both uncured compounds and vulcanizates can be superposed to one single master curve by introducing an effective volume fraction which is based on CDBP. The effective volume fraction, $V_{EFF}$ was utilized to explain the variation of the stiffness of all rubber compounds. The surface area-corrected effective volume fraction, V', was utilized to explain the formation of bound rubber, rebound and lambourn wear.

• 에너지공학
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2018

In this paper, we reported that the influence of advanced functional mineral filler calcium carbonate ($CaCO_3$) extracted from oyster shell waste, which are rich mineral sources of $CaCO_3$. Oyster Shells, available in abundance, have no eminent use and are commonly regarded as waste. Their improper disposal causes a significant level of environmental concern and also results in a waste of natural resources. Recycling shell waste could potentially eliminate the disposal problem, and also turn an otherwise useless waste into high value added products. Oyster shell waste calcination process to produce pure lime (CaO) which have good anti-microbial property for waste water treatment and then focuses on its current applications to treat the coffee waste and its effluents for biological treatment and utilization as a fertilizers.