• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.232-239
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of anti curvature filing with stainless steel k-file versus nickel-titanium ProFile in the shaping of mesial root canals of extracted mandibular molars. A total of 60 canals from 30 mesial roots of mandibular molar teeth were randomly assigned to three groups with n=20 each. They were prepared with different instruments and methods: The first group with stainless steel k-file and circumferential filing. the second with precurved stainless steel k-file and anticurvature filing and the third with ProFile C06 taper) and anticurvature filing. Using a micro-computed tomography system (skyscan-1076, SKYSCAN, Antwerpen, Belgium), pre-and post-operative specimens were scanned. Subsequently, canal images were superimposed and changes in root dentin thickness were measured at distal side (danger zone) of the canal. The data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and the comparison of means was conducted using a post hoc multiple comparison Tukey test. There were significant differences in the change of root dentin thickness at the $7.5{\sim}8.5\;mm$ level between group 1 and 2, $3.5{\sim}6mm$ level between group 1 and 3 and $3.5{\sim}6mm$ level between group 2 and 3(n=20, P<0.05).

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.537-547
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• 2020

This study aimed to analyze evidence of the effect of perceived ease-of-use, perceived usefulness, and perceived security on the citizen's intention to use e-Filing with information technology readiness as an intervening variable. This study used primary data collected from Civil Servants Taxpayers, Indonesian National Armed Forces, and State Police of the Republic of Indonesia in Semarang City. One hundred fifty questionnaires were distributed, and 126 were processed and analyzed. The multiple linear regression and path analysis were employed to test the hypotheses. The results indicated that perceived ease-of-use and perceived security had a positive effect on the use of e-Filing, while perceived usefulness has no effect on the use of e-Filing. In addition, readiness of information technology did not mediate the relationships among the perceived ease-of-use, perceived usefulness, and perceived security on the use of e-Filing. This study implies that Directorate General of Taxes, as a provider of e-Filing services, may improve the quality of e-Filing, especially in terms of ease and security. It is because, based on the results of this study, both aspects have been empirically proven to be able to increase intention to use e-Filing in reporting the annual notification letter.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.327-334
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• 2005

This study investigated the effect of anticurvature filing method on preparation of the curved root canal using ProFile. Thirty six resin blocks were divided equally into three groups by instrumentation motions: anticurvature filing motion. circumferential filing motion and straight up-and-down motion. Each resin block was sectioned at 8mm level from the apex and at the greatest curvature of the canal and reassembled in metal mold by a modified Bramante technique. All groups were instrumented with the ProFile system. At each levels. image of sectioned surface were taken using CCD camera under a stereomicroscope at $\times40$ magnification and stored. Distances of transportation at the inner and outer area of curvature and the centering ratio were determined and compared by statistical analysis. along with the assessment of the increase of root canal cross-sectional area. The results were as follows; 1. In all groups. there was no statistical difference in the mean increase of root canal cross-sectional area. the centering ratio. and the mean distances of transportation at the inner area of curvature at each level. 2. At 8mm level from the apex. the mean distances of transportation at the outer area of curvature decreases in following order anticurvature filing motion. circumferential filing motion. straight up-and­down motion but. no significant difference at the greatest curvature of the canal among three groups. Effect of anticurvature filing motion using ProFile does not seem to be different from other instrumentation motions at the inner area of curvature in curved root canal.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.5-24
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• 2005

This study reviews various kinds of records filing systems, which function as a basic fundamental to effective records management. The purposes, methods and characteristics of Alphabetic, geographic, numeric, subject, and combined filing systems are examined. The alphabetic filing method uses letters of the alphabet to determine the order of names of people and companies. In subject filing the subjects are filed in alphabetic order. In numeric filing, numbers representing names or subjects are used. When records are requested by place or location rather than by individual or business name, geographic filing is advantageous.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.129-138
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• 2002

Against the projection that the volume of filing would be drastically cut in the Information Age, the needs for filing in this age increases gradually. In this respect, it is critical to study the design of office filing system furniture. Through this study, we could find out what shall be the major requirements for office lijillg system furniture. This study would also provide important raw data for developing more efficient and more satisfactory office filing system furniture. Subject for this study includes 6 representative filing system furniture including a lateral file cabinet. For the design analysis, we used catalogues of foreign and domestic office furniture, particularly filing system furniture. The analysis is classified into the following six categories such as size, shape, color, material, handle, and filing method, mobility, flexibility, and so on. According to the analysis of office furniture in the market, requirements of furniture fit for office environment are found to be as follows. -Instead of the fixed-type furniture, movable furniture is more adaptable to the ever-evolving office environment. -Design the office furniture in accordance with a standardized module would provide a more unity and diversity of arrangement in space particularly when it is arranged with other furniture. -Development of more diverse color, which ranges from achromatic color to wooden color to other various colors, is more favored in the ever-changing office environment. -As the grip provides a variety of image to the furniture let alone its function, its development is required to be more diverse and more conforming 10 the design of Ihe furniture. -The filing methods in general are with drawer and shelf, among which the drawers design is usually fixed. However, under the evolving office furniture environment, the design of Ihe drawer, bolh inlerior and exterior, shall be more diverse and flexible.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.395-416
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• 2008

The advance information for oceangoing cargoes destined to th United States enable CBP to evaluate the potential risk of smuggling WMD and to facilitate the prompt release of legitimate cargo following its arrival in the Unites States. On January 1, 2008, CBP promulgate regulations, also known as 10+2 rule, to require the electronic transmission of additional data elements for improved high-risk targeting, including appropriate security elements of entry data for cargo destined to the United States by vessel prior to loading of such cargo on vessels at foreign seaports. The potential impact to an importer's international supply chain will be as follows ; Firstly, importers will take incremental supply chain costs and filing costs. Secondly, anticipate delay in shipment of containerized cargo. Thirdly, importers could be charged fines if they fail to file and file inaccurate or missing data. Companies exporting to the United States should be interested in 10+2 rule, analyze their current processes and procedures to ensure that they are prepared to handle the additional filing requirements of 10+2 rule. And they should focus on how 10+2 impacts their supply chain in terms of costs and sourcing. They will be necessary to revise service legal agreements with their forwarders, customs brokers or carriers in order to meet filing requirements of 10+2 rule.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.67-70
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• 2002

Remediation of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated organics, nitro aromatics, and heavy metals using zero valent iron (ZVI) filings has paid considerable attention in recent years. When the contaminants of high concentration leaked abundantly in subsurface environment, permeable reactive barrier technology using iron filing is taken a long time for the remediation of contaminated groundwater, The problem of contaminant shock is able to be solved using surfactant (hexadecyltrimethylammonium, HDTMA) modified bentonite (SMB) as immobilizing material. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to develop the combined remediation technology using conventional permeable reactive and immobilizing barrier for the enhanced decontamination of chlorinated compounds. Four column experiments were conducted to assess the performance of the mixed reactive materials with Ottawa sand, iron filing, and HDTMA-bentonite for trichloroethylene (TCE) removal under controlled groundwater flow conditions. TCE reduction rates with sand/iron filing/HDTMA-bentonite were highest among four column due to dechlorination of TCE by iron filing and sorption of TCE by SMB.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 2001

The idea of the vertical filing had been introduced in Japan at the beginning of the 20th century. This is regarded as a root of the management of business records and office works. After the Secund World War, The Occupied Army introduced the American method of the document management and the method as the filing system had been generalized among many offices. However, the filing method bad been regarded the needed skills for clerical staff. The business documents and records have increased in volumes and recognized their value as information resources in business and management. These movements have become a good grounding in introducing and development of records management. To spread the idea and method of records management in business offices, it is required that academic research and training systems must be developed and established. In such situation, The Records management Society, Japan has been established in1989 and the graduate corse on records management has been established in Surugadai Univ. in 1999. Those are the center of research and studying activities on records management in Japan.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.545-552
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• 2022

The number of patent application filing for a specific technology has a good relation with the technology's life cycle and future industry development on that area. So industry and governments are highly interested in forecasting the number of patent application filing in order to take appropriate preparations in advance. In this paper, a new method based on the bidirectional long short-term memory(LSTM), a kind of recurrent neural network(RNN), is proposed to improve the forecasting accuracy compared to related methods. Compared with the Bass model which is one of conventional diffusion modeling methods, the proposed method shows the 16% higher performance with the Korean patent filing data on the five selected technology areas.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2004

Introduction : Kim-Young-hun (김영훈), with the pen name of Cheong-Gang (청강), was born in the late 19th century. He led an active life as an eminent Korean traditional medical scholar until the mid-20th century. He opened a Korean traditional medical clinic in the heart of Seoul and kept records of his clinical experiences. Methods : Filing of clinical records: Cheong-Gang's records, at present owned by the College of Oriental Medicine, Kyunghee University (경희대학교 한의과대학), are classified into prescription charts and medical examination charts. In this study, only the medical examination charts were filed. Results : The total number of the medical examination charts from 1915 until 1974 is 393, and the titles are sorted according to date. This paper is the first filing research on the medical examination charts.