• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.150-157
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• 2002

펄스 안테나로 많이 사용되는 종래의 직선형 혹은 V-형 안테나의 원거리전장은 null점들을 갖는 주파수 특성을 가지므로 제한된 펄스 복사 능력을 가진다. 이를 개선시키기 위해 비선형적 형상을 갖는 와이어안테나의 합성법을 제안하였다 즉, 복사 전장의 주파수 의존성을 최소화시키는 형상방정식을 유도하고 그 해를 산출하므로서 리플형의 광대역 특성을 갖는 형상을 합성하였다. 그 결과 매우 넓은 주요 스펙트럼을 갖는 짧은 펄스의 복사에 유리함을 보였다. 따라서, 펄스폭이 좁을수록 합성된 다이폴 안테나 특성이 종래의 선형 다이폴 보다 우수한 피크치를 갖는 펄스 복사가 이루어짐을 보였다. 전류 분포 및 원거리 전장의 과도해석을 위해 모멘트법에 기반한 역 이산 푸리에 변환을 사용하였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.387-394
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• 1995

박막광도파로 센서의 특소전파상수를 이용하여 인간혈액내의 산화 및 환원 혈색소의 흡광계수를 쉽고 빠르게 측정할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 제작된 광도파로위에 에바네센트 필드와 시료간의 상호작용길이를 변화시킬수 있도록 직렬의 다채널 시료 충전셀을 만들고 여러가지 농도의 두가지 혈색소 시료들에 대한 센서응답을 조사하여 상호작용길이에 대한 의존성을 살펴보았다. 센서응답은 상호작용길이와 시료의 농도에 선형적으로 비례한다. 시료들과 에바네센트 필드 흡수에 따른 제작된 센서의 감쇄정수를 실험적으로 구하고 제한된 방법으로 흡광계수를 결정한다. 제안된 방법으로 구한 두가지 혈색소에 대한 흡광계수는 종래의 투과광 측정법으로 구한 값과 잘 일치한다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.99-99
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• 2011

A statistical study of coronal hole merging and splitting has been performed through Solar Cycle 23. The NOAA/SESC solar synoptic maps are examined to identify inarguably clear events of coronal hole merging and splitting. The numbers of merging events and splitting events are more or less comparable regardless of the phase in the solar cycle. The number of both events, however, definitely shows the phase dependence in the solar cycle. It apparently has a minimum at the solar minimum whereas its maximum is located in the declining phase of the sunspot activity, about a year after the second peak in Solar Cycle 23. There are more events of merging and splitting in the descending phase than in the ascending phase. Interestingly, no event is found at the local minimum between the two peaks of the sunspot activity. This trend can be compared with the variation of the average magnetic field strength and the radial field component in the solar wind through the solar cycle. In Ulysses observations, both of these quantities have a minimum at the solar minimum while their maximum is located in the descending phase, a while after the second peak of the sunspot activity. At the local minimum between the two peaks in the solar cycle, the field strength and the radial component both have a shallow local minimum or an inflection point. At the moment, the physical reason for these resembling tendencies is difficult to understand with existing theories. Seeing that merging and splitting of coronal holes are possible by passage of opposite polarity magnetic structures, we may suggest that the energizing activities in the solar surface such as motions of flux tubes are not exactly in phase with sunspot generation, but are more active some time after the sunspot maximum.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.289-292
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• 1993

3-Gun 고주파 마그네트론 스퍼터링법에 의해 [Ni/Fe/Cu] 다층박막과 [Fe/Ni/Fe/Cu] 다층 박막을 제조하고 Ni/Fe 두께비에 따른 자기저항특성을 조사하였다. 열처리에 의한 효과를 고나찰하기 위하여 진공열처리를 행하였다. 두 종류의 다층박막에서 사잇층 Cu 두께에 따른 자기저항의 진동 현 상을 관찰할 수 있었다. Ni과 Cu의 계면에 삼입된 Fe 두께가 약 $3\;\AA$일때 자기저항이 극대값을 보 였으며, Fe 두께가 $1~2\;\AA$일때 자기저항은 이에 비해 크게 감소하지 않았으나, 포화자장은 현저 히 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. ${[Fe(1\;\AA)/Ni(18\;\AA)/Fe(1\;\AA)/Cu(23\;\AA)]}_{20}Fe(80\;\AA)/Si$ 시편의 경우, 100 Oe의 포화자장에서 6%의 자기저항을 얻을 수 있었다. 열처리에 의해서는 자기저항이나 큰 변화를 관찰할 수 없었으며, 합금상 형성 여부는 확인할 수 없었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.315-323
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• 1983

Effect of NiO and $MnO_2$ addtivies on the dielectric piezoelectrics and polarization-reversal properties of $(Pb_{0.936} La_{0.064})$$(Zr_{0.60}Ti_{0.40})O_3$ ceramics have been investigated. The specimens were prepared by the mixed oxide techni-que and atmosphere sintering method. The room temperature X-ray diffraction studies show that perfect perovskite solution with tetragonal structure was obtained from PLZT and its additives. The dielectric constant and dissipation factor decreased with the addition of both NiO and $MnO_2$ The Curie of Curie temperature was not observed but they displayed broadened maxima. The planar coupling factor was improved by addition of NiO and also increased with increasing sintering time carried out at 105$0^{\circ}C$ Addition of $MnO_2$ yielded a markedly high mechanical quality factor. The space-charge field decreased with the addition of NiO but increased with the addition of $MnO_2$ The planar coupling factor and space-charge field showed same dependence on the additivies. The tetragonality Curie temperature and planar coupling factor of $(Pb_{0.936} La_{0.064})$$(Zr_{0.60}Ti_{0.40})O_3$ were higher than those of $(Pb_{0.936} La_{0.064})$$(Zr_{0.568}NU_{0.032}Ti_{0.40})_{0.984}O_3$ but the grain size lattic parameter dielectric constant dissipation factor mechanical quality factor and space-charge field of the former were lower than those of the latter.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.549-552
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• 2015

The galactic magnetic field (GMF) and the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) affect the propagation of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) from the source to us. Here we examine the influences of the GMF/IGFM and the dependence of their sky distribution on galactic latitude, b. We analyze the correlation between the arrival direction (AD) of UHECRs observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the large-scale structure of the universe in regions of sky divided by b. Specifically, we compare the AD distribution of observed UHECRs to that of mock UHECRs generated from a source model constructed with active galactic nuclei. Our source model has the smearing angle as a free parameter that reflects the deflection angle of UHECRs from the source. The results show that larger smearing angles are required for the observed distribution of UHECRs in lower galactic latitude regions. We obtain, for instance, a $1{\sigma}$ credible interval for smearing angle of $0^{\circ}{\leq}{\theta}_s{\leq}72^{\circ}$ at high galactic latitudes, $60^{\circ}$ < $\left|{b}\right|{\leq}90^{\circ}$, and of $75^{\circ}{\leq}{\theta}_s{\leq}180^{\circ}$, $-30^{\circ}{\leq}b{\leq}30^{\circ}$, at low galactic latitudes, respectively. The results show that the influence of the GMF is stronger than that of the IGMF. In addition, we can estimate the strength of GMFs by these values; if we assume that UHECRs would have heavier nuclei, the estimated strengths of GMF are consistent with the observational value of a few ${\mu}G$. More data from the future experiments may make UHECR astronomy possible.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2011

두께가 다른 CoPt 자성막을 전기도금법으로 제작하여 자화역전 기구와 자기상호작용이 자기역전 부피에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 자기모멘트 감쇠의 시간의존성과 잔류자기화 곡선 측정결과로부터 모든 시료의 지배적인 자화역전 기구는 자벽고착에 의한 자벽이동임을 알 수 있었다. 자기점성계수 및 비가역 자화율로부터 구한 자기역전 부피는 시료의 두께 및 인가 자기장의 세기에 거의 무관하게 일정하였으나, 자기역전 부피로부터 구한 역전 직경의 크기는 두께가 두꺼울수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 현상은 자벽고착에 의해 제어되는 자벽운동과 쌍극자 상호작용에 의한 것으로 판단된다.

• Current Applied Physics
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1280-1288
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• 2018

In this work, we pointed out that Sr substitution for Ca leads to modify the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of $Pr_{0.7}Ca_{0.3-x}Sr_xMnO_3$ compounds. Analyzing temperature dependence of magnetization, M(T), proves that the Curie temperature ($T_C$) increased with increasing Sr content (x); $T_C$ value is found to be 130-260 K for x = 0.0-0.3, respectively. Using the phenomenological model and M(T,H) data measured at several applied magnetic field, the magnetocaloric effect of $Pr_{0.7}Ca_{0.3-x}Sr_xMnO_3$ compounds has been investigated through their temperature and magnetic field dependences of magnetic entropy change ${\Delta}S_m$(T,H) and the change of the specific heat change ${\Delta}C_P$(T,H). Under an applied magnetic field change of 10 kOe, the maximum value of $-{\Delta}S_m$ is found to be about $3J/kg{\cdot}K$, and the maximum and minimum values of ${\Delta}C_P$(T) calculated to be about ${\pm}60J/kg{\cdot}K$ for x = 0.3 sample. Additionally, the critical behaviors of $Pr_{0.7}Ca_{0.3-x}Sr_xMnO_3$ compounds around their $T_C$ have been also analyzed. Results suggested a coexistence of the ferromagnetic short- and long-range interactions in samples. Moreover, Sr-doping favors establishing the short-range interactions.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2022

One of the major applications of REBCO coated conductor (CC) tapes is in superconducting magnets or coils that are designed for high magnet fields. For such applications, the CC tapes were exposed to a high level of stresses which includes uniaxial tensile or transverse compressive stresses resulting from a large magnetic field. Thus, CC tapes should endure such mechanical load or deformation that can influence their electromechanical performance during manufacturing, cool-down, and operation. It has been reported that the main cause of critical current (I_c) degradation in CC tapes utilized in coil windings for superconducting magnets was the delamination due to transversely applied stresses. In most high-magnetic-field applications, the operating limits of the CC tapes will likely be imposed by the electromechanical properties together with its I_c dependence on temperature and magnetic field. In this study, we examined the influence of the transverse compressive stress on the I_c degradation behaviors in various commercially available CC tapes which is important for magnet design Four differently processed REBCO CC tapes were adopted to examine their I_c degradation behaviors under transverse compression using an anvil test method and a newly developed instantaneous I_c measurement system. As a result, all REBCO CC tapes adopted showed robustness against transverse compressive stresses for REBCO coils, notably at transverse compressive stresses until 250 MPa. When the applied stress further increased, different Ic degradation behaviors were observed depending on the sample. Among them, the one that was fabricated by the IBAD/MOCVD process showed the highest compressive stress tolerance.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 1999

Purpose : To evaluate the effect of rotational correlation time (${\tau}_R$) and the possible related changes of other parameters, ${\tau}_M,{\;}{\tau}_S,{\;}and{\;}(\tau}_V$ of gadolinium (Gd) chelate on T1 relaxation enhancement in two pool model. Materials and Methods : The NMRD (Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Dispersion) profiles were simulated from 0.02 MHz to 800 MHz proton Larmor frequency for different values of rotational correlation times based on Solomon-Bloembergen equation for inner-sphere relaxation enhancement. To include both unbound pool (pool A) and bound pool (pool B), the relaxivity was divided by contribution from unbound pool and bound pool. The rotational correlation time for pool A was fixed at the value of 0.1 ns, which is a typical value for low molecular weight complexes such as Gd-DTPA in solution and ${\tau}_R$ for pool B was changed from 0.1 ns to 20 ns to allow the slower rotation by binding to macromolecule. The fractional factor of was also adjusted from 0 to 1.0 to simulate different binding ratios to macromolecule. Since the binding of Gd-chelate to macromolecule cab alter the electronic environment of Gd ion and also the degree of bulk water access to hydration site of Gd-chelate, the effects of these parameters were also included. Results : The result shows that low field profiles, ranged from 0.02 to 40 MHz, and dominated by contribution from bound pool, which is bound to macromolecule regardless of binding ratios. In addition, as more Gd-chelate bound to macromolecule, sharp increase of relaxivity at higher field occurs. The NMRD profiles for different values of ${\tau}_S$ show the enormous increase of low field profile whereas relaxivity at high field is not affected by ${\tau}_S$. On the other hand, the change in ${\tau}$V does not affect low field profile but strongly in fluences on both inflection fie이 and the maximum relaxivity value. The results shows a fluences on both inflection field and the maximum relaxivity value. The results shows a parabolic dependence of relaxivity on ${\tau}_M$. Conclusion : Binding of Gd-chelate to a macromolecule causes slower rotational tumbling of Gd-chelate and would result in relaxation enhancement, especially in clinical imaging field. However, binding to macromolecule can change water enchange rate (${\tau}_M$) and electronic relaxation ($T_le$) vis structural deformation of electron environment and the access of bulk water to hydration site of metal-chelate. The clinical utilities of Gd-chelate bound to macromolecule are the less dose requirement, the tissue specificity, and the better perfusion and intravascular agents.