• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.59-62
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• 2003

A two-year-old pointer dog showed a liver failure for long duration. By radiographic examination, barium or gas filled intestine was detected in the pericardium. Although liver function was bad, surgery was tried to repair hernia due to the poor prognosis. Intestine, omentum, and liver with gall bladder were dislocated in the pericadial sac by peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH). Intestine was easily removed from pericardial sac but omentum and liver were not because of strong adhesion to the pericardial sac. Postmortem examination was performed because the patient was died after surgery. Grossly, herniated liver whose right medial lobe was strongly adhered to the pericardial sac was severely congested with fibrin adhesion on the surface. Hypoplastic abnormally up-located heart had a fissure in the outside of lower right venticulum bordered apex and depressed large vessels including vena cava and aortic arch into the base of heart. It was suggested that formation of a fissure and depression of vessels might be due to the pressure of herniated organs. In the veterinary literature as far as we knew, PPDH associated with liver failure due to adhesion of liver to the pericardial sac has not been reported.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 2010

A 2-month-old male Jeju native black calf with respiratory distress was died and requested to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of Jeju National University for diagnosis. Grossly, lungs were focally attached to the pleura and heart with fibrin. Purple red sublobar consolidations were distributed in both apical and cardiac lobes of lungs. Histopathologically, diffuse severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia characterized by multifocal necrotizing bronchiolitis, formation of numerous multinucleated syncytial cells in bronchiolar and alveolar lumens, and diffuse alveolar wall thickening were observed in lungs. Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions were observed in bronchiolar epithelial cells and syncytial cells. According to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was detected in the lung of calf. Based on the histopathologic findings and RT-PCR, this calf was diagnosed as BRSV infection. In our best knowledge, this is the first case of BRSV infection in Jeju native black calf.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.112-115
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• 1997

While the cruciate ligament has a profuse vascular response following injury, spontaneous repair does not occur. This may result from the fact that synovial fluid dilution of the hematoma following injury prevents the formation of a fibrin clot and thus the initiation of the healing mechanism. Another theory suggests that the dynamic nature of the fascicles of the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) through even small ranges of motion prohibits spontaneous union to these fibers. But we experienced two cases of spontaneous healing of partially injured ACL. Initially they showed more than grade II anterior instability. 6 mm difference by stress roentgenographs(pull view) and difference of 8 mm by KT 1000TM arthrometer between the ACL injured knee and normal side knee. Lax, nearly complete tear of ACL and synovial bleeding were noted during arthroscopic examination but the continuity of synovial membrane was seemed to be intact. These cases were treated by conservative management rather than reconstructive procedure. Postoperatively they showed excellent clinical results, no anterior instability and unlimited athletic activity. Based on our clinical experience. we think that cruciate ligament has the spontaneous healing potential in acute stage and middle aged patient. We consider the microfracture technique and initial immobilization for accelleration of healing response of the ACL.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.373-387
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to introduce our three experiments on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and its carriers performed using the critical sized segmental defect (CSD) model in rat fibula and to investigate development of animal models and carriers for more effective bone regeneration. Materials and Methods: For the experiments, 14, 16, and 24 rats with CSDs on both fibulae were used in Experiments 1, 2, and 3, respectively. BMP-2 with absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) (Experiments 1 and 2), autoclaved autogenous bone (AAB) and fibrin glue (FG) (Experiment 3), and xenogenic bone (Experiment 2) were used in the experimental groups. Radiographic and histomorphological evaluations were performed during the follow-up period of each experiment. Results: Significant new bone formation was commonly observed in all experimental groups using BMP-2 compared to control and xenograft (porcine bone) groups. Although there was some difference based on BMP carrier, regenerated bone volume was typically reduced by remodeling after initially forming excessive bone. Conclusion: BMP-2 demonstrates excellent ability for bone regeneration because of its osteoinductivity, but efficacy can be significantly different depending on its delivery system. ACS and FG showed relatively good bone regeneration capacity, satisfying the essential conditions of localization and release-control when used as BMP carriers. AAB could not provide release-control as a BMP carrier, but its space-maintenance role was remarkable. Carriers and scaffolds that can provide sufficient support to the BMP/carrier complex are necessary for large bone defects, and AAB is thought to be able to act as an effective scaffold. The CSD model of rat fibula is simple and useful for initial estimate of bone regeneration by agents including BMPs.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.54-64
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• 2022

Purpose: This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different debridement techniques and conditioning procedures on root surface morphology and blood clot stabilization. Methods: Two debridement techniques (curette [CU] vs. high-speed ultrasound [US]) and 2 conditioning procedures (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] and phosphoric acid [PA]) were used for the study. Seven experimental groups were tested on root surfaces: 1) no treatment (C); 2) CU; 3) US; 4) CU+EDTA; 5) US+EDTA; 6) CU+PA; and 7) US+PA. Three specimens per group were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface characterization. Additional root slices received a blood drop, and clot formation was graded according to the blood element adhesion index by a single operator. Data were statistically analyzed, using a threshold of P<0.05 for statistical significance. Results: The C group displayed the most irregular surface among the tested groups with the complete absence of blood traces. The highest frequency of blood component adhesion was shown in the CU+EDTA group (P<0.05), while no differences were detected between the CU, US+EDTA, and CU+PA groups (P<0.05), which performed better than the US and US+PA groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: In this SEM analysis, EDTA and conventional manual scaling were the most efficient procedures for enhancing smear layer removal, collagen fiber exposure, and clot stabilization on the root surface. This technique is imperative in periodontal healing and regenerative procedures.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.16.1-16.11
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• 2023

Background: Long-term comparative data of phacoemulsification combined with endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (phaco-ECP) versus phacoemulsification (phaco) alone in dogs are rare. Objectives: To investigate the effects of ECP on postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and complications after phaco in dogs with normal IOP. Methods: Medical records of IOP, conjunctival hyperemia, corneal edema, aqueous flare, posterior synechia, intraocular fibrin, and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) formation in 15 canine eyes that underwent phaco-ECP and 36 eyes that underwent phaco alone were evaluated retrospectively. ECP was applied when either the iridocorneal angle or the ciliary cleft was narrow or closed. Results: The IOP of the phaco-ECP group persisted within the normal range postoperatively. The phaco-ECP group had a shorter period of dorzolamide use than did the phaco group. PCO was formed earlier in the phaco-ECP group than in the phaco group. The phaco-ECP group showed more severe corneal edema than the phaco group at every follow-up visit. Posterior synechia was more severe in the phaco-ECP group than in the phaco group from two weeks until the last follow-up. Conclusions: Although ECP might cause more postoperative complications such as corneal edema and posterior synechia, it could effectively reduce the incidence of IOP increase after phaco in dogs with a high risk of postoperative glaucoma.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.257-264
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• 2001

This study was performed to investigate the effects of chitosan-trimer (CT) on the prevention of postoperative adhesion formation in the rate model. All animals divided into PBS (control), 1% CT, 3% CT, and chitin treated group. The mean adhesion score in 1% CT group (1.03$\pm$0.63), 3% CT group (0.64$\pm$0.53) and chitin group (1.67$\pm$0.71) was found to be lower than that in control group (2.07$\pm$0.81). More favorable adhesion prevention was achieved in 3% CT group (0.64$\pm$0.53) in comparison with the control group, 1% CT group, and chitin group without any hemorrhagic complications. A statistically significant difference was observed in adhesion formation between control group and 3% CT group (p<0.001). In control group, 44 of 45 sites (97.7%) formed adhesions between the intestine defects. In contrast, 3% CT was effective in reducing the incidence of adhesion formation to 17 to 45 sites (62.2%) (p<0.05). The locations of adhesions were observed in serosa-serosa (60%), serosa-mesentery (13.3%), serosa-connective tissue of testis (10%), omentum-liver (10%), serosa-omentum (3.3%), serosa-cecum (3.3%), and serosa-incision (0%). On the results of histological analysis, grade of inflammation and fibrosis at the sites of postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation were not significantly different in all groups. But, 3% CT showed the lowest score of inflammation and fibrosis. In 3% CT group, the rate of increase of plasma fibrinogen was significantly lower compared with that in control group from pre-operation to 10 days later (p<0.05). There were no appreciable difference in the CBC, leukocyte differential counts and total protein concentrations among four groups. In conclusion, our data suggested that CT should be effective on reducing adhesion formation in experimental rat models. The results also showed that 3% CT does not adversely affect normal wound healing and healthy recovery after operation.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.58-66
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• 1995

Background: Acute interstitial pneumonia is a relatively rare form of interstitial pneumonia, since the vast majority of interstitial pneumonia have a more chronic course. It corresponds to the lesion described by Hamman and Rich, as Hamman-Rich disease in 1944. Another name in the clinical literature is accelerated interstitial pneumonia, idiopathic acute respiratory distress syndrome (idiopathic ARDS), and the organizing stage of diffuse alveolar damage. Acute interstitial pneumonia differs from chronic interstitial pneumonia by clinical and pathologic features. Clinically, this disease is characterized by a sudden onset and a rapid course, and reversible disease. Method and Purpose: Five cases of pathologically proven acute interstitial pneumonia were retrospectively studied to define the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features. Results: 1) The five cases ranged in age from 31 to 77 years old. The onset of illness was acute in all patients, it began with viral-like prodrome 6~40 days prior to shortness of breath, and respiratory failure eventually developed in all patients. In 2 cases, generalized skin rash was accompanied with flu-like symptoms. Etiologic agent could not be identified in any case. 2) All patients had leukocytosis and severe hypoxemia. Pulmonary function test of 3 available cases shows restrictive ventilatory defect, and one survived patient(case 5) has a complete improvement of pulmonary function after dismissal. 3) Diffuse bilateral chest infiltrates were present radiologically. Theses were the ground-glass, consolidation, and reticular densities without honeycomb fibrosis in all patients. The pathologic abnormalities were the presence of increased numbers of macrophages and the formation of hyaline membranes within alveolar spaces. There was also interstitial thickening with edema, proliferation of immature fibroblast, and hyperplasia of type II pneumocyte. In the survived patient(case5), pathologic findings were relatively early stage of acute interstitial pneumonia, such as hyaline membrane with mild interstitial fibrosis. 4) Of the 5 patients, four patients died of respiratory failure 14~90 days after onset of first symptom, and one survived and recovered in symptoms, chest X ray, and pulmonary function test Conclusion: These results emphasize that acute interstitial pneumonia is clinically, radiologically, and pathologically distinct form of interstitial pneumonia and should be separated from the group of chronic interstitial pneumonia. Further studies will be needed to evaluate the pathogenesis and the treatment of acute interstitial pneumonia.